Archives-December 

The growing concern due to environmental pollution caused by the conventional fossil fuels and the realization that they are non-renewable have led to search for more environment friendly and renewable fuels. Among various options investigated for diesel fuel, biodiesel obtained from vegetable oils has been recognized world over as one of the strong contenders for reductions in exhaust emissions. In this present experimental work is carried out the performance and emission characteristics of diesel and biodiesel (Mahua) is analyzed. The results of depicts B20 Mahua blend of biodiesel is having the better characteristics in terms of performance and emission.

The present study attempts to know the level of preference towards values between male and female students of different B.Ed. College in Tamil Nadu. The investigator has employed the survey method for collecting the data by using the well-designed and validated research tools for primary data collection. The tools have been administered to a random sample of 900 B.Ed college students in Tamil Nadu. The main objectives of the study is to find out the preference on values such as, economic, political, theoretical, social, religious and aesthetical values. The result reveals that the economical and political values are correlating with gender. The researcher has offered suitable suggestions to the stakeholders and policy makers pertinent to the findings of the study

SQL injection attacks on the web databases are mainly due to the application development process where the coding process is vulnerable as it was not secured. This however can be prevented by various methods. One of the techniques is to limit the access of database to authorized users only. Database contents are encrypted so as to allow a secure way of efficient query processing directly on the encrypted database. SQL attacks can be prevented through highly secure authentication schemes in the login phase itself. In this paper, we have presented one such technique. Our scheme proposes that access be provided to verified users only. That is, at the time of creation of the user account, a user key is generated for every user where the user name and password at the time of login is encrypted by Blowfish encryption and RSA technique at different levels of the total encryption process. The access is provided by the server after confirming the user’s authenticity. On server side the encrypted data will be decrypted using the user key. The decrypted data will be checked and if the user is genuine, further access will be granted to the database. The RSA encryption will work as a protective cover for the SQL query generated by the user at the client’s end.

The effect of novel corrosion inhibitors, new class of substituted benzotriazoles namely N-[(benzylidene hydrazino)-propyl]- benzotriazole(BPBT) and N-[(4-oxo-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidineimino)-propyl]-benzotriazole (OPBT) were synthesised and their inhibition behaviour on Cu-Ni alloy in natural sea water were investigated by the weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance studies. Polarization measurements showed that the organic compounds investigated are mixed type inhibitors, inhibiting the corrosion of Cu-Ni alloy by blocking the active sites of the metal surface. They decrease the anodic reaction rate more strongly than the cathodic reaction rate and render the open circuit potential of Cu-Ni alloy more positive in natural sea water. Changes in the impedance parameters (charge transfer resistance (Rct) and double layer capacitance (Cdl)) are related to adsorption of organic inhibitors on the metal surface, leading to the formation of a protective film. Solution analysis revealed the decrease in dissolution of both copper and nickel in the presence of benzotriazole derivatives. The morphology of the Cu-Ni alloy after corrosion in the presence and absence of the benzotriazole derivatives was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All studies clearly show that the substituted benzotriazoles inhibits the corrosion of Cu-Ni alloy in natural seawater and the value of inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration of inhibitors.

The study was retrospective and cross-sectional study where hospital records were accessed to establish patient-nurse ratio in relation to deliveries conducted monthly between 2011 and 2015 to establish staff workload. 167 nurses were engaged with the aim of determining psychosocial risk factors, prevalence and effects on maternal care outcomes at selected level 4 and 5 private and government health facilities in Mombasa County through a modified Copenhagen Psychosocial questionnaire. Cluster sampling was used to pick hospitals on the basis of levels; stratified sampling to identify the respondents; and systematic sampling to determine every Kth staff involved in the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS package, whose findings indicate that patient/nurse ratio was higher in Government Hospitals compared to private hospitals accounting for approximately 1:4 and 1:3 respectively. Generally, majority of the respondents had a positive perception about their work environment despite 66.9% perceiving to a large extent that their work was emotionally demanding, 80.9% their work exposed them to undue pressure/demands from their patients and relatives and only 58.6% felt somewhat or to a small extent motivated and involved. Due to this perception about current work environment, 70% of the respondents considered looking for work elsewhere with only 22.9% willing to remain working in their respective work places. Further analysis indicated that work environment influenced by 65.8% the decision to change jobs due to lack of motivation and failure to involve them in decision making. This perception, however, differed across private and GoK hospitals, male and female, and across the different age brackets.

The present article described the design technique of hardware electronic circuit based on modified Rossler equations. The dynamical behaviour of the proposed system has been studied by computer simulation and in electronic experiment. The results of periodic and chaotic behaviour of the hardware circuit are reported. Next the synchronization between two such electronic circuits is experimentally verified and a secure scheme of communication is described using chaos masking technique. The hardware experimental results are incorporated in this article to support the design algorithm.

Realism depicts subjects related to secular, empirical rules and it begins from the place where truth can be discovered by the individual through the senses. But the inner thought of human mind windows through the vision of fantasy and finds exuberance.

Nanotechnology, involving the development of nanoscaled pharmaceutical delivery devices. The micelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, vesicles, Nanogel, nanocrystals, dendrimers, nanotubes and have been used as strategies to deliver conventional pharmaceuticals or substances such as peptides, recombinant proteins, vaccines and nucleotides. Nanocarriers and other colloidal pharmaceutical delivery systems modify many physicochemical properties, thus resulting in changes in the body distribution and other pharmacological processes. These changes can lead to pharmaceutical delivery at specific sites and reduce side effects. Therefore, Nanocarriers can improve the therapeutic efficiency, being excellent carriers for biological molecules, including enzymes, recombinant proteins and nucleic acid. This review discusses different pharmaceutical carrier systems, and their potential and limitations in the field of pharmaceutical technology. Products with these technologies which have been approved by the FDA in different clinical phases and which are on the market will be also discussed.

In this paper, a new algorithm for noise suppression schemes is applied to specific practical problem mainly the suppression of Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) level of the modulated signal. This is a practical situation of modulation which is used in different transceivers schemes such as in Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) or other types of modulation techniques with standard microwave systems. The algorithm is well suited for a modular software radio concept, which we believe, will be more accepted in the future of wireless communication. Further modifications of the scheme necessary for these applications are described, and the results are presented to illustrate performance improvements. A general interpretation of this technique based on multiplying the transmitted data vectors by a generated amplitude matrix (AM) in the transmitter side, and the inverse of amplitude matrix (IAM) in the receiver side algorithm are introduced and discussed. The suggested scheme results are compared with the conventional modem through using BPSK type of modulation. Different gains are obtained from the proposed model relevant with the conventional system in AWGN and flat fading channel, according to the variation of the adjusted parameters.

The aim of this paper is to evaluate current regulatory guidelines for clinical research, drug development and the evolution and reforms in current and evolving practices in the United States, and Canada, with a detailed focus on India’s regulatory reforms and growing market. The United States is the largest pharmaceutical market, and the epicenter of clinical trials and research. Canada is the world’s second largest center of clinical trials and has pioneered many discoveries in diabetes care. India is gaining ground in clinical research with strengths in research, large drug manufacturing capabilities, world class hospital and medical facilities and infrastructure. The proficiencies of researchers in English, good clinical skills, a large population and prevalence of most disease types in India’s are also reasons for its position in clinical research and a favorable destination. India’s regulators have undertaken reforms of regulatory requirements to improve processes and ensure consistency with international standards. The over reliance by the Indian pharmaceutical industry on generics in sustainability and future growth of the industry may be dampened as the inevitable crowded space by international competitors and other manufacturers will likely cause ceding of some market share. Utilizing the immense talents in new drug development may provide new areas of economic opportunities. The promise for developing innovative and next generational products and marketing are immense. Continued investment in quality, discovery, achieving parity with international regulatory standards will expectedly fulfill great expectations and the inarguable tremendous potential India holds. The regulatory affairs and drug development discussion in India is further related to Type 2 Diabetes in India, as the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes is escalating exponentially worldwide and needs urgent therapeutic and management solutions.