Archives-December 

In recent years,tribal livelihood has encountered various problems due to economic-social changes in the country,droughts,lack of water and loss of pastures. The purpose of this research is survey of economy and tribal livelihood by emphasis on Qlkhany tribe in sarpolezahab city.the method of the research has been documentary,library and field study.in analysis of data used Excel and Spss software.research population was 270 households of Qlkhany tribe that migrate to sarpolezahab city in winter season.from this households 100 family chose as sample.the purpose of this research was survey of economy and Qlkhany tribe livelihood.the result of this research indicates economic situation of Qlkhany tribe is not good and they are a poor tribal community economically.the rate of life satisfaction is average and the number of livestock is declining due to drought and economic hardship.the men have left the jobs and they engage to worker and pastoral in the surrounding villages and towns.

The focus of this study was to examine the effect of the Millennium Village Primary School Meal Project on enrolment rate and attendance of pupils in public primary schools in Yala Division, Siaya County, Kenya. The evaluation used both ex-post facto and case study research designs. The mixed methods was adopted because when both qualitative and quantitative designs are used in the same study, the strengths of both produce a research synergy in which the whole collective benefits are greater than what is obtained from either designs alone. A sample size of 179 respondents was selected using purposive sampling as well as stratified random sampling procedures. The respondents included the Area Education Officer (AEO), head teachers, other teachers, pupils, project staff and the parents through the Parents Teachers Association (PTA) membership. The instruments of data collection used in the study included questionnaires, interview guide, document analysis guide, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guide as well as observation guide. The findings indicate that the project had significantly contributed to increased pupils enrollment as well as retention rates. In order to increase its visibility as well as sustainability, the study recommends that there is need for financial support from the government as well as capacity-building the parents on the project related activities like the tendering process so that they may participate and in the process ensure project sustainability.

The aim of this study was to examine energy use pattern and predict the output energy for dry wheat production in Silakhor plain from Lorestan province of Iran. The data used in this study were collected from farmers by using a face to face survey. The results revealed that chemical fertilizer with seed and diesel fuel have consumed 57.93% and 36.58% of total energy, respectively. In this study, several direct and indirect factors have been identified to create an artificial neural networks (ANN) model to predict output energy for dry wheat production. The final model can predict output energy based on human power, machinery, diesel fuel, chemical fertilizer with seed and transportation. The results of ANNs analyze showed that the (5-10-10-1)-MLP, namely, a network having ten neurons in the first and second hidden layer was the best-suited model estimating the output energy. For this topology, MSE and R2 were 0.029 and 90%, respectively. The sensitivity analysis of input parameters on output showed that chemical fertilizer with seed and human power had the highest and lowest sensitivity on output energy with 0.21and 0.03, respectively.

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless cable replacement technology. The Bluetooth Security Architecture is susceptible to a number of attacks such as exhaustive search of short PINs, man-in-the middle attack and denial-of-service attacks. These attacks are made possible by weaknesses exploited in the PIN code, the system of key distribution and the handling of requests from malicious users. This paper also introduces some possible additional security measures which could be implemented to strengthen the overall security architecture of Bluetooth enabled devices.

The dispersion of a solute in an annulus modeling blood as Herschel-Bulkley fluid is studied by using the generalized dispersion model. The impact of the presence of catheter and the non- Newtonian nature of blood is studied. It is observed that the yield stress and presence of catheter inhibit the rate of dispersion. The dispersion coefficient is found to be dependent on the yield stress of the fluid, the power law index of the fluid and the annular gap. The steady state value of dispersion is found to decrease in the order Newtonian, Bingham, Power law and Herschel-Bulkley fluids consecutively. The results of this model can be applied to understand the role played by the size of the catheter on the process of dispersion in a catheterized artery. A comparison of the dispersion coefficient and concentration has been made in the Newtonian, Bingham, Power law and Herschel-Bulkley fluids

The torque of the continuously variable transmission system with friction drive mechanism is transmitted by contacting roller with input and output disks. For the higher transmitted torque, it is necessary to apply large load in order to get higher friction force, which in turn generates severe high stress on the contact surfaces of roller and disks. The ‘Toroidal’ type CVT system has simple component arrays that have three contact points between roller and each input or output disk to get the torque transmitted. This work documents a successfully developed experimental model of a ‘Toroidal’ continuously variable transmission (CVT) by adjusting its geometrical configuration of CVT design and compared the experimental results of speed, torque and power delivered at the output disc with those obtained by a theoretical.

Nowadays, in addition to human, economic and physical capital, social capital is another name that has been considered in economic and social surveys. Social capital like concepts such as physical and human capital (the tools and trainings that enhance individual productivity), refers to the social organization features such as networks, norms and trust which facilitate the coordination and cooperation to achieve mutual benefit. The purpose of this study is to predict students' social capital based on sociological variables. Therefore, in this study we sought to answer the question, what is the relationship between sociological variables and social capital? Methodology in the present research is surveys and data collection is questionnaire and a sample of 400 young people from rural areas Shiraz city have been studied by using multi-stage sampling method. The findings suggest that there is a significant relationship between variables such as urban areas, use of mass media, social-economic base, gender, marital status with social capital of young people.

Health Insurance can be broadly defined as a financial mechanism that exists to provide protection to individual and house holds from expenses incurred as a result of unexpected illness or injury. Under this mechanism, the insurer agrees to compensate or guarantee the insured person against loss by specified contingent event and provide financial coverage for which the insured party pays a premium.

Menopause is associated with a large number of symptoms ranging from physical to psychological. These symptoms may unfavorably affect oral health and treatment needs requiring dentists to be aware of the symptoms and health care needs of peri-menopausal/menopausal/postmenopausal women. After menopause, women become more susceptible to periodontal disease. Various internets based popular search engines were used to explore related data from literature, which includes PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane, Google, Medknow, Ebsco, Science Direct, and IndMed. Upon compilation of relevant data, it was observed that periodontal health is most severely affected (up to 60%) followed by dry mouth (25%) and burning mouth (glossodynia; 15%) which, in turn, may increase the occurrence of oral mucosal and dental diseases, such as candidiasis. We believe the problem is due in large part to estrogen deficiency with resulting bone loss and inflammatory processes. Osteoporosis and periodontal disease are best diagnosed early so that treatment can be started sooner and fractures and tooth loss can be prevented.

Workforce diversity is the simplest way that gives three types of outcomes any organization which is quality, quantity and social integration. As the theories shows, by different experts like Sociotechnical theory (Kolodny & Kiggundu, 1980; Trist & Bamforth, 1951), group process and productivity theory (Steiner, 1972), input–process–output models (Gladstein, 1984; Hackman & Morris, 1975; McGrath, 1984). Work force diversity includes different demographic factors like age, gender, experience and educational background. Different theories are given by different experts on these factors. In diversity difference of gender leads to high conflicts in group works. High level management teams with greater age diversity were less likely to engage in agreement-seeking behaviors that could result in reaching strategic consensus. Educational background is main factor in diversity. Employees are come from different regions only the education is the main thing that leads him in a proper way to work as an employee in an organization. And at the end leadership is only the way to handle the diversity in the organization. Only an expert leader can lead his work force through motivation and other ways like training and development of employees to work as a member of the organization. So a leader should have the both styles transactional and transformer. In simple words we can say workforce diversity and good leadership can work better for the enhancement of the organization.