Archives-December 

GIS assist in specific planning and decision making processes in irrigation through the input, spatial analysis & output of relevant information. The real strength of GIS is its ability to integrate information. This integration power makes the scope of GIS almost infinite. The unique integration capability of GIS allows disparate data sets to be brought together to create a complete picture of a situation. GIS technology illustrates relationships, patterns & connections that are not necessarily obvious in any one data set but are amazingly apparent once the data set are integrated. The GIS based systems helps in selection & fixing of the various canal alignments in a command area. Building Information Modeling(BIM) tools is an intelligent model based process which is very helpful for planning & designing purpose. The cross-section of the canal has been fixed along the final selected alignment by using BIM tools. The aim of this study is to present the applications of GIS techniques along with BIM tools for fixing of the canal alignment and also designing a canal cross-section in Somnala Minor Irrigation Scheme of Gosikhurd Indira Sagar Project.

Various applications, like in underground mines and oil and gas industries, require remote operation of vector-controlled medium-voltage variable speed drives via a long motor feeder. The use of voltage source inverters in such cases leads to motor overvoltage and harmonic quality problems. The current source inverter (CSI) is ideally matched to these applications be-cause of its motor-friendly voltage output. Speed sensorless operation is mandatory due to the long motor feeder. Although the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) is a powerful and proven speed estimation tool, its implementation in long motor feeder drives faces many challenges. Among them, and addressed in this paper, are inherent dc offset in its stator model, the need for actual motor voltage and current values, and oscillations in the estimated speed due to errors in the motor current measurement signals. In this paper, a sensorless CSI vector-controlled drive, suitable for long motor feeder applications, is studied. Improved speed estimation is achieved by proposing 1) a modified dc-offset eliminator for an MRAS speed estimation and 2) a compensation technique for mo-tor current’s measurement errors. Intensive experimental results, for a low-voltage scaled model, along with simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. In this Proposed Control technique of the space vector modulation Technique (SVPWM) is applied to 5 level inverter controls in the proposed DTC_SVPWM based induction motor drive system, thereby dramatically reducing the torque ripple. Then the controller based on space vector modulation is designed to be applied in the control of Induction Motor (IM) with a three-level Inverter. This type of Inverter has Several advantages over the standard Five-level CSI, such as a greater number of levels in the output voltage waveforms, Lower dv/dt, less harmonic distortion in voltage and current waveforms and lower switching frequencies Eliminated By SVPWM Tech. simulation results are reported to demonstrate its effectiveness. The entire control scheme is implemented with Matlab/Simulink.

The study aimed at exploring the strategies used for classroom management at graduation level in National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad. Classroom management is a skill every teacher needs to posses to bring about a positive change in students behavior to learn effectively. The sample of the study was 30 teachers of different departments of National University of Modern languages, whose grades ranges from 18BPS to 19 BPS and professional experiences ranges from 1 to 25 years. A questionnaire was used to collect the data which included 17 closes ended and 3 open ended questions. The study revealed that teachers are using multiple management strategies in the classroom; it also concludes that teachers are aware of the significance of classroom management strategies.

Multiligand homobinuclear complex of Cobalt (II) has been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, FTIR, TA and DSC. The complex has been assigned empirical formula as [Co(Phen.)₂(MEOA)Cl₄]H₂O. Presence of chloride, monoethanolamine ( MEOA), 1,10- phenanthroline (phen.) and metal-metal bond is verified by FTIR absorption peaks.  The appearance of ? (M-O), ? (M-N) and ? (M-O-H) bending mode supports the coordination of monoethanolamine via both oxygen and nitrogen, hence acting as a bidentate bridging ligand between two cobalt (II) centers. The coordination of 1, 10-phenanthroline has been proved by antisymmetric vibrations besides fundamental vibrations of coordinated 1,10-phenanthroline. Thermal kinetics of the complex has been studied by TG and DSC techniques. Thermal analysis shows the expulsion of water molecules in the first step below 150ºC, which verifies the presence of water as lattice water. The thermal analysis has been carried out in nitrogen atmosphere up to 800ºC. Thermograms obtained confirm FTIR data and hence supports the empirical formula. On the basis of thermal data, thermal decomposition mechanism has been proposed for the complex. Thermodynamic parameters like activation energy (E_a), pre-exponential factor (A) and entropy of activation (?S^#) has been calculated for each decomposition step, using Dolye’s, Coats and Redfern and Arrhenius method. The trend of these parameters is found to be same for all the methods involved. The reaction enthalpy is obtained from DSC technique. It shows both exothermic and endothermic peaks. The structure as depicted by empirical and FTIR spectroscopy is also proposed.

Good quality single crystals of a new semi organic Bis p- Nitrophenol Magnesium chloride (BPNPMC) were grown from solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The grown crystal have been confirmed by single crystal X-Ray Diffraction Method. UV -Vis transmission and absorption studies reveals that the grown crystal were optically transparent through the visible range. The vibrational frequencies of various functional groups in the crystals have been derived from Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR). In the dielectric studies, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the crystal were measured as a function of frequency and various temperatures. The optical studies indicate the sample, optical transparency window is quite wide, making it suitable for NLO applications. Micro hardness studies were carried out to confirm the mechanical behavior of the crystal. The second harmonic generation (SHG) test has been confirmed by the Kurtz powder test and its efficiency 1.73 times higher than that of KDP.

This exploratory study investigates the relationship among teacher hope, reflection and efficacy and explores the amount of variability it is predicted to be made by the impact they cause on each other among Iranian ELT Teachers. To this end 100 school and institute ELT teachers answered a set of questionnaires, consisting of Snyder's Adult Trait Hope Scale, Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001) teacher self-efficacy scale (TSES), and Akbari, et al. (2010) teacher reflection instrument. Data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between teacher's hope, reflection and efficacy among Iranian ELT teachers. The results of the multiple regressions also indicated that hope subscales could predict a significant amount of variability in teacher reflection and efficacy components. Also teacher reflection subscales could predict a significant amount of variability in teacher efficacy components and vice versa. The pedagogical implications of the study such as the constructive role of hope, reflection and efficacy in teacher improvement, creation of a teacher hope instrument, and the production of strategies to augment these characteristics in ELT teachers by teacher educators and policymakers are also discussed.

A passive conversion layer was fabricated from C2 solution (with the composition of 5g Cr(III)/ L, compound producing complex 16 g/L, pH = 9) containing nano-silica particles with the content of 5 g/L, on zinc coated samples denoted as M9-5. In this condition, silica particles were dispersed well in the solution with the particles size of about 87 nm. M9-5 samples do not contain a toxic component of Cr(VI) and were significantly reinforced in anti-corrosion ability in comparison to the zinc coated samples. In addition, M9-5 samples have ability to self correct when it is scratched. This ability is the most important property of conversion layer which can reinforce the anti-corrosion property of the samples.

To retain the existing human resource, especially the expert and active ones, is of the main goals of each organization. The management tries to maintain the human resources by increasing their job satisfaction. Lack of attention to employees' job satisfaction leads to numerous problems of the most important is job turnover. Given this fact that most the factors affect the job satisfaction similarly affect the organizational commitment, according to scholars, there exists a significant relationship between them. Accordingly, after reviewing the literature relating to job satisfaction and turnover, the purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave. In doing so, 224 employees of warehouse and logistics of Raazi Petrochemical Company were investigated by distributing the questionnaires and 200 well-qualified ones were returned. Gathered data was analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. Research results indicated that the tested model is goodly fitted to data, and all the four hypotheses were statistically confirmed. In general, results of this study indicated the efficiency of proposed model for decreasing the under-study employees' intention to leave. Finally, some practical and research implications were provided for the statistical population, which can be utilized considering the research limitations.

The study is conducted in order to identify the role of Non-Governmental organizations in community development in Ideato North LGA of Imo State. The objective of the study is to examine the role of non-governmental organizations in community development in Ideato North Local Government Area of Imo State. Three research questions were raised for the study while three hypotheses were formulated. The survey research design was adopted for the study. The population size is 118,519 while the sample size is 100, and to get the sample size, the Taro Yamani formula was used. The questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection. The data collected was subjected to simple validity and reliability tests. The analysis of the data was based on statistical frequency tables, and chi-square x technique was used to test the level of significance. Some of the findings were that non-governmental organization has helped in the rapid community development in Ideato North. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for improvement. Serious efforts were made by the NGO's to bring about a uniform development in the communities in Ideato North LGA of Imo State.

This paper is on the growing importance of Human Resource Information System and High Performance Work System’s perspective for small and medium-sized enterprises. There are a lot of small firms that experience crucial HRIS difficulties, but in the same manner, HPWS also act a main role in developing and sustaining their competitive resources in employee performances. The main focus of this research paper is to explore the different aspects and also analyze barriers which occur during the implementation of its practices as well as study the IT and HPWS approach influence on training and developments, performance management and recruitment. To present a comprehensive literature review of these practices in Pakistani SMEs, we did Qualitative descriptive survey research.