Archives-J 

In building production management, the goal is to achieve project delivery within the contract cost, time and to ensure that specified scope and quality is met without compromising the health and safety of the operatives. Effective project delivery refers to realizing the building project within the scheduled time at the scheduled cost which equally meets the client’s need. This is achievable adopting some cost reduction parameters. According to Arora and Bindra (2008), building materials account for 50 to 80 percent of the total value of construction; hence the ability to reduce wastage and improve productivity will have major cost and time benefits. For a project to be successfully delivered, Lock (2002), states that such project would seek to foresee or predict as many of the dangers and problems as possible and to plan, organize and control activities so that the project is completed as successfully as possible despite all the risks. This process starts before any resources are committed, and will continue until all work is finished. The aim is for the final result to satisfy the project sponsor or purchaser within the promised timescale and without using more money and other resources than those originally set aside or budgeted. It was observed that diligent building materials management; adoption of inventory models as cost reduction parameters in public building delivery significantly reduce time, waste and cost. In addition development of appropriate framework for Economic Order Quantity model which enables the ordering of the critical building materials as and when needed without overstocking and tying up capital assist to minimize total construction cost so that project will be realized on schedule in accordance to specified quality hence, eliminating the incidence of failed construction projects.

Industrialization is essential to meet up upcoming demands of the evolution. All the industrial activity releases some amount of by-products as pollution into the environment. Iron and steel industry is one of a major heavy industries of Chhattisgarh and considered as resource intensive and pollution prone and added pollution to air, water resources, precious land. In central India many of the integrated iron and steel industry is highly polluting, non-compliant and resource-inefficient. The aim of the present review is to understand and aware with the pollution, mainly (i) stack emission as air pollution, and (ii) heavy metal leaching from piling slag, by steel plants in Chhattisgarh, central India region.

Algae and duckweed based wastewater stabilizations ponds for wastewater treatment was carried out at experimental model. The study hoped to contribute towards improved environmental management through improving the quality of effluent being discharged into natural waterways. This was to be achieved through the development and facilitation of the use of Algae and duckweed based wastewater stabilizations ponds to achieve less consumption of electricity. A model of three pond (sedimentation pond , Algae and duckweed pond) in series of experimental work., the three ponds had the same area (1.8 x 0.6 x 0.08) . Waste water quality information was collected in following chemical, physical and bacteriological parameters included: pH, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, Dissolve oxygen . The Algae and duckweed based waste stabilization ponds 80 -90 % successfully for the treatment of wastewater .

Participatory decision making is a management style which can be identified as a motivator which can lead to increased productivity in organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher participation in decision making in secondary schools in Baringo district. Descriptive survey design was adopted. The study population comprised of 42 secondary schools, all the Head teachers, class teachers and teachers in these schools. The sample comprised 13 schools selected through simple random sampling, 13 Head teachers and class teachers who were purposively selected while 104 teachers were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data collection instruments comprised of questionnaire with closed and open ended questions and semi structured interview schedules. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using descriptive statistics. The major findings of the study were that teachers were not involved in decision making as they desired; that most head teachers viewed participatory decision making negatively and indifferently; that teachers were willing to take part in decision making and that there are a combination of factors that hinder effective teacher participation in decision making.

Hypothyroidism is a progressive metabolic disorder associated with decreased levels of T3 and T4 and increased TSH level. It is a common disease seen in females compared to males. Hypothyroidism being a metabolic disorder is associated with oxidative stress, which involves generation of free radials. The thyroid gland produces H2O2 by NADPH Oxidase system of the membrane and it utilizes H2O2 as a substrate of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) for thyroid hormone formation. In the present study T3, T4 and TSH was estimated to establish hypothyroidism and MDA and vitamin C to the asses the oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status respectively in the individuals. The study revealed an increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and a significant depression in antioxidant status.

The primary goal of TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) programme is to change the culture of the company’s maintenance policy by involvement of all employees toward the maintenance system of the company. The present paper aims to reduce unplanned stoppage, breakdown the accidents and losses obstructing equipment effectiveness. Prior to induce the TPM in the industry a review is being done by researcher and real time Overall equipment effectiveness is measured and shown to management of companies. Real time TPM is being implemented for an effective maintenance of the company and consecutive six month data is collected to see the change. Due to effective maintenance and employee involvement for one purpose has enforced the management for continuous improvement in the company through the systematic implementation of TPM.

This paper presents a new approach to differential protection for power transformer by using ANFIS approach. The proposed method was trained and tested with data obtained from PSCAD simulation of a power system under different operating conditions. The simulation results show that this algorithm is very good to recognize the various fault types in power transformers. Using the ANFIS approach, the accuracy and speed of operation of flux-current differential relaying scheme is significantly improved while compared with conventional current differential relaying scheme. The proposed method has an outstanding advantage that it can eliminate the load tap changer error meanwhile in operation and there by sensitivity of the relay is improved.

Pseudomonas aeruoginosa, a bioreporter strain was used as an indicator to monitor quorum-sensing inhibition. Quorum sensing (QS) is a system of stimulus and response correlated to bacterial population density. The increasing incidence of multi-drug resistant pathogens has stimulated the search for novel anti-virulence compounds. Although many phytochemicals show promising anti microbial activity, their power lies in their anti-virulence properties. It is hypothesized that many naturally occurring terrestrial plants, algae and fungi traditionally used as medicines may also produce anti-QS compounds. To test this hypothesis, Pleurotus florida, the oyster mushroom was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively for its anti-QS activity using Pseudomonas aeuroginosa. A special swarm media that allow swarming motility growth of Pseudomonas aeuroginosa was used to conduct inhibition of swarm motility assay using mushroom extract. The methanol and chloroform extracts of the mushroom was tested for their inhibition of AHL (Acyl-Homoserine Lactone) production and biofilm formation. Inhibition of AHL for methanol extract ranged from 37.89-58.94% and for chloroform extract ranged from 50.05-70.05% at a concentration of 100-500µg/ml. Inhibition of biofilm formation for methanol extract ranged from 33.9-83.9% and for chloroform extract ranged from 60.07-82.1% at a concentration of 100-500µg/ml. The results of this study provided evidence that organic solvent extracts of the mushroom Pleurotus florida exhibited appreciable antiquorum sensing property and it justifies their use in the traditional medicine for the treatment of different multi-drug resistant microbes.

The present study was designed to evaluate the economical plan of recycling urban waste, dry waste by fixed stations in zone no. 11 municipalities Mashhad city deals. The used information this study, the data related to volume , revenue and expenses waste collection stations using waste bank in 2012, which is collected by the recycling organization of Mashhad municipality . In this Research in order to economical evaluation waste banks all income, expenses and savings, economic and environmental projects in the region, 11 have been calculated. The results proved the justifiability design collection stations I waste of economic and ecological points of view.

Pharmaceutical industry is facing high rates of turnover among sales and marketing employees. Turnover intentions of the pharmaceutical employees are increasing gradually and the organizations have to take serious steps to control it. Even with the severe problem, we are ignorant of any scholastic investigation that has studied the factors of turnover among sales & marketing professionals. This research study analyzes the effect of organizational commitment and organizational support on employees’ retentions. In order to investigate employees’ retentions relationship with organizational commitment and organizational support, regression and correlation techniques were used. The result of the study suggests that there is a significant positive impact of predictors on the response variable.