Archives-January 2019

As Indian masses entered the freedom movement, British changes tack. Shortly after the Russian revolution, the cunning British declared their aim in India, was “gradual development of self-governing institutions with a view to the progressive realisation of responsible government in India as an integral part of the British empire”. Russia first became interested in India?s freedom struggle after the cataclysmic war of 1857. It was sparked by Indian soldiers revolting against the British east India Company. However, it was Trotsky who did many efforts to grant substantial help to India. In fact his writings reveal that he was abreast with India?s democratization and always criticized British imperialist reign over India. Moreover, from Soviet Union the whole leadership made cumulative efforts to unreel India from an oppressive rule of British. Most of the existing published material pertaining to the topic has been studied in order to extract pieces of information that were found relevant for the Research work. Along with that, historical method has been used to have in-depth insight for the background and nature of the India?s Independence Struggle and USSR. An Objectives are to Study how India got inspiration from USSR during and before their freedom struggle and to Study Gandhiji?s approach towards Soviet leaders.

Improperly designed cause undesirable effects below unstable loading in each bolstered concrete(RC) frames and masonry load wall structures. Doors and windows (openings) are inescapable parts in brick masonry in-filled RC structures and masonry load wall structures owing to its practical and ventilation necessities.The presence of openings in brick masonry walls reduces the lateral stiffness and strength of the enclose each RC and cargo bearing structures, that changes the particular behavior of structure.If these openings ar settled within the restricted zones like areas inside middle 2 thirds of a wall, then the wall has to be strong by providing necessary horizontal (bands) structural components like header or header bands around them. Lack of such structural components could cause the structure to endure severe injury throughout the earthquake event.In this paper, two case studies, (a) seismic analysis of RC framed building without provision of bands (b) seismic analysis of RC framed building with provision of bands at different level

India is a famous country all over the world for its culture and tradition. It is the land of various culture and tradition. It is the country of oldest civilizations in the world. The vital components of the Indian culture are good manners, etiquette, civilized communication, rituals, beliefs, values, etc. Even after the life styles of everyone has been modernized, Indian people have not changed their traditions and values. The property of togetherness among people of various cultures and traditions has made India, a unique country. People here live peacefully in India by following their own culture and traditions. Indian cultural history has been derived by the absorbing customs, traditions, and rituals from both invaders and immigrants. Many Indian customs, cultural practices and languages are examples of this co-mingling over centuries. It was the birthplace of many religious systems like Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism which influenced not only this country but also the neighboring countries. With the following invasion of the Islamic rulers the culture of India was heavily influenced by Persian, Arabic, Turkish cultures. The 5000 years old Indian culture is both ancient and varied. But unity in diversity which is the main mantra of Indian civilization can be seen if any one monitors its various art forms and traditional diversity. With this context, the researcher has studied this topic to anlayse the Indian Traditional and Modern Culture.

Bone solitary plasmocytoma is a rare entity characterized by monoclonal proliferation of malignant plasmocytic cells located at a bone segment, with no sign of systemic invasion. The vertebral location is the most common. The authors report a case of a woman who was 56-year-old with no medical history and addressed for a tumor of the proximal humerus. Anatomopathological examination of the segment of humerus noted an extensive diffuse plasmocytic infiltration. The absence of systemic biological signs of multiple myeloma led to the diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma. After using the radiotherapy and chemotherapy, we obtained the complete remission without recurrence for 2 years. The interest of this study is the the rarity of this localization, and to release the particular diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutive of this affection in our context.

Multivariate statistics was used to categorize the potential sampling sites of Lake and identify potential pollution sources by analyzing water quality parameters. Water quality parameters ,such as total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), five day biological oxygen demand (BOD5), total hardness as CaCO3, total alkalinity as CaCO3, nitrate, sulfate, orthophosphate, fluoride, - K, Mg, Cu, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were determined and compared with WHO standards. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted seven principal components. The first principal component (PC1) accounted for 22.1 % of the total variance, and pH, Mn turbidity, specific conductance (SC) and sulfate were strongly loaded on it. Principal component two was (PC2) mainly composed of BOD5, total hardness, temperature, iron, DO, and TDS. This component accounted for 17.3 % of the total variance. The third component (PC3), dominated by potassium, TDS, and zinc, explained 12.4 % of the total variance. Copper and fluoride were associated in the fourth principal component, accounting for 10.5 % of the total variance. In the fifth component, total alkalinity, phosphate, and zinc were the dominant components, which account for 10.2 % of the total variance. Nitrate, chromium, and lead were isolated in the sixth component (PC6), accounting for 9.4 % of the total variance. The last component was dominated by magnesium, explaining 7.6 % of the total variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) divided the sampling sites into four clusters. Cluster A include five sampling sites and it was highly loaded with PC4 and PC6, which showed the presence of a high level of pollution from industrial effluents and agricultural runoff. Cluster B and C consisted of three sampling sites and one sampling site, respectively, and they were highly loaded with PC3 and PC6, which indicated the presence of a high level of pollution from domestic wastewaters, land development and urban runoff. Cluster D comprised two sampling sites and was highly loaded with all component loadings except for PC7. It was considered a highly polluted site from multiple sources of pollution. These results obtained from the multivariate analysis can be very useful for the surrounding rural and urban communities for the proper and safe use of the lake. In addition, it can reduce the cost associated with monitoring the lake by reducing the number of sampling sites.

The magnetic response of transverse wave propagation of double layered nanoplate embedded in an elastic medium is studied employing nonlocal continuum theory. The displacement equation of nanoplate with magnetic and elastic medium is devised with the help of Lorentz force and Winkler elastic foundation. The frequency equations are acquired for nanoplate with simply supported edges. The numerical result reveals that the magnetic strength and elastic medium increases the frequencies of double layered nanoplates. The perfection of the present frequency value is noted by comparing it with the existing literature.

The impacts on habitat and living species (fish, shrimp) related to the disposal of untreated sewage by municipalities and discharges of solid waste was studied by assessing the whole organic matter of the sediments (OM), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Suspended Materials (SM), nitrogen pollution indicators (nitrate-NO3-, nitrite-NO2-, ammonium-NH4-), phosphated (ortho-phosphate ions- PO43-), sulphide (sulphate-SO42-, sulphite SO32-, sulphides S2-) of water and total Pb contents of water and sediments of Lake Nokoué. The organic matter content of sediments (19600 to 17164 mg / kg) and COD (130 to 1880 mg/L) of water are very high and indicate an increase in organic pollution of the lake compared to in previous years (Youssao, 2011, Mama et al., 2011). The strong variations in pH are dependent on the contributions of marine origin (basic to neutral) and the mineralization of the organic matter (pH < 7) in the areas of human occupation resulting in a greater or less mobility of the residues of metals in making sulphur available in its reduced form (sulphide and sulphite). The assessment of pollution indicators in the central part of the lake shows that it is heterogeneous in terms of source and impact of pollution. The sediment Pb concentration (Pbsed) / concentration of Pb in water (Pbw) ratio, represented by Pbsed/Pbw ratio shows that lead is 200 to nearly 1000 tiSM more concentrated in sediments than in the water showing a predominance of the organic form of Pb in the ecosystem of Nokoué lake. Indeed, organic lead residues are massively released into this ecosystem by oil traffickers who use OMorized canoes to transport their products from Nigeria.

The wide range of transmission medium is covered by the wireless sensor network. Due to its increasing popularity many research are done to increase its energy level for effective transmission. The earliest approach in transferring packets with prior processing is more efficient which used the concept of Ant Colony Optimisation approach to obtain the chain.  This existing Power Energy Gathering with Ant colony approach (PEG-ACO) is efficient in minimising transmission distance but there is no mechanism to find out interrupts in transmission, packet loss due to node failure. This paper proposes routing algorithm artificial bee colony approach which optimises the energy level in nodes. The chain is obtained by clustering the nodes with multiple mobile sinks using Artificial Bee Colony (PEG-ABC) concept in order to avoid node failure and packet lost. The load among the nodes is balanced for effective transmission of packets with less energy consumption.

The relationship between the girl’s education and economic development has received a worldwide attention for quite sometimes. A number of global organization have been formed to address the issue of girl’s education. However, the issue of teenage mothers remains a thorny issue in most developing countries. This category of learners undergo a number of challenges to access and continue with education. Reentry policy of teenage mothers to school mooted in Beijing conference of 1995 is one intervening policy to help address the needs for the teenage mothers. The Kenyan government adopted the policy in 2001. Despite the policy being in place, very few teenage mothers have been returning to school. The objectives of this study to determine the perception of various stakeholders on the re-entry policy of teenage mothers to school in Bungoma County. The critical theory as modified by Habernes was used as the theoretical framework. The convergent parallel mixed method research design was used. The research population comprised of teenage mothers, student girls, head teachers, principals, Guiding and Counselling teachers, Sub County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers. The data collection instruments were Questionnaires and Interview schedules. Questionnaires were administered to the Teenage mothers, school girls, Guidance and counselling teachers, while the interview schedule was administered to Sub County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers and head teachers. Pilot study was carried out in Trans Nzoia County. Reliability of the research instruments was tested using Spearman Rank Order correlation coefficient. A value of 0.79 was obtained and was considered high enough for the instruments to be judged to be reliable. Validity was determined by expert judgment in the School of Education in the University of Eldoret. Quantitative data were coded and presented using tables and analyzed through frequency distribution and percentages. Qualitative data were organized and broken into themes synthesized to search for patterns and meaning. This study was significant for it shed light on the level of awareness among various stakeholders of the re-entry policy of teenage mothers to school, the perception of the various stakeholders on the re-entry policy, identified aspects of culture that affected the implementation of the re-entry policy and the implementation strategies that are in place to implement the policy. The various stakeholders have a negative perception and attitude towards the teenage mother. Its recommended that there should be a national debate on teenage motherhood to increase awareness of the policy and address the issue of perception and the change in attitude towards the teenage mothers.

The overall performance of construction firm is affected by productivity of its employees. This study employed work study approach to empirically establish the relationships between tradesmen demographic information and labour output on plastering and rendering operations. The data gathered were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that tradesmen age, their mode of employment, educational qualification, years of experience, quality of surfaces, shape of structure, and period of the day; have influence on the level of productivity of masons. It was concluded that the demographic characteristics of construction operatives/tradesmen affect labour output for plastering and rendering operations.