Archives-December 

Tajikistan is one of the greatest poets and writers Mirza Tarson Zadeh great contribution in the field of literary creation in this part of Persian language and literature is extensive . Tarson Zadeh in 1911. Was born in 1977. He died in Dushanbah . In his works , humanity , equality, prosperity, freedom and patriotism is a special place. Tajik scholar capable of writing not just for artists and writers in contemporary Tajikistan , but all have been worthwhile.

This study focusses on Sex Reassignment Surgery among transgender women. In Chennai Transgender Women are called as Aravanis. Few of them seek the assistance of Health Care Providers while few others get the assistance from Quacks and rest of them get the sex reassignment surgery done by senior Transgender Women. To explore the method adapted for SRS, reasons of undergoing SRS and the reasons for choosing the particular method. In June 2016, 784 Male to Female Transgender enrolled in the CBO - Thozhi, 275 in Transgender Rights Association (TRA) and 282 in Tamil Nadu Aravanigal Association (THAA). A sample size of 299 was taken. As mixed method was used in depth interviews (9) and three focus group discussion (6 respondents in each group) was conducted to collect data qualitative data. Semi structured Interview Schedule was used for quantitative study. Interview guide and Focus Group Discussion Guide was used for qualitative study. It was found that of the 58% of the respondents had undergone SRS and called themselves as Nirvanas. Of the 174 respondents who had undergone SRS, 43 (25%) of them had taken assistance of Senior Transgender Women while 40 of the respondents had SRS done through unqualified persons (quacks). Of the 35 (12%) of the respondents who lived with parents, only two of them were Nirvanas. When compared to Aquas (Transgender Women who have not under gone sex reassignment surgery), more number of Nirvanas were married to males if not had permanent sex partners. The CBOs can assist the respondents to get the necessary documents which are required for SRS. Thaiammas can be trained by PHC doctors for a surgery and also to handle the post-surgery complications. The delay which is government hospitals needs to be addressed. Law enforces should take care of the Quacks. The Tamil Nadu government has taken many steps to assist the Transgender Women. Few government hospitals also perform SRS. But still not all the Transgender Women make use of this facility. The gaps needs to be identified and addressed.

People with disability such as visual impaired and also elderly for whom it's very hard to identify the screen text and area where the keyboard and mouse may not be an appropriate means of communication between systems, it would be a helpful to use voices to navigate and control the computer systems. Microsoft has designed an interface called SAPI (Speech Application Programming Interface) which supports dynamic speech input and output, and is integrated in our current operating systems. In this paper we have described a model which is developed for conversion of multilingual audio into multilingual editable text for continuous speech in offline mode. Automatic Speech Recognition, (ASR) is used that works with Dynamic Time Wrapping (DTW) algorithm. This text will be transmitted and displayed on computer or LCD. Software used is Microsoft Visual Studio. Coding language used is c sharp. Keywords - SAPI, ASR, DTW, Microsoft Visual Studio, C sharp.

The hydatid cyst of the spleen is a rare affection. The location splenic comes in 3rd position after the liver and lungs. In the absence of really effective medical treatment, splenic hydatid disease often leads to surgery. We report the case of a patient with calcified splenic hydatid cyst discovered incidentally and in whom the therapeutic decision was abstention and monitoring.

Selection of feature extraction method is most important factor in achieving high recognition performance in automatic pattern recognition systems. Similarly selection of suitable classifier also plays a very important role for the same. Plenty of feature selection methods and classifiers are existing in computer domain and choice of each of these mainly depends on task in hand. This paper presents an efficient and novel method for recognition of handwritten numerals using bar codes. Handwritten numerals are scan converted to binary images and normalized to a size of 30 x 30 pixels. The features are extracted using barcodes and are classified successfully using the statistical technique.

To specify the types of statistical methods, currently most influencing high-quality surgical research, we systematically reviewed original research articles published in The American Journal of Transplantation, Annals of Surgery, Liver Transplantation and The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. We further aimed to determine complexity of data analysis in these journals. Of 518 papers reviewed, 74.7% (95%CI 70.7-78.4) contained methods of inferential statistics. Most frequently used inferential methods among all journals, were basic contingency table analysis, including c²-tests and Fisher’s exact tests, and methods of survival analysis, with observed frequencies of 39.6% (95%CI 35.3-43.9) and 30.7% (95%CI 26.8-34.9), respectively. Other commonly used procedures were nonparametric techniques and t-tests. Complexity of data analysis was rather sophisticated in The American Journal of Transplantation, Annals of Surgery and Liver Transplantation, with more than 50% of papers using advanced statistical techniques. However, nearly 65% of papers from The American Journal of Pathology were purely descriptive, without any analytical power. Our results indicate that more emphasises should be given to the magnitude of treatment differences and to statistical estimation techniques than to solely rely upon uncritical significance testing. Moreover, authors should be encouraged to further utilize new statistical methodology in their research.

Nanocrystalline PbS thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method by varying synthesis temperatures. The influence of the synthesis temperature on the structure and optical properties of PbS nanostructures were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the PbS nanostructures correspond to the various planes of a single phase cubic PbS. It was observed that the decrease in the synthesis temperature resulted into extra diffraction peaks which may be due to the presence of the impurity phases. The morphological properties of the films are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization. UV-Visible spectroscopy is done to measure the absorption and transparent properties of all the prepared systems. The optical band gap of all the prepared systems is also calculated and correlated with the structural properties.

Hypothetical proteins predicted from nucleic acid and which have not shown any chemical evidence in the genome. In this study, we elaborated the functional and structural molecular model of the hypothetical protein of Trichomoniasis vaginalis. Functional annotation was carried out by using Pfam, SMART, CDD and BLAST. The conceptual three-dimensional structure has been investigated, since there was no structure available in any of the databases. We predicted the structure of hypothetical protein in Trichomonas vaginalis by using the comparative modeling approach. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to characterize its structural and dynamic feature at 10 ns by using the GROMACS. In the end the simulated model was validated with different web servers SAVES, WHAT IF, PorSA, iPAB. We observed this hypothetical protein was involved in asparagine biosynthesis performing catalytic activity. These findings are essential in reducing the gap between the deficiencies of annotation and crucial biosynthetic pathways and may be endorse in relational drug designing of molecules of structure function studies.

Two tetradentate Schiff base ligands, N,N´-bis(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyacetophenone) ethylenediimine (MaenH₂) and N,N´-bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) ethylenediimine(MbenH₂) were formed by 1:2 molar condensation of ethylenediamine with 2-hydroxy-5-methoxyacetophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone respectively. These Schiff base ligands formed complexes (1:1 molar ratio) with Copper, Nickel, Cobalt and Oxovanadium ions. The complexes were characterized by Infrared, Electronic Spectra and elemental analysis. The spectra data of the ligands and their complexes were discussed based on the structural changes which occur due to complexation. The results suggest that the metal is bonded to the ligand through the phenolic oxygen and the imino nitrogen.

An efficient Communication helpful to a nation in emergency conditions is discussed. TETRA standard which has been defined by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute ETSI is a digital mobile radio system for voice and data communication in ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band. The main function of the system is to provide alternative service to private/professional mobile radio (PMR) types of users because it has disadvantages. TETRA system has a robust and professional mobile communication through cell type system which enables digital data transmission. It overcomes the traditional PMR telephony. It helps users that require their communication system to provide instant transmission, high reliability. It is reliable system suitable for use by different people and availability with a set of services designed to accommodate the daily use of the system as well as provide support in extraordinary conditions.