Archives-December 

The prevalence of Bombay blood group in Employees State Insurance Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research centre(ESICMC-PGIMSR), a tertiary health provider in Karnataka, South India.

The use of locally available raw materials in soap production was carried out. The soap was prepared using sheabutter oil (SBO), palm kernel oil (PKO) and plantain peels. The physicochemical parameters of the oils were analysed. The saponification values of the oils 175.30±0.81mgKOH/g (SBO) and 249.18±1.40mgKOH/g (PKO), and the iodine values 65.99±1.27 I2/100g (SBO) and 18.58±0.86 I2/100g (PKO) agreed with those found in literature. The free fatty acid (FFA), acid value and Relative density were found to be 1.719±0.009, 3.60±0.06mgKOH/g and 0.90±0.02 for PKO and for SBO the corresponding values were 5.499±0.113, 11.78±0.56mgKOH/g and 0.91±0.07 respectively. The alkali was extracted from the plantain peels ash and used to saponify the oils for the production of soap. The soap produced was analysed by testing its hardness, moisture and foaming stability. The results indicated that the soap produced by SBO:PKO (50:50) showed a very good properties, hence regarded better compared to the soap produced by SBO and PKO separately.

Osteoarthritisis one of the most common joint disease encountered, affecting more than 80% of people over the age of 55.It is a major cause of musculoskeletal pain and single most important cause of disability and handicap in old age and, is therefore, an important healthcare burden. Osteoarthritis is not a single entity but rather a heterogeneous group of conditions showing common x-ray and pathological changes and is characterized by joint degeneration, loss of cartilage, alteration of subchondral bones etc.Osteoarthritis principally affects the knee and hip. High tibial osteotomy is a welle stablished procedure for the treatment of unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee. In osteoarthritis Varus and valgus deformities are fairly common but Varurs is more as compare to valgus & cause an abnormal distribution of the weight bearing stress within the joint. A total of 26 patients were enrolled for this study and all were treated with tomofix plate. Physical examination and radiographs were performed at regular follow-ups. Functional outcomes were analyzed using knee society scoring system. According to the grading used for functional assessment in knee scores there was definite improvement in the function of cases 22 (96.15%) at 1yrs. But up to 3 months patients required some walking aid in half of the cases. There was very little improvement in the functional knee score in 1 case. The pre-operatively mean functional knee score in 26 cases was 46.8 and post-operatively was 92.5 i.e. the mean improvement in functional knee score is 45.7 (the maximum functional knee score is 100).

The National Radioactive Waste Management Centre (NRWMC) of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission undertakes routine monthly radiation monitoring in and around the vicinity of its storage facility. In collaboration with the government of the United States of America, the Ghana Atomic energy Commission (GAEC) upgraded and intensified the safety and security systems at the radioactive waste storage facility located at the main site of the GAEC. Additional storage/decay rooms were built with more enriched and thicker concrete blocks to be able to contain the radiation. The sources were transferred from the old block to the new re-enforced block. Radiation levels were measured for a period of six months before and after the transfer of the sources and the results compared. An average dose rates of 0.13 nSv/y and 0.02 nSv/y were recorded around walls of the storage facility before and after the transfer of the sources, respectively. The reduction in the dose rate was attributed to the increased thickness of the walls of the new storage block providing enough shielding to the radiation. Comparing the results with the IAEA safety standard on dose limit of 1.0 mSv/y to the public and 20 mSv/y for the radiation worker, it was concluded that the radiation levels emanating from the facility are low and within the allowable limits.

For the appraisal of contamination of lake waters coliform count is generally used to review the infectivity echelon of potable water. The usual sources of coliform contamination at lake Sambhaji include discharges due to domestic wastes, laundry activities related to hospitals, natural surface runoff, rivulets, swimming activities, anthropogenic activities urban run-off, animal and human wastes. Lake water for the reason it had objectionable odour, was suspected for being contaminated. An attempt was made to comprehend the potable competence lake waters of lake Sambhaji, at Solapur district (MS), India, by specifying total coliforms counts employing the method of Multiple Tube Test with double strength MacConkey Broth Medium (Himedia M539S), the traditional method for presumptive isolation of coliform bacteria by MPN, incubating at 370C for 24 hours, in addition to other tests. Most Probable Number (MPN) of total coliforms was determined by referring to standard probability table for estimation of total coliforms for the determination of MPN. The investigation of the cultural response revealed 480 cfu/ml at site 2 and 220 cfu/ml at site 1, exceeding limits for recreational water. The highest fraction of indicator coliforms was detected in the water sample at site 2, of lake Sambhaji which has truly objectionable odour as compared to site 1 of lake Sambhaji. Taking into consideration the observations of high coliform count at lake Sambhaji results portray a tragic testimony of the deterioration of the ecological health of the lake and advocates dismissal of the consideration of water for being thought for its potable potential, portraying human malady if exposed to such unsanitary lake. The results encompass imperative repercussion directing prioritization to design restoration strategies.

Financial crisis have led to sharp fluctuations of China’s foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI), which in no doubt exert a profound influence on the stabilizing effect of China’s economic growth. As trade and FDI are the primary impetuses of China’s economic growth, will this kind of growth effect fall dramatically during financial crisis? Utilizing data on China’s 36 industrial sectors, this paper conducts panel data regressions in terms of two stages - periods before and after financial crisis, and in terms of classification on the different degree of revealed comparative advantage(RCA). The result shows that financial crisis doesn’t weaken the economic growth effect of trade and FDI; instead, it strengthen the high efficiency of trade and FDI firms and the crowding out effect on other firms; In the group with higher RCA, the direct economic promotion of trade and FDI is stronger in post-crisis period than that in pre-crisis period, while in the group with lower RCA, the result is totally reversed. It demonstrates that financial crisis strengthens the efficiency advantage and resource reallocation effect of trade and FDI. From this point, the steady growth of trade and FDI is more important than enlarging domestic demand and investment to the stabilizing effect of economic growth.

Now a days e-commerce becoming more popular, Seller selling product on the web often ask their customers for reviews about products which they have purchased and these reviews are used by other people to know features of the product. In this paper, we design and develop, review summarization system with Machine Learning Language. The goal of review summarization system is to take out the product features on which people write their opinions and then identifying whether the opinions are positive, negative or neutral. This system is based on the sentiment classification and portal algorithm. It differentiates the reviews into positive, negative and neutral. Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is used to identify features of the product. Portal algorithm is used to classify the reviews. In proposing system we display total percentages of reviews in graphical representation.

Like in other developing nations, the hill rural- Terrie urban migration is increasingly becoming a common phenomenon mainly as a direct response to environmental degradation and rural poverty. In this regard, some socio-economic and demographic correlates play a pivotal role in the out-migration of masses from villages. A total of 200 households were survey to know the trend and major Pull and Push factors of community in the region. Under modernized perspectives, the drastic depletion in agriculture land and simultaneously the number of settlement sand population increases in the immigrant village. Thus raising the lower middle and middle class economy much pronounced, to fast out migration from rural hill to foot hill villages of Uttrakhand. The study has estimate the reason of the rural migration from hill area to terrain area of Uttrakhand after separation from Uttrapradesh. The results and people perceptions stated that high migration occurs for quality and sustaining social and economic services in the area. Thus the State and Central Government policy makers, planners and executive agencies has need of mitigate the serious problems and run a parallel programs for development of remote rural area of hill by community appraisals and Public Private Partnership.

Soluble protein concentration of seventeen wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) in NaCl salinity (16 dS m-1 and two weeks exposure) was assessed to evaluate the ability of these traits in salt screening. There was an increase in protein content in salinity stress compared to control condition in root and shoot. Even thought, there was a clear relation between salt tolerance or salt sensitivity and soluble protein in shoot plant; we didn’t find any relation between tolerance and protein concentration in root. It seems that the increase in concentration of soluble protein can be a criteria to distinct salt tolerance in the shoot of early wheat plant. Therefore soluble protein concentration measurement can be applied with other trait such as Na exclusion, yield and yield components to screen wheat cultivars in salinity condition.

Soils inherently low in nutrients may respond dramatically to conservation management, yet evaluation of soil nutrients on absolute basis may not detect change. This study was primarily aimed at investigating the depth distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), soil carbon: nitrogen ratio (C:N), soil dry bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) and their stratification ratios as affected by conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) under cocoyam in a Typic paleudult in two agroenvironments in southeastern Nigeria. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource Management, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani Enugu (06?52' N, 07?15' E) and The Research and Experimental farm of Enugu State College of Agriculture and Agro-Entrepreneurship, Iwollo (06026'N; 07016'E), respectively during 2013 and 2014 planting season. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block (RCBD) with five replications and four treatments which comprised of conventional tillage with 150 and 300 Kg/ha of NPK15:15:15 and No-Tillage with 150 and 300 Kg/ha of NPK15:15:15. Soil analysis was carried out at both pre- and post planting at two soil depths (0-20cm and 20-40cm) in both locations. The data collected was analyzed using Analysis of variance test (ANOVA). Result showed that Conventionally-tilled plots that received 300 Kg/ha NPK had 0.121percent N. This plot had between 7% - 30% lower N content when compared to No-till plots amended with both 300 and 150 Kg/ha for 2013 and 2014 planting season. The results showed that No-till plots had significantly higher (18-43%) post-harvest percent soil nitrogen, organic carbon and carbon: nitrogen content when compared to conventionally-tilled plots at both 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depths. The stratification ratio of N (1.09-2.14 and 1.02-2.29 for CT and NT respectively), OC (CT, 1.10-3.07; NT, 1.01-2.42) and C:N ( CT, 0.79-3.02; NT, 0.74-1.99) whereas stratification ratio of bulk density (CT,0.72-0.98; NT, 0.74-0.99), total porosity (CT, 0.98-1.20; NT, 0.90-1.22) and hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)(CT,1.07-1.29; NT, 1.03-1.49) for both sites and years did not follow any particular trend. This implies that soils vary in inherent properties and that absolute values of soil properties at the surface can vary. However, a reference is needed to separate inherent from management-induced changes. Generally taller plants (P>0.05) were found in Conventionally-till plots when compared with No-till plots. At harvest (210 DAP), the highest corm yield was obtained in Conventionally-tilled with 300kg/ha N plots which gave 8.58 and 7.83t/ha in Iwollo site for 2013 and 2014 planting season respectively followed by no-till treated 300kg/ha of NPK which also had 6.58 and 6.00t/ha. Conventionally-tilled plots amended with 300kg/ha N had 35% and 36% higher yield when compared with No-till plots amended with 150kg/ha of NPK plots for 2013 and 2014 planting season. The high yield advantage of Conventionally-tilled with 300kg/ha N over the other treatments may be due to differences in tillage practices and N fertilization rates. Tillage and fertilization helped increase the rate of crop emergence, improved soil moisture status, soil air (aeration), and improved general edaphic conditions of plants resulting in better yields. The relatively high stratification ratio of soil organic C, and some other soil properties, implies that conservation tillage and fertilizer application can compensate to some degree for the removal of above-ground plant residues