Archives-December 

An efficient VLSI implementation of Adaptive Rank Order Filter (AROF) and Adaptive Median Filter (AMF) is proposed in this paper. Impulse noise is introduced in digital images during image acquisition and transmission. The noise reduction algorithms remove noise without degrading image information. Linear filters tend to blur an image; hence they are not commonly used. Non-linear filters provide more satisfactory results in comparison to linear filters. The proposed paper adapts the filter based on the level of noise intensity in the image. AMF provides better filtering properties than standard median filters for images corrupted with 60% noise density. AROF provides better filtering properties than it is possible with AMF for images corrupted with higher noise densities (>60%). The VLSI architecture for AROF and AMF implements pipelining with parallel processing in order to speed up the filtering process. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Image Enhancement Factor (IEF).

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is defined by the presence of an orifice in the diaphragm, more often left and posterolateral that permits the herniation of abdominal contents into the thorax. The lungs are hypoplastic and have abnormal vessels that cause respiratory insufficiency and persistent pulmonary hypertension with high mortality. The etiology is unknown although clinical, genetic and experimental evidence points to disturbances in the retinoid-signaling pathway during organogenesis. Chronic respiratory tract disease, neurodevelopmental problems, neuro-sensorial hearing loss and gastro-esophageal reflux are common problems in survivors. Much more research on several aspects of this severe condition is necessary.

Müllerian Agenesis (MA) has been estimated to affect 1 in 4,000 to 5,000 women. Considered to be sporadic, it is a rare congenital disorder of the female reproductive system depicted by the absence of the uterus, cervix and/or upper 1/5th portion of the vagina. Its embryological basis is as a result of failure in the development of the Müllerian (Paramesonephric) ducts and thus, failure of fusion between the Caudal vertical parts of these ducts bilaterally, to form the aforementioned reproductive structures. It has been linked to possible genetic relations, nonetheless, more this article will address in depth the clinical significance and possible causes of this disorder.

For providing security,password is important factor. Now a day in any field security is essential.The textual password is the most common password but the textual password has several issues.The new password scheme is introduced in which images are used as a password known as Graphical password.In this paper, a new password scheme is developed which combines recognition based schemes.In this scheme three levels of security is provided.

The aim of this paper is to establish a fixed point theorem for non-self mappings by using the Meir and Keeler (£, delta) type contraction condition. Our result generalizes completely or partially the result due to Meir and Keeler [5], Rhoades [10] and others.

Verbal communication is temporal and easily forgotten, but written reports exist for long periods and yield long-term benefits for the author and others. Individual scientists and groups of researchers perform experiments to test hypotheses about biological phenomena. After experiments are completed and duplicated, researchers attempt to persuade others to accept or reject their hypotheses by presenting the data and their interpretations. The report or the scientific paper is the vehicle of persuasion; when it is published, it is available to other scientists for review. This model of technical report in biology therefore looks into the right way in putting the reports together in a way that is acceptable to other researchers and readers.

Reliable accelerator operation requires control system with higher level of automation, flexibility, robustness, and optimisation. In this paper a multi-agent system based control scheme is presented for optimal control of accelerator system that improves the plant performance in wide-range of operations. The multi-agent based control schemes for accelerators have been reported in literature. But the scheme proposed in this paper differs significantly form the existing schemes. In this work the agent architecture is formulated based on the control requirements of pre-injector accelerator subsystem (Microtron in particular) and transport line of synchrotron radiation sources. The scheme consists of two software agents at supervisory level that work in an autonomous manner for the optimized control of dynamic system. The Microtron agent architecture augments model assisted adaptive controller for realizing feedback control action at lower layer and goal based logic controller with pre-structure model identifier along with the pattern recognizer at supervisory layer. The TL-1 agent has a model-based, goal-based modular architecture and optimizes the TL-1 control using differential evolution based algorithm. The simulation results of applying this scheme to model of Microtron and Transport Line-1 of INDUS complex shows that this approach is very effective in optimizing the Microtron and TL-1 tuning.

High speed research in communication trends demands high data rates with reliable transmission system and has thus led to many new emerging modulation techniques. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most promising technologies for high data rate wireless communications due to its robustness, high spectral efficiency, frequency selective fading, and low computational complexity and easy implementation of Very Large Scale Integrated technology (VLSI) now. Because the OFDM system effectively provides numerous parallel narrowband channels, OFDM is considered a key technology in emerging high-data rate systems such as 4G, IEEE 802.16, and IEEE 802.11n. But there is one main disadvantage of OFDM that is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitter’s output signal on different antennas. High Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) for OFDM system is still a demanding area and difficult issue. By now, for reducing PAPR, numerous techniques have been recommended. In this paper the embedded technique which is a combination of Selective level Mapping (SLM), square root and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based PAPR reduction technique has been analyzed and discussed. The results have been verified in terms of various graphs and plots and have been compared with earlier results. The performance comparison of the proposed scheme with conventional technique has also been presented in the paper.

The elevation of the cytoplasmic calcium concentration is a central step in many intracellular signal transduction pathways. It is also observed in various systems that calcium signals can also mediate intracellular communication by eliciting and coordinating calcium signals in surrounding cells, for example, in the liver and the astrocytes network of the central nervous system. In view of above mathematical model of calcium signaling process in the presence of excess buffer has been developed for a one dimensional unsteady state case. This model incorporates important physical and physiological parameters like dissociation rate, diffusion rate, total buffer concentration and influx. The finite difference method has been employed to predict [Ca2+] and buffer concentration time course regardless of the calcium influx. The comparative study of the effect of the excess buffered diffusion and kinetic parameters of the model on the concentration time course have been performed.

Loyalty to the brand is very important subject from marketing strategy perspective, especially as current markets are marked by its passing through a so high mature phase and intensive competition, whereas keeping the customers loyal to the brand is very crucial for the survival and continuity of the organization. Brand-loyal consumers may be willing to pay more for a brand. This strategy considered a more effective and efficient way than attracting a new customer. Similarly, brand loyalty leads to greater market share when the same brand is repeatedly purchased by loyal consumers consequently; the brand is the sole distinguishing factor among competing and similar products. Hence a study is made on brand loyalty of Hair oil among college students.