Archives-December 

An efficient approach for producing electricity from the abundant energy of the sun is discussed. The Nantenna Electromagnetic Collectors (NEC) [1] devices target mid-infrared wavelengths, where conventional photovoltaic (PV) solar cells are inefficient and where there is an abundance of solar energy. The initial concept of designing NEC was based on scaling of radio frequency antenna theory. This NEC is basically a Nano antenna which collects the sun radiation and thermal radiation and converts it into electrical signal. The aim is to realize a low-cost device that will collect and convert this radiation into electricity, which will lead to a wide spectrum, high conversion efficiency, and low-cost solution to complement conventional photovoltaic (PV) solar cells.

Zinc oxide nanostructure were successfully synthesized by chemical method and deposited on Al2O3 substrate using PLD. XRD analysis demonstrated that the ZnO nanostructure has a wurtzite structure with orientation of (002). SEM results indicated that by increasing the calcined temperature, the dimension of the ZnO nanostructure increases. The optimum temperature for synthesizing high density ZnO nanostructure was determined to be 1250 K. Room temperature PL spectra of the ZnO nanostructure showed a strong UV emission peak located at around 380 nm and a relatively weak green emission at around 540 nm, confirming that the as-grown nanorods possess good optical properties. The sensitivity of zinc oxide NRs films to 50 ppm vapor NO2 gas as a function of working temperature with different doping.

Hydrazone compounds derived from 2–Amino –5–chlorobenzophenone. The structures of the compounds are purified and characterized by means of TLC, melting point, IR, 1H NMR spectral data. The antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi was studied. The result of preliminary biological tests showed that of these compounds possess biological activaties.

The purpose of this study is to survey the perception of teachers towards headmistress’ leadership dan recognize the level of motivation among teachers in that particular school. This study is modelled in qantitative and descriptive manner which involves 20 randomly chosen teachers in a primary school in Batu Pahat district under a headmistress leadership. Questionaire is used as an instrument to identify the work structure in women leadership, leader’s compassion and teachers’ level of motivation. In this study, descriptive analysis namely mode, min and percentage is used to in study outcomes. The study outcome that on the whole, teachers’ perception towards headmistress leadership in primary school in the district of Batu Pahat is positive ans satisfactory. The min score for all respondents for all items in the questionnaire is 4.07. The value shows basically these respondents have positive and constructive perception towards leadership of a headmistress. Nevertheless, there is a significant association between teachers’ motivation level and perception towards leadership of a headmistress. This verifies that the higher the teachers’ perception towards leadership of a headmistress, the more elevated their level of motivation. This study supports the outcome pertaining general assumption that the leadership style of a headmistress indeed influences teachers’ working motivation level.

The effect of plyometric exercises, to train with weights to gain better record evaluate, and taking into account such things as the specific features of exercise plyometric, which in the short term increase the power and speed of muscle is, and not to get to specific, however, in sports clubs, great importance is given to plyometric exercises, the question arises, do plyometric exercises on land and water, to improve the performance of Taekwondo, is more effective, or common practice Taekwondo performance, effective Trust. This study is quasi-experimental, and the preliminary and final test design (pre-test and post-test), with two experimental and control groups with 24 people. Data, enjoying Spss22, and dependent t-test, were analyzed. Results indicate that all the research hypotheses were confirmed, and the results dependent t-test to check the exercises common of taekwondo and plyometric, water and land-based aerobic capacity Taekwondo, agility Taekwondo, the speed of the Taekwondo, and be anaerobic Taekwondo, respectively, significantly, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.001, impacted, and all the means of the experimental group, in all the research hypotheses, more than the control group, and this suggests that the effect of the exercises common taekwondo and plyometric, on land and water, the is all dependent variables.

With the consideration of minimizing the problem of water pollution, it is necessary to clarify the industrial waste water at the place of its generation point by some chemical or biological treatment method. During present study the low cost material fly ash i.e. the waste of thermal power station which itself produce pollution of environment is used for purpose of water pollution control. Fly ash with specific surface area of 6177.15 cm²/gm is used as a clarifier to the combined waste water of Sugar mill at room temperature. The different dosage of fly ash is kept in contact for 24 hours, then they will analyzed before and after treatment. The results of COD removal follow the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

The National library and Archives of I.R. of Iran (NLAI) that began its computerized cataloguing in 1994 proposed a plan about “IRANMARC”. This new format was based on UNIMARC. In September 2006, the national library began to adopt the format for all library material by using “RASA” software. The aim of establishing the national comprehensive system is to automate the working processes of the deputy for the national library and to store the records related to all library material based on universal standards. The comprehensive system of the national library is based on UNIMARC and IRANMARC. Currently NLAI has presented this format for all library material but the findings of recent researches on IRANMARC format indicated the established MARC format by the NLAI is not totally correct. This article suggests in order to have a homogeneous catalogue for all library material nationally, it is best to take a cautious and more accurate to change. The organization and of course more important than it RASA Committee could regulate wherever was necessary and give throughput to the experts at different levels.

Small air conditioning units are usually used for small and medium scale residential buildings. Therefore, more energy efficiency and lower cost are needed along with reliable control for the air conditioning units. An experimental investigation has been carried out to study the performance of a direct expansion air conditioning unit under abnormal surrounding ambient conditions. To facilitate variation of refrigerant flow rate according to the evaporator load, a suitable thermostatic expansion valve and liquid refrigerant reserve was used. The influence of evaporator airflow and its temperature on the air conditioning unit performance and compressor power consumption has been investigated. The performance of air conditioning unit is simulated using the TRANSYS Simulation Program. The model is validated by real operating data from the system. It has been found that a 14.28 % reduction in compressor power consumption is achieved by decreasing the condenser inlet air temperature from 50 to 35 ºC. The cooling capacity of the evaporator was increased by 32.2 % with decreasing the condenser inlet air temperature from 50 to 35 ºC, Also it was increase by 7.56 % with increasing the evaporator entering air volume flow rate from 300 to 600 m3/hr. It can be concluded that the COP increases by 19.84 % with increasing the condenser inlet air temperature from 50 to 35 ºC. The modeled results of the air conditioner’s COP show agreed well with the corresponding measured data, the uncertainty was within ±11.9 %.

The purpose of present study was to explore and to compare public and private biology teachers’ views about use of audio visual aid in teaching of Biology at secondary school level. The data for the study was collected from secondary schools teachers of biology. The results of present study show that there is a positive relationship between facility of audio-visual aids and the teacher’s attitude. The findings report that secondary schools teachers of biology do realize the importance using audio visual aids in teaching of biology. However, finings reported that teachers of public sectors were more familiar about the importance of use of audio visual aids for teaching of biology than private sector teachers. It was concluded that in public sector school all teachers were trained as only trained teachers were appointed at public sector schools at secondary level. Finding further reported that there were no proper facilities of audio visual aids for biology teaching. Results further inferred that utilization of audio-visual aids in teaching of biology was very effective as it increases the level of interest and enhances motivation for learning in students and the only visual aid available at maximum secondary school was black board.

This work aimed to apply a thermochromatic polymer based on 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) monomer as a temperature sensor. This polymer has specific chemical structure enabling it to vary its color parameters, namely CIE L (brightness), a (red-green) and b (yellow-blue), with the temperature transitions. These color parameters were calculated in accordance to the American standard ASTM number E308-2001. All changes in the temperature were found to be easily tuned with the visual color and the color difference (DE). These changes were found to be recyclable and reversible in the studied temperature range of 25-105^oC with regression factor equals unity.