Archives-December 

A dual-band characteristic of multilayer aperture coupled microstrip log-periodic dipole antenna is studied. Further loading of patches is performed and its effects are investigated. It is a probe fed antenna for impedance matching with 50? coaxial cable. This antenna works well in the frequency range 4.3 GHz to 8.5 GHz. It is basically a low cost, light weight medium gain antenna, which is used for wireless communication. The multilayer microstrip antenna structure involves addition of multiple layers one over the other. When a microstrip antenna is stacked with a superstrate dielectric layer, its properties like resonance frequency, gain and bandwidth are changed, which may affect the system performance. With proper choice of the thickness of substrate and superstrate layers, significant increase in bandwidth and return loss can be achieved for practical applications. This structure uses stacked configuration of three different substrates. One dielectric substrate as a feeding plane, one dielectric substrate as aperture plane and a dielectric substrate as a LPDA. The simulated antenna yields -29.16 dB return loss with 33% bandwidth with a size of 24x26x6mm3. The proposed antennas present an excellent candidate for compact and low-cost microwave integrated systems.

There are number of postcolonial theorist and critics such as Frantz Fanon, Homi K. Bhabha, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak contributed to postcolonialism and the postcolonial intellectuals has developed a new perspective whereby the conditions of marginality, subalterneity, plurality, mimicry, hybridity are seen as sources of energy and potential change. Many women writers, thinkers and critics have formulated a school of thought that searches for such instances in literature. Feminist literary criticism primarily responds to the way woman is presented in literature. Postcolonial feminist criticism examines how women are represented in colonial and postcolonial literature and challenges assumptions which are made about women in both literature and society. Postcolonial feminists point out the ways in which women continue to be stereotyped and marginalised, ironically sometimes by postcolonial authors who might claim to be challenging a culture of oppression. The main task of the feminist literary critics seems to oppose patriarchal norms which exist in the society. The marginalizations of women, their predicament, struggle for identity, finding their own space, celebrating the female body are the chief subjects of this trend. The protagonists of all the novels of Manju Kapur are seen as women struggling against all odds. Manju Kapur has always tried to depict the picture of the sufferings of women at deeper level in her novels. In her novels, she deals with the problems of women and their struggle to establish an identity. She in particular takes up the cause of the females who are victimized on account of conservative and traditional mind-set of the Indian masses. Most of the protagonists of Kapur are women who assert their rights and raise voice against male chauvinism. Nina is one such character who rebels against the exploitation and oppression to assert her individuality.

This paper serves as a platform to discuss and bring out the concept of kernel, separation axiom and continuity of ?gb+ and ?gb+ -closed sets, under the light of simple extension topological spaces.

On the electrodynamics of moving bodies by Albert Einstein is based on Trickeries (Open letter to Professors, Teachers, Researchers and Students of Physics)

Information criterion, KIC, for the model selection based on kullback-leibler risk symmetric by cavanagh, be present for large sample. KIC as an asymptotically unbiased estimator kullback-leibler risk symmetric, is consider divergency between the true model and the candidate model. It is an inconsistent information criterion. All the criteria that exsist based on kullback-leibler risk (symmetric or asymmetric)are inconsistent. In this article based on information criterion KIC is defined consistent information criterion, MIC. This criterion, MIC also is made based on kullbake-leibler symmetric. At the end these two information criteria for linear regression models has been consider by simulation monte carlo.

Ware house Optimization process are based on modern warehousing and multi-optimization models. Modern warehousing become more typical and complex to handle and this paper highlight the role of operational and technical solutions in the development of today warehousing projects Warehousing optimization studies can be undertaken on the basis of its technical structure and operational framework or its controlling system. Present paper reveals the hurdles and complexities of modern warehousing optimization and also focus on remedies to overcome the constraints in optimization of warehouse. Warehouse management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in handling, storage and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers, and customers. The optimal operation of a warehouse is achieved when each customer is satisfied completely and logistic processes are done within a reasonable timeframe with minimum cost and optimal utilization of resources under dynamically changing conditions. This paper also reveal that the effective use of space within the boundary of warehouse provide the basic platform to solve the problems coming across in the warehouse management. The stability of using steel storage racks depend upon solely on the pallet beam to upright connectors and on the stiffness of base plate to floor connection.

The research report is theoretical in nature and underlines how the present energy crisis in Pakistan stems mainly from a failure in governance and the lack of a strongly implemented policy. Pakistan has been undergoing an energy crisis for decades now and it is generally accepted that the present crisis is a problem brought upon the country by the government itself, resulting from prolonged poor management, the lack of proper long-term vision, and inefficient policies. The primary objective of this report is to examine and analyze the problems faced by the power sector in Pakistan. The report will attempt to critically analyze the main reasons behind the current energy crisis despite the seemingly strong commitment of the government and the initiatives already taken to resolve this problem. The most important causes such as circular debt, pricing policy and distribution losses, among others are individually scrutinized to ascertain where the government went wrong. The main questions to be answered are whether the primary reason behind the current energy crisis is the government’s failure to respond effectively to the energy crises or if there are any other significant reasons behind this steadily worsening crisis.

A circuit which accepts two sinusoidal waveforms with phase difference Ø and provides two dc output voltages in which one dc output voltage is proportional to the quadrature component SinØ and the another is proportional to the in phase component CosØ, by position sampling of the reference quadrature waveforms, is described in this letter.

Uterine AVMs are rare complication of gestational trophoblastic disease, with a life-threatening potential as a result of unexplained and torrential bleeding.Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease. PSTT has a wide range of clinical presentations and behaviors. However, few case reports are available about PSTT cases complicated by uterine AVMs.In this report, a PSTT case with evidences of uterine AVM on imaging studies is reported. A 33-year-old patient, gravida 2, para 2 was referred to emergency service, with sever vaginal bleeding and ?-hCG level of 1063 IU/l. Trans-abdominal and trans-vaginal ultrasonography images indicated hypoechoic mass in endometrium with echo-free center with size of 46*33mm that extended to anterior myometrium of uterus. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 38*49mm mass with heterogeneous signal in T1 and T2 in right lateral side of uterus with enhancement after contrast agent injection. In angiography the right uterine artery had serpentine vessels and AVM view. Dilation and curettage was not possible due to risk of sever hemorrhage following damage to the hypervascular lesion. So suction biopsy was performed under hysteroscopic guide, after embolization of uterine artery for stabilization of the patient. The patient underwent laparotomy, total abdominal hysterectomy because of pathological report of PSTT. The patient is in good health with no evidence of disease at follow-up of 18 months after operation.

Quality of life is an amorphous and broad construct concerned with overall well-being in societies. While the term “quality” implies the degree of excellence of a characteristic, different people may value different areas of life, and therefore quality of life means different things to different people .Quality of life’ as any other concept in social science has been defined in a number of ways. In order to know the level of living people in a given geographical area, one has to know the overall consumption types and levels, housing, health, education, social status, employment, affluence, leisure hour, social security and social stability etc. A phenomenal and rapid enhancement in increase of urban population, practically in all major cities has the consequent strain on the prevailing system has manifested in the form of an environmental chaos. The process of urbanization can be owed as main culprit, where in besides bringing higher standard of living, it has also brought severe problems, as growth of dense and unplanned residential areas, environmental pollution, non-availability of services and amenities, solid waste, garbage disposal problems, drinking water problems, traffic menace etc. The study area, Jammu city is passing through a transitional phase of urbanization as lot of changes have been witnessed in last 3 decades. Thus, the present paper tends to assess and evaluate the quality of life and environmental conditions in the study area i.e. Jammu City on the basis of people’s perception.