Archives-J 

Concrete is the most extensively used construction material. Despite the rising cost of production, the demand for concrete is increasing. The negative consequences of the increasing demand for concrete include depletion of aggregate deposits, environmental degradation and ecological imbalance. Recently river sand mining was banned. To this effect, the work is carried out to study the prospects of the uses of manufactured sand (M-sand) in our country. In this present experimental investigation M20 and M25 concrete is used as control mix with M-sand in various percentages. Strength of M-sand concrete is compared with normal concrete. The results show that the significant improvement in the strength of the M-sand concrete. 

An experiment was conducted in August 2011 using air cooler type BF3 size 2500 m3/ h have motor works with two speeds. Researcher add another water pump to work with the first water pump in order to increase the amount of water drop over pads. Water consumption (liters / hour), the internal temperature°C, external temperature°C ,the temperature of the cooling water in the bottom of the cooler°C, electrical consumption (A), and cooling efficiency were studied in this experiment. The result showed that add another water pump has highly significant effect on cooling efficiency (F1, 19 =15.98, p value = 0.0018). Furthermore, add another water pump has highly significant effect on inside temperature (19, 1=58.37, P value < 0.0001) which improve the performance of air cooler. In addition, there was a highly significant effect on water consumptions (19, 1= 26.16, P value =0.0003), which is normally add another water pump mean more water will consume that because allow to the pad to become more saturation as well as don’t left any dry spot in the pad. The only sources of the air that inter to the building will be through the wet pad, and any dry spot in the pad will allow to the hot air to pass through it that will add more heat to building. Just the time play an important role on water temperate there was highly significant effect (19, 4= 50.25, P value = <.0001), because temperature afternoon is higher than in the morning or at night that will causes increase water temperature of the air cooler.

The FTIR spectrum shows that the carbonyl group of L-Leucine, L-Glutamic acid and L-Tyrosine interact with 2-aminopydine through N—H?O hydrogen bonding. 2-aminopyridine protonated and L-amino acids deprotonated during the reaction, resulting in the formation of 2-aminopyridiniumleucinate, bis2-aminopyridinium glutamate and 2-aminopyridiniumtyrosinate co-crystals. The UV-Vis spectrum shows that the molecules are closely packed and undergoes n??^* transition in all these three co-crystal and the cut off wavelength value indicate that bis2-aminopyridinium glutamate and 2-aminopyridiniumtyrosinate co-crystals have Non-linear optical property compared to 2-aminopyridiniumleucinate crystals. The cell parameter calculated from powder XRD pattern.

This study was designed to investigate the teachers’ attitude towards teamwork and its relationship with their research output at university level. It was focused on the teachers’ attitude towards teamwork and research output. Depending upon the nature of the problem descriptive survey design and correlation research design were used. A sample of the teachers at University level was surveyed through questionnaire. The first part of questionnaire was adapted from the research work of Kirkman & Shapiro in 2001 and Ulloa & Adam in 2004 and second part of this questionnaire was adapted from the research work of De Witte and Rogge in 2010. Total 304 male and female teachers were taken as sample of the study. Convenience sampling technique was carried out and the findings of this study indicate that there was a positive relationship among individualism, trust in co-worker, skill utilization, team personality, resistance towards teamwork, communication and coordination due to high level of trust, communication and coordination among the teachers in a teamwork but due to lack of trust and work avoidance attitude among them teachers show a negative correlation between teachers’ attitude towards teamwork and their research output.

The action research was conducted to determine the effect of case-based teaching-learning on students’ analytical thinking experimented with the final year Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) students, Gedu College of Business Studies, Royal University of Bhutan. The study was conducted between July and December, the Autumn Semester of 2020. There were 38 students in total who studied HRM307 Industrial Relations as their fifth major module for Human Resource Management group. Based on the survey conducted towards the end of the completion of module where 33 students participated, their opinion that the ‘case-based teaching-learning have improved’ analytical thinking stands at the mean value of 3.4 (out of 5). This indicates that the case-based teaching-learning intervention effect their analytical skills. The comparative study on the scores of assignment was also conducted. Although the mean score of the first assignment and the second assignment does not show significant difference, the average score of the first assignment and the third assignment has a statistically significant difference. This was confirmed through the paired sample t-test. Thus, it can be concluded that when the case intervention was prolonged over a period of time, it positively impacted students’ enhancement of analytical thinking.

The paper looks at some issues in vocabulary teaching in L2 situation. Such issues include learner’s vocabulary size for both productive and receptive use of L2, basic vocabulary skills, techniques and procedures for vocabulary teaching.

Team spirit begins with vibrant leadership, individual good inter-relationships, resulting in a cordial, cooperative relationship binding the team members together with inspiration, understanding and vision, of ‘smart’ (specific, motivating, ambitious, realistic and time-bound) goals. The team spirit prevails in the mind of each and every one solely because of the exuberant, far-sighted leadership and equally excited team members, who are all wholly bent upon achieving the goals within deadlines.

Mobile Agent is an alternate strategy to compose a dignified distributed system. Mobile agent is a program that can transform one host to another host at time in places of their choices (Jump and Go). The comparison between the Mobile Agent platforms Grasshopper and JAMES Framework as a suitable architecture for distributed system. A comparison is made and a categorization is made based on the performance of the James and Grasshopper mobile agents, with an emphasis on the James and Grasshopper framework as a viable architecture for distributed systems for multi-agent organizations. The purpose of this research is to compare and contrast mobile agent platforms.

Kurdistan area as a of Iran country has an important role in the economy , security and production . Author studies the education and social services situation in this area that includes provinces that they mostly speak Kurdish language. The development pundits believe that expert manpower has a main role in the country development .Population is a symbol of country development. According to these ideas ,the author is searched the role and structure of population in the country and Kurdistan. And using the library research , author studied the migration , marital and engagement situation based on population. And comparing to the world and country and there were significant results. According to these results : based on 2011 census the population was 75149696 people in Iran that in that time the population of Kurdistan was 7077047 people. The population growth in the country was 1.29 and in Kurdistan it was .81 ( less than one percent ). The rural population growth was -.63 in the country and in Kurdistan it was - 1.39 while the urban population growth was 2.14 in the country and in Kurdistan it was 2.05 percent .In this year the population density in the country was 46 people and in Kurdistan it was 60 people . About population structure , the country and Kurdistan situation were nearly the same. And the age group 14 years old in the country was 23.4 percent and in Kurdistan it was 23.5 percent .The age group 15 to 64 years old was 70.9 percent in the country and in Kurdistan it was 71.55 percent and the age group 65 and more was 5.7 percent in the country and it was 5.4 percent in Kurdistan . The most important part of this study is about marriage and migration in 2011 that the marriage rate was 9 percent in the country and it was 9.9 percent in Kurdistan . Also , divorce percent was 1.4 in the country and in Kurdistan it was 1.3 percent . It means that in Kurdistan area the marriage percent is high and it has the least percent for divorce.In the part of migration , Kurdistan has 8.41 percent migration . The most reasons for migration are to find a better job. According to the results in Kurdistan area we have problem about population growth . According to Kurdistan potentials for producing protein , dairy and agricultural – garden productions we can provide a good condition to population growth in the rural area of Kurdistan by suitable investment. Also, we can decrease migration in the area .And the family living pattern that effect on family relationship can be studied by social researchers to decrease divorce and family disconnection.

It is necessary to study the effect of different levels of utilization and Long-term exclusion grazing on the ecological structure in rangelands to better manage in the future. Therefore in this study, production, canopy cover, density, frequency and vitality of Artemisia sieberi, Stipa barbata and Eurotia ceratoides were considered (as important species in Irani Torani area) in grazing and grazing exclusion of Noudoshan rangelands in Yazd Province. Samples were 10 transfers and 40 1m2 quadrates randomly; and also 30 plants of each species were selected randomly and plant height, maximum and minimum diameter, canopy cover, vitality and weight of current year production by cut and weighted were measured. For determining distribution pattern, index of Dispersion (variance /mean ratio), Morisot’s index of Dispersion and Standardized were used. There is no significant difference between factors of production, diameter, height and canopy cover of Ar.si in grazing and exclosure grazing area but vitality was different significantly. St ba has significant difference between production, canopy cover, density and vitality (P<0.05) in the two grazing conditions, and canopy cover, density, production and vitality of Eu ce were increased in the grazing rangelands, but there was no significant difference (0.05< P). Grazing on Ar.si and Eu ce partly increased vitality and productivity; but St ba has high palatability in this rangeland, that is due to heavy grazing on it; therefore St ba’s power of life is reduced in the grazing area. Distribution pattern of Artemisia seiberi trends from random to uniform in long time grazing exclusion; but this trends from random to clump in the grazing. The distribution pattern of Eurotia ceratoides is clump based on the index of Dispersion and Morisita’s index and it is uniform based on Moristia’s Standardized Index and that doesn’t change in the exclosure grazing area. Distribution pattern of Stipa barbata is uniform. Artemisia Seiberi is increaser and Stipa barbata is decreaser. Importance value of Eurotia ceratoides has no significant difference between grazing and grazing exclosure areas; therefore this is resistant grazing and it can be used to improve steppe rangelands.