Archives-December 

Cultural aspects devote a degree of significant importance in translation studies to themselves. This research tries to shed light on three important notions: culture, translation and children's literature (ChL). Translating cultural items has always been a delicate matter for translation scholars; however, translating these items in ChL makes the work more sensitive. The main purpose of the researcher in this study is to focus on the strategies applied by two Persian translators, namely; Hasan Honarmandi and Zoya Pirzaad, when facing CSIs in rendition of the book "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". Having discovered 150 CSIs in the book and having sorted them according to Newmark's five categories for CSIs, the researcher found out that "cultural equivalent" was employed more frequently than the other translation strategies by the translators. Finally, by calculating the number of total strategies applied by the translators, the researcher identified that they were inclined toward domestication rather than foreignization in their translations of the book.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between wages, benefits and employees’ commitment. Many factors can influence employees’ commitment but this research only emphasize on wages and benefits. Wages and benefits will encourage employees to be committed and motivates them to perform better. The more employees are well paid or are paid their expected wages, the more employees are willing to express their dedication to the organization. The wages and benefits will be offered based on the job descriptions and specification of the employees. Through this study, employees’ commitment level can be identified by taking into consideration the wages and benefits that received by employee.

The work is devoted to solution of an actual problem – the problem of relation between geometry and natural sciences. Methodological basis of the method of attack is the unity of formal logic and of rational dialectics. It is shown within the framework of this basis that geometry represents field of natural sciences. Definitions of the basic concepts "point", "line", "straight line", "surface", "plane surface", and “triangle” of the elementary (Euclidean) geometry are formulated. The natural-scientific proof of the parallel axiom (Euclid’s fifth postulate), classification of triangles on the basis of a qualitative (essential) sign, and also material interpretation of Euclid’s, Lobachevski’s, and Riemann’s geometries are proposed.

The research was about “The use of English language in teaching and learning of content subjects in selected schools in kicukiro district–Rwanda: implications, challenges and prospects” The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of that new policy on the quality of teaching and learning, problems that affect teaching learning process, solutions and strategies to enhance the said policy. The researcher had used questionnaires and classroom observations as instruments for data collection, stratified random sampling as sampling procedures. The findings showed that the use of English language as the only medium of instruction policy plays a great impact on the effectiveness of teaching and learning. It enhances the better mastery of English language. It also enhances the teaching learning process. On the other hand, English language used as the only medium of instruction discourages the use of a set of languages like Kinyarwanda, French and Swahili among others. The research highlighted a number of problems facing the implementation of the policy like lack of enough adequate materials like English textbooks and English books for specific purposes, lack of enough background knowledge in English language on the side of the learners and lack of enough qualified teachers. As strategies to enhance the using English language as the only medium of instruction, the results of the study showed that more trainings about using English language policy as the only medium for both primary and secondary school teachers, supply of English language books specific to various areas of study, the use of English language in all school activities should enhance the use of English language as the only medium of instruction.

Communication is a complex phenomenon. The attitude that some students have a natural gift for these skills, while others do not, may impede effective curriculum development. Without specific attention, communication skills may actually deteriorate as student’s progress through training. 1.To develop good relationship ( Rapport ) between students and patient.2.To make the B.P.Th students good communicator and good listener,3.To train the students for verbal and non verbal communication skills. The study is conducted at SKNCOPT, Pune .IV B. P.Th (n=20) students participated in the study. Master’s students participated as observers (n= 4) and ( Sp’s )Standardise patient (n= 5). OSCE Checklist was prepared for COPD and validated from senior faculty members of the institute. And also the station for history taking were prepared. In the interpersonal skills section, the pre values are showing statistically significant 95% confidence interval for difference: 9.336 to 13.33 t = 13.087 with 8 degrees of freedom; P < 0.001, highly significant. In History Taking Pre values showing statistically significant. But post lecture results shows 95% confidence interval for difference: 5.724 to 8.836t = 9.656 with 24 degrees of freedom; P < 0.001 highly significant. Thus the study concludes that the Communication skills have a central role in clinical practice and in treating the patients.

This paper is about vertex transitive graphs and their domination related parameters. In particular we establish that all the vertices of a vertex transitive graph have the property that removal of any vertex from the graph either decreases the value of the parameter or does not change the value of the parameter.

Combined discharge of domestic and tannery waste waters into streams or surface bodies has been witnessed in Vellore district in Tamil Nadu, India where the tannery processes are carried out at small-scale units. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the treatability of combined domestic and tannery waste waters using lab-scale activated sludge reactor under extended aeration. Studies on the efficiency of the activated sludge reactors were carried out by varying the solids retention time of 8, 12 and 16 days with a various hydraulic retention time of 15, 20, 25 and 30 h with an organic loading rate varying from 1.61 to 3.32 kg COD/ m3 / day . The results showed that at the end of 30 h HRT at 16 days SRT with a lower F/M ratio of 0.08 kg BOD/kg MLSS, the maximum reduction of COD was observed to be from 2020 to 175 mg/L. From the bio-kinetic parameters estimation studies, the values of kinetic coefficients are obtained such as the half velocity substrate concentration (Ks), maximum specific growth rate (?max), yield coefficient (Y) , maximum substrate utilization rate (k) and decay coefficient (Kd) as 122 mg/L, 0.224 day-1, 0.539 mg MLSS/mg COD, 0.416 day-1 and 0.088 day-1. The study reveals that the combined domestic and tannery waste water is amenable for treatment using ASP, with treatment efficiency as high as 91% and the bio-kinetics arrived at better stability of the system and enhanced microbial activities at longer HRT and SRT. Also the design values suggest that the extended aeration system is the appropriate activated sludge treatment process for combined domestic and tannery waste water treatment.

The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity of two dimensional flow of a micropolar fluid in a porous channel is investigated. The flow is driven by suction or injection at the channel walls and the micropolar model due to Erigen is used to describe the working fluid. An extension of Berman’s similarity transform is used to reduce the governing equations to get non-linear coupled differential equations. The equations governing the motion, angular momentum and energy are solved numerically by Runga-Kutta shooting technique. The graphs are plotted for velocity distribution, temperature distribution and microrotation distribution for various values of non-dimensional parameters. It is found that the effects of the parameters giving variable property of viscosity and thermal conductivity are significant.

One of the main challenges that the Government of Kenya faces in an effort to achieve Education For All (EFA) is poor girls’ participation in education. In spite of the government’s as well as its partners’ efforts and achievements in ensuring that girls participate in education, the prevailing disparities in the primary, secondary, and university levels in favour of boys are clear indications that there are still gaps to be filled and challenges to be met. There is clearly a need for concerted efforts to achieve higher participation of girls in education at all levels. This study visualized that a formal mentoring program can be a suitable intervention and further found it interesting to establish and report the girls’ perceptions on the suitability of formal mentoring in the enhancement of qualities that are linked to academic success. These girls had participated in a formal mentoring programme prior to this study.

The paper mainly calculates and analyzes the model of Iodine cycle in the human body. The model can be divided into two cases: when the parameter is not certain, it could analyze the deviation of content of iodine in the body and normal; when the parameter is certain, it makes the general form of solution and the method is general and practical.