Archives-December 

A study on the DC performance of Nano Quantum Dot Transistor under illumination is presented. A device structure consist of Quantum Dots(QD) in the GaAs layer is considered for illumination. The photoconductive effect in the GaAs and QD layer which increases the 2DEG Channel electron concentration is considered. The I-V Characteristics of Quantum Dot Transistor, under dark and illumination condition have been calculated, plotted and discussed.

Diurnal fluctuations cannot penetrate at certain depth of ground. Ground at this depth gives stable thermal environment. Utilizing the soil for heat dissipation purpose, ETHE (Earth Tube Heat Exchanger) system was designed and developed for a typical space in closed loop mode for storage of high value seeds maintaining RH in addition to cooling the air. Seed storage structure based on ETHE of 54 m3 was constructed as per design calculations. ETHE was made of PVC pipe 0.16 m outer diameter and 42 m in length, buried 2.7 m deep below soil surface in loop mode. Different seeds were stored in storage structure. Seed storage studies under ETHE indicated higher germination compared to ambient condition storage. However, there was no appreciable change in vigor index. The average relative humidity inside was relatively stable and temperature was considerably different as compared to ambient over the entire year. The work of ETHE was in heating mode from mid July to November and in cooling mode from November to mid July.

This paper presents a novel method for early detection of forming a Tumor i.e. Micro-calcifications in Mammograms. The main objective of this paper is to segment and detect the Micro-calcification (MCCs) from Digital mammograms that helps to provide and support for clinical decision to perform biopsy of the breast. In this paper, there are two aspects. First is to enhance the image by using Mathematical Morphology and denoise by Wavelet Transform and segmentation and detection of Micro-calcifications using Spot detection. Second is to extract texture based features by using Gabor filters from the segmented image and finally classify it by using Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) classifier. The Mammogram database consist of 154 images, in which 90 images are taken for training the Probabilistic neural network and 64 images are used for testing purpose.

Current study is carried out to look at the deterinmants of profitablity in insurance sector of Pakistan with a panel data set of 31 insurance firms (life insurance sector and no-life insurance) of Pakitan from 2006-2011. To investigete the deterinmants of profitabiltiy two most applicable panel data teachniques (fixed effects and random effects models) are employed and then Hausman’s specification test is applied to select the most effective model. This test proves that fixed effects model is the most appropriated model for this study. The outcomes of fixed effects model propose that leverage, size, earnings voalitiy and age of the firm are signficant determinants of profitablitiy while growth opportunities and liquidty are not significant determinants of peorfitabiltiy. Accordign to best knowledge of authors this is frist study that covers the whole fiancial sector and emoply the appropriate models on the panel data. This study is very handy for the mangement of insurance sector of Pakistan in regarding their profitabilty decsions and stakeholders of insurance sector.

The river Cauvery is one of the major perennial river in the peninsular India, which originates at Talakaveri of Brahmagiri Hills of Western Ghat in Coorg District, Karnataka and flows eastwards through Tamil Nadu state and enter into Bay of Bengal. It runs a distance of about 1170 km with many tributaries and distributaries. Which carries a large amount of nutrient and probably promotes species richness both racially and individually. The Grand Anaicut and Lower Anaicut are the main distributaries of Cauvery deltaic regions of Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Cuddalore and Nagapattinam districts. In view of large volume of nutrients and water availability. The productivity of water is significant and therefore the prawns are diverse. In the present study 12 species of prawns which are commercially and ecologically important have been identified. They are Macrobrachium malcolmsonii, M. aemulum, M. nobilii, M. australe, M. rude, M. lamarrei, M. scabriculum, M. indicum, M. dolichodactylus, Caridina nilotica, C. gracilipes and C. gracilirostris. The present study significant to the presence of commercially important and ecologically important populations available in the Grand Anaicut and Lower Anaicut regions of river Cauvery. The prawns of the river Cauvery are documented.

Diverticulum of the man urethra (DMU) is a rare clinical entity. It is characterized by a separate saccular dilatation that communicates with the urethra, the origin is essentially gained. The authors report a clinical case of diverticulum of the man urethra acquired after endoscopic internal urethrotomy for urethral strictures. The suspected diagnosis was confirmed by retrograde and voiding urethrocystography as well as urethrocystoscopy. The treatment consisted of excision of the diverticulum with reduction urethroplasty. Epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects are reviewed.

We are very happy to announce that from 9th September 2016, Dr. Gita Rani has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Chemistry. Dr. Gita Rani working as Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Barnala Road, Sirsa, 125055, Haryana, India. The appointment of Dr. Gita Rani as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

BCI (Brain Computer Interface) roles as a machine that provides direct communication between brain and computer. These kinds of machines can help people with physical disability, does their daily tasks as well as healthy people. In these machines, the brain signals are recorded from the scalp and will be prepared for analyzing in three steps of preprocessing, feature selection and classification that what kinds of tasks have been imagined. In BCI applications a big challenge is to improve classification accuracy in parallel with the computation time. In this paper, in preprocessing level we filtered the samples of each electrode with band pass digital Butterworth filter with cutoff frequency of 0.5 to 30 HZ. In the next level, the features are extracted from some famous fractal dimension estimation of the signal. These fractal features are Katz and Higuchi. In the classification stage we used ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) classifier and compared it with three strong classifiers as FKNN (Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbors), LDA (Linear Discriminate Analysis) and SVM (Support Vector Machine). We found ANFIS with Higuchi fractal features has the most classification accuracy (88%) among other investigated methods, but its speed is rather low among them.

Effect of chemical reaction on free convection MHD flow through a porous medium bounded by vertical surface is studied here. The governing equations involved in the present analysis are solved by the two-term perturbation method. The velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction and Nusselt number are studied for different parameters like thermal Grash of number, mass Grash of number, Schmidt number, magnetic field parameter, Permeability parameter, Prandtl number, Eckert number and chemical reaction parameter.

A primarily diagnostic tool for cardiovascular diseases ECG , a non invasive technique generally used during acquisition and transportation. Noises like channel noise, baseline wander noise, muscle artifacts, electrode motion, often embedded with ECG signal. In this paper a methology to overcome from channel noise embedded during the transportation of ECG signal, proposed in this methodology DFT of noisy ECG signal calculated using fast fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The experimental result demonstrate the proposed method is superior to other with higher SNR and lower RMSE factor, performance comparison at 1.25 dB is demonstrated. Keyword: ECG, Channel noise, Gaussian function, FFT, Wavelet transform, S-Transform.