Archives-April 2016

: The equilibrium constants for metal complex formation have been employed from long as an effective measure and parameter of the affinity of a ligand for a metal ion in solution. PHmetry is one of the most convenient and successful technique employed for metal complex equilibrium measurements. pHmetric measurement of hydrogen ion concentration may be employed when the degree of complex formation is sensitive to the hydrogen ion concentration thus the degree of complex formation undergoes increase/ decrease with change in pH. In the present work, we investigate the stability constants of Paracetamol complexes with Co2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+pHmetrically using pH metric technique at three temperatures (25 ±0.1, 30 ±0.1 and 35± 0.10 C) and at an ionic strength of 0.1 mol L-1 (KNO3). The method of Calvin and Bjerrum as adopted by Irving and Rossotti has been employed to determine log K1 values. The thermodynamic parameters ?G, ?H and ?S are calculated. System tend to progress in the direction of increasing entropy as entropy is a measure of a system’s tendency towards spontaneous change. KEYWORDS: pH metry, Stability constant, Thermodynamic parameters, Entropy

Heat pipe technology becomes popular in waste heat recovery applications and in heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in recent years, especially in increasing the dehumidification efficiency and cooling capacity of the cooling coil especially in warm-climate countries. An experimental study was carried out on air-to-air thermosyphon heat pipe heat exchanger (THPHE) filled with R134a as the working fluid and a fill ratio of 60% of the evaporator volume. Two configurations were tested; plain and grooved (rifled) inner surface THPHE. For each THPHE module, the lengths of the evaporator and condenser sections were 300 mm and the central adiabatic section was 100 mm. There were 6 rows of 48 copper tubes with 12 mm outside diameter. Aluminum wavy plate fins were fixed between the tubes to increase the heat transfer area. A test rig was set up to study the thermal performance of the THPHE, different sets of experiments were carried out by varying the heat load as well as the mass flow rate inlet to evaporator section of the heat exchanger; the two THPHEs were examined under low temperature (30-60?C) operating conditions. Four evaporator section air face velocities namely, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 m/s were tested while ambient air flowed through condenser section with air face velocity controlled at 1.5 m/s. The results shows that the THPHE effectiveness values are shown to vary with the evaporator inlet temperature and mass flow rates. Also, the inner grooved THPHE showed a significant effect on increasing the thermal performance of the heat exchanger as compared with the plain inner surface THPHE

In Indian context, culture, traditions, customs and taboos influenced meat consumption to a great extent especially in rural societies. The cultural differences within a state and between states are also accountable for variations in meat consumption patterns. A study was performed to ascertain the preference of consumers towards the meat purchasing locations among rural, semi-urban and urban households in Karnataka with sample size of 90 meat eating respondents and 30 non-meat eating responds. The Garrett’s ranking technique was adopted for the present study. The results showed that the respondents of rural and semi-urban area had better opportunity to purchase meat at retail shops whereas the respondents of urban area had opportunity to purchase meat at supermarkets due to their living conditions, standard life style and work nature.

The spin coating method was used for the preparation of ZnS, Mn doped ZnS (MZS) and Cobalt doped ZnS (CZS) thin films and their structural and optical properties were studied. The ZnS thin films were grown on well cleaned glass substrates by spin coating method from aqueous solution of Zinc Sulphide and Thiourea with two different dopants Mn and Co. The properties of ZnS, MZS and CZS thin films and their growth mechanisms were studied using x-ray diffraction, UV-Visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence and VSM studies. Effect of dopants on structural, optical and magnetic properties was reported. Keywords: ZnS, Spin Coating, Dopants, Structural, Optical and magnetic properties.

In this work Mahua oil cake was used to extract the bio oil using fixed bed fast pyrolysis experiments. The effects of three parameters on the pyrolysis efficiency were tested to identify the optimal bio oil production. The parameters are temperature, nitrogen gas flow rate and feed stock particle size. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM), with a Box Behnken Design (BBD), was used for modelling and optimizes the process parameters. The results showed that the second-order polynomial equation explains adequately the non-linear nature of the modelled response. An R2 value of 0.9318 indicates a sufficient adjustment of the model with the experimental data. The optimal conditions found to be at the temperature of 550°C, N2 flow rate of 0.3 lpm and particle size of 4 mm. The yield of bio-oil was obtained 25.90 wt %. In addition the bio oil was characterized by elemental the gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC- MS) were analyzed.

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of using treated wastewater on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of festuca in greenhouse conditions in Sa'dabad of the Dashtestan, Iran. Experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. Treatments included: fresh water, fresh water + 25% treated wastewater, fresh water + 50% treated wastewater, fresh water + 75% treated wastewater, and 100% treated wastewater. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of wastewater had significant effect on growth and physiological characteristics. Root weight (5.7 g), leaf weight (2.3 g), leaf area (7/54), root length (29 cm) and plant height (9.9 cm) showed a significant increase in compared to the control. In relation to the characteristics of protein, phosphorus and ash, the same trend was observed.

The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology for solving matrix games with fuzzy payoffs. Here, a fuzzy matrix game has been considered and its solution method has been proposed using interval parametric technique. This technique is based on parametric representation of interval number. In this technique, the fuzzy number has been converted into interval number using interval approximation of fuzzy number and the interval number has been presented to its parametric interval functional form. Then the corresponding matrix game has been converted into crisp game using the said technique. The value of the matrix game for each player is obtained by solving corresponding crisp game problems using the existing method. Finally, a numerical example has been considered and solved in support of the solution method.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of recruitment and selection, and compensation on performance of employees. Two hypotheses are developing to see the impact of the independent variable on the performance of employees. Results of the study showed that there are high positive correlations between the variables based on responses 152 respondents from Perak state based private firms in Malaysia. The result of regression analysis showed that recruitment and selection, and compensation have significant positive impact on performance of employees. This can be concluded the hypotheses show that all these have significant effect on performance of employees. Hence, the successful organization must understand the importance of recruitment and selection method as well as the organization compensation system as a critical factor to produce positive results.

Designs ideas can be obtained from many sources of inspiration. Designers are often influenced by anything visual from nature to a fruit plate. Apparel designers are inspired by necessity the need to create fashion which called Form Follows Function .From this point of vie antibacterial treatment now is not a luxury anymore it became a necessity not only in the medical field but in all life parts. So in this study Antibacterial treatment has been done to cotton and viscose fabrics using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) which gives good antibacterial activity, followed by dyeing and /or printing. 5 designs from historical and folk inspiration using the (PEG) treated fabrics were adapted to make fashionable women dresses. The designs were analyzed from the aesthetic point of view.

In India maize ranks fifth position in area and fourth in production among the major cereals grown. Being a C4 plant and having very high yield potential, it is called queen of cereals. One of the main deterrents to high grain yield in maize is its susceptibility to several diseases. Of 112 diseases of maize reported so far from different parts of the globe, 65 are known to occur in India. Banded leaf and Sheath blight (BLSB) is one of them caused by most widespread, destructive and versatile pathogen Rhizoctonia solani f. sp Sasakii (teleomorph: Corticium sasakii, syn Thanatephorus cucumeris) which claims significant yield loss (Saxena, 2002). It was first reported by Bertus (1927) in Sri Lanka under the name Sclerotial disease. The epidemics of this disease were first reported in the warm and humid foot hills of Himachal Pradesh by Thakur et al. (1995). Singh and Sharma (1976) recorded a loss in grain yield in the range of 11 to 40 per cent due to this disease while Lal et al. (1985) reported a reduction to the extent of 97.4 per cent in severe condition. A range of 25 to 30°C (Ahuja and Payak, 1981) coupled with an average relative humidity of 90-100% (Ahuja and Payak, 1981) is most suitable for development of this disease. These conditions prevail in the plains of N.E. region of India during the months of July-August, a time when the crop is in vulnerable growth stage. In India the disease was first recorded in the Tarai (foot hill plain areas) region of Uttar Pradesh (Payak and Renfro, 1966). Maize plant is affected by as many as 61 diseases, out of which 16 have been identified a major ones which occur both in tropical and temperate regions of India (Sharma and Payak, 1986). Among these, banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) incited by Rhizoctonia solani is gaining economic importance. Grain yield loss, depending on severity varies between 11 to 40 per cent (Singh and Sharma, 1976). Now banded leaf and sheath blight is considered as one of the major diseases of Maize (Payak and Sharma, 1985).