Archives-February 2016

The combination of Casting and Powder Metallurgy can promote refined and more uniform microstructures which can result in improved properties and higher isotropy of material. The potential of such blending can be studied by using three important processes viz. Osprey Process, Ceracon Process and Slip Casting Process. These processes can be compared on the basis of microstructure, Austenitizing temperature, and Hardness with Scanning electron microscopy and can be related with conventional processes of manufacturing.

This work is devoted to see how the phosphors concentration (N_P) effect on the band gap value in Light Dependent resistance (LDR) doped with phosphors. This effect is studied using visible light. The variation of the band gap with the different concentration is also studied in this work. In this work the dependence of the band gap on the phosphors concentration (N_P) and the magnetic field is discussed. We show that the gap width decreases with magnetic field approaching the critical value. The decrease in gap width has been calculated for (7 samples) Light Dependent Resistance (LDR) with different concentration ( N_P ) . From our results we found that the band gap in the light dependent resistance (LDR) doped with phosphors (P) depends not only on the donor’s concentration but also on the magnetic field, and the wave lengths of the visible light. The result of this work should provide useful guidance for the optical absorption in semiconductors.

Paper is aimed to present information about the relationship of all three concepts namely corporate governance, business ethics and corporate social responsibility will be analyzed in an effort to identify and discuss their linkages to modern management implications.

There has been an increasing interest in organization theory field towards network theory and methodology during the recent years. Most important journals in this field published a special issue concerning the organizational networks. Social embeddedness theory of Granovetter (1985) can be seen as a milestone for the widespread usage of social network methodology in the field of economics and management. Network research methodology has gained importance to measure the social capital of the organizations (Bordieu, 1983 and Coleman, 1988) for understanding institutional effects in an organizational field (DiMaggio and Powell, 1983; Galaskiewicz and Wasserman, 1989) and to map resource dependency relations between organizations (Pfefer and Salancik, 1978). Networks research methodology can also be used to determine some micro issues in organizations like coalition groups, cliques, social capital formation tendency of the actors.

There has been an increasing interest in unionization and decrease in union membership both for blue and white collar workers during the recent years in all over the world. For quite some time, public employment remains the largest group of union membership. However, this seems to be changing due to recent developments in professional workers’ demand for unionization mostly via professional associations, although ”not surprisingly, professionals and managerial personnel have been less likely to approve of labor unions and exhibit less confidence in organized labor and labor leaders than blue-collar workers (Brint, 1985)”. This paper attempts to shed light on what we know and don’t know about new trends in unionization and unionization among professionals. Paper mainly includes 4 sections. It starts with the introduction and in that part unionization is broadly defined. In the first section, unions’ historical development will also be investigated. More importantly, paper will try to answer what it means to be a career person and professional employee in the 21st century business world. These trends will be analyzed in three regions which are Europe, Asia and U.S.A. In section 2, theoretical roots in other words literature review on the subject will be presented. Causes of general decline will be explained and unionization among professionals such as teachers, professors, engineers, librarians, accountants and lawyers et cetera will be discussed in detail. In section 3, after explaining the historical development, unionization among professionals in Turkey will be brought up for discussion and comparison with these 3 regions. Section 4 will include unionization industry foresight for 2025, further research, discussion and conclusion. Besides giving insight about unionization in Turkey for comparison purposes between different regions of the world, the purpose of this paper is to provide information for the potential researchers about basic aspects of new trends in unionization and professionals’ attitudes and behaviors toward unions.

This work has been done with using of polyproplyen (pp) as a matrix, which reinforced with fibers glass (glass fiber short , glass fiber woving roving , and glass fiber short +, glass fiber woving roving ). The research also studies the Mechanical properties (Creep- Impact ) of the Samples with the same volume fraction (30%) and comparing the results.These tests are carried out on samples under the influence of normal conditions room temperature (23+3oC) and after immersion of all samples in the chemical solutions (KOH-HCL- NaCO3). The normality for all these chemical solutions is 0.5. The results showed when time immersion increase these properties are decreased, which indicates the negative effects of these chemical solutions on the mechanical properties. Tests showed that the results of the values of each of the creep resistance and impact increases after immersion in chemical solutions, and that the solution KOH is more influential. Results show that samples of blend reinforced [PP + f.g (w.r+r)] possess better creep resistance, and sample of [PP+f.g (w-r)] possess better impact resistance at all conditions tests (room temperature and after immersion in chemical solutions).

Bat guano is an old faecal matter of bat was collected from the old temples located in the rim of Lonar crater of Lonar, Buldana District, Maharashtra (India). It is known for the degradation of pollutants. The sugar factory effluent has the characteristics of hardness due to the presence of Ca++ and Mg++. In the present study an attempt has been made to employ the Bat guano to reduce the hardness of the reclaimed water from sugar factory. There was a significant decrease of hardness against controls. There were 10.47, 14.82, 22.63 and 31.88% reduction at the interval of 10, 20, 30, 40 days in the water after application of Bat guano. The results are discussed with hardness pollution reduction. Our investigation indicates that bat guano used for degradation of water pollutants and bioremediation of aquatic ecosystem and also for waste water treatments.

Thevetia Nerrifolia and Jathropha Curcas seed oils were extracted from their oil seeds by soxhlet extraction using petroleum ether (40-60 oC) as solvent. The oils were characterized and the oil yield, refractive index acid value, saponification value, iodine value, colour and relative density were found to be 47.77%, 1.464, 4.365 (mg/KOH), 125.62 (mg/KOH), 98.48 (wij), 4+ and 0.926 for Thevetia Nerrifolia seed oil and 46.56%, 1.496, 33.65 (mg/KOH), 175.12 (mg/KOH) 105.43 (Wij), 3 and 0.913 for Jathropha Curcas seed oil respectively. Dimer acids were prepared from these seed oils by heating 200g of each of the oils under nitrogen inert atmosphere in a four necked resin kettle at a temperature of 300oC for 12 hours. The Dimer acids were thenreacted with 1,2- phenylenediamine at 210 ± 10oC in an inert atmosphere for 2 hours to give a fatty polyamide of Thevetia Nerrifolia and Jathropha Curcas respectively. Analysis of the fatty polyamide in term of physicochemical properties shows that their properties compare favourably with those prepared from dimer acids from well known vegetable oils in the fatty polyamidesynthesis.

This paper tests the effect of authentic leadership on gender directly. ``Authentic leaders know who they are, what they believe and value, and . . . act upon those values and beliefs while transparently interacting with others (Avolio, Gardner, Walumbwa, Luthans, & May, 2004, p. 803). `` Theorists accept that this self-aware, value-oriented behavior automatically produces positive outcomes in followers’ attitudes, behavior, and performance by acting via mediational processes that inherit followers’ trust, hope, and other positive emotions (Avolio et al., 2004). The aim of this perspective article is to present the argument that authentic leadership is a gendered representation of leadership. It is first presented a brief history of leadership theories and definitions of authentic leadership. Then critique authentic leadership and offer arguments to support the premise that authentic leadership is not gender-neutral and is especially challenging for women. This paper attempts to shed light on what we know and don’t know about authentic leadership. Paper mainly includes 4 sections. It starts with the introduction and in that part authentic leadership is broadly defined. In section 2, theoretical roots in other words literature review on the subject will be presented. Causes of effects on gender will be explained and authentic leadership et cetera will be discussed in detail. In addition to these, model will be presented based on traditional leadership theories and positive leadership theories. In section 3, after explaining the gender differences among authentic leadership, insight will be brought up for discussion and comparison with these 2 different groups. Section 4 will include further research, discussion and conclusion. Besides giving insight about authentic leadership for comparison purposes between different genders, the purpose of this paper is to provide information for the potential researchers about basic aspects of authentic leadership.

LiMn2O4 has been explored as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries. The usual method to produce LiMn2O4 has been the solid state reaction process. We report the synthesis of spinel phase lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) nanoparticles through a template-free starch-glycine assisted solution combustion synthesis (SCS). The method is a single step method. The resultant powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques, which were studied in details to observe the structural and electrochemical properties.