Archives-July 2011

Global growth in tourism has brought a wealth of economic and global. Today one of the planners in the tourism resources that have attracted more and more rural areas. Overall, a very valuable part of our heritage, rural world And especially the indigenous architecture and unique identity of a region well-supported and reflected in its territory Thus, according to the situation in rural areas And development necessary to sustain it, Rural tourism can be an option for rural development .In this study population, statistical information is from 19 villages in Isfahan city. A matrix with 11 rows and 19 columns, including indicators to be studied include the village. Component analysis based on survey results showed Six factors (distance from the village to the city center, The number of rural doctors, Village distance to the center section Sports facilities to count toward the village, High proportion of rural banks and rural villages have a number of drinking water to villages), about 86/89% of the cumulative variance is explained. Weighting and aggregation of these factors with the environment, GIS, and the potential areas of tourism infrastructure services were identified. Village on the area of tourism and Jrqvyh Lyy as the Ramshh Village, Sistani and Zefreh tourism in terms of having been the last times. The Euclidean distance method and a gap analysis, four regions were similar in terms of its tourism infrastructure services.

In the crystal structure of [2,6-(C2H5)2C6H3NH3]2(HSO4)2.3H2O, inorganic entities form corrugated layers parallel to ab plane between which organic groups are located. This structure is characterised by the existence of two groups HSO4- crystallographically independent which form dimmers (H2S2O8)2-. These dimers are interconnected by water molecules via strong H-bonds (dO...O < 2.73 Å).

This study was carried out to examine survey responses across various levels of response predictors in some selected communities in oyo town, Oyo State, Nigeria. The design for this study was a two-stage stratified random sampling scheme. A Sample of 750 households was randomly selected in fifteen Enumeration Areas in Oyo town. The data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire and predictors of response were extracted for the verification of response rates at various levels of these predictors. Out of the 750 respondents that were interviewed in each of the five waves, 545, 615, 610, 615, 605 responded to survey questions respectively. The maximum number of visits considered for this research work is five per wave and after the fifth visits, respondents were regarded as non response. The response rates from the following predictors:- Females, those that were living with their spouse, those that were interviewed with English language, respondents at the middle age (50-79 years), those that are familiar with the interviewer and tenants were observed to be high. Also, the response rates increases from first visit to the fourth visits and at the fifth visit, it declined. We also observed that the more the number of years a respondent has spent in his/her community, the more they response to survey questions.

Photoinitiated substitution complex of K4[Fe(CN)6] and monoethanolamine has been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, UV, FTIR, TA and DSC. The complex has been assigned as K2[Fe(CN)3(OH)(MEOA)]H2O. The presence of different moieties is confirmed by the appearance of characteristics IR absorption peaks. The photoaquation of K4[Fe(CN)6] is confirmed by recording UV spectra before and after irradiation. Irradiation of aqueous solution of metal cyanides leads to the formation of the primary photoadduct where a CN- ion is replaced by OH-, which undergoes subsequent thermal substitution by entering ligand (MEOA). Thermal kinetics of the complex has been studied by TG and DSC techniques. The thermal analysis has been carried out in nitrogen atmosphere up to 800ºC. Thermograms obtained confirm IR data, hence supports the empirical formula. On the basis of thermal data, thermal decomposition mechanism has been proposed for the complex. Thermodynamic parameters like activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (A) and entropy of activation (?S#) has been calculated for each decomposition step, using Dolye’s, Coats and Redfern and Arrhenius method. The reaction enthalpy is obtained from DSC technique.

Proxy blind signature combines the properties of both proxy signature and blind signature. In a proxy signature scheme, a signer delegates his signing power to a proxy, who signs a message on behalf of the original signer. In a blind signature scheme, the signer cannot link the relationship between the blind message and the signature of the chosen message. Therefore, it is very suitable for electronic commerce application. In this paper, a proxy blind signature scheme based on ECDLP for multiple signer has been proposed, which satisfy the security properties of both the blind signature and the proxy signature. In this proposed scheme multiple original signers are delegates their signing power to one proxy signer, who give signature on behalf of them. Analysis shows that our scheme is secure and efficient.

Direct tabletting technique is the modern and the most efficient process used in tablet manufacturing which has been successfully used for various drugs. But the process strongly depends upon the quality of the crystals used. Spherical agglomeration, a novel crystallization technique that can transform directly the fine crystals produced in the crystallization or in the reaction process in to a spherical shape agglomerates, was developed by Yoshiaki Kawashima and coworkers in 1986. There are currently four methods to accomplish the conversion of drug particles into spherical agglomerates. Spherical agglomeration technique can transform directly the fine crystals, produced in the crystallization process into a spherical shape. Spherical agglomeration is a particle design technique, by which crystallization and agglomeration can be carried out simultaneously in one step. Spherical crystallization is a versatile process that enables to control the type and size of the crystals. Agglomerates exhibit improved secondary characteristics like flowability and compressibility. Drug release from these spherical crystals can be improved or can be controlled. This technique will be an invaluable technology in future, if it is scaled-up to manufacturing level. In this review we will discuss about the advantages, method and parameters which can be improved by spherical crystallization process. In addition current and future prospects of spherical crystallization are also discussed.

Participatory Notes are offshore derivative instruments (ODIs) issued, by SEBI-registered Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) in India, against an underlying security, which entitles the holder to a share in the income, either dividend or capital gain, from the underlying security. These are issued to foreign investors, which may be hedge funds, foreign pension and mutual funds, or other High Net worth Individuals abroad. They are issued outside of India to people outside of India. The underlying securities, shares of listed companies in India, are held in the custody of FIIs on behalf of the P-Note holders.There are several issues associated with P.Notes. The anonymity of investors-difficulty in fulfilling KYC (Know Your Client) and FTAF (Financial Action Task Force) norms for P-Notes, the Anti-Money Laundering issues and difficulty in tracing the identity of the funds, Lack of transparency and anonymity worries the government authorities. There are fears that P-Notes are ideal money-laundering vehicles. Some reports suggest that some FIIs created their own separate and parallel offshore market for Indian securities in derivative form-which will develop and this will take volumes and revenues from our markets. About 50% of the portfolio inflows into India come in the form of P-Note There are some apprehensions, and some evidence, that the P-Note route was being used for “round-tripping” resident Indians’ money-going out by questionable means and coming back through the P-Note route. It is in light of these features the paper analysis the various issues related with P. Notes.

Writing and reading. Reading and writing. Keeping a journal to capture the moments that surround you, incubating ideas (Bomer & Bomer, 2001), and organizing ideas. All this seems fairly simple, that is unless you are an English Language Learner (ELL) or an English as a Second Language (ESL) student. Foreign languages are immensely difficult for most learners and thus, teachers and students must have an understanding of each other. Tools, strategies, compensations, and acknowledgements of strengths and weakness behoove the instructor and student. Chen (2000) cites Zamel (1976) and Jones (1986) in that . . . “students writing in a second language proceed in similar fashion as native speakers” (p. 14). Chen (2000) continues to explain that ELL or ESL students all engage in the process of discovery, the process of determining meaning around self. Therefore:[C]ulturally relevant teachers understand that learning is facilitated when we capitalize on learners’ prior knowledge. Rather than seeing students’ culture as an impediment to learning, it becomes the vehicle through which they can acquire the official knowledge and skills of the school curriculum. However, in order to capitalize on students’ cultures, teachers have to know the students’ cultures (Ladson-Billings, 2001, p. 99-100).

In recent years, fuzzy modeling technique has been successfully employed to model complex systems, where classical methods e.g. mathematical and model-free methods are inapplicabe due to the lack of sufficient information. Generally model free-methods such as neural networks are prefered when a significant amount of data exists as they provide more robust means to identify and reproduce the existing patterns in the available data. However, when limited amount of data exist but ambiguous or imprecise information are available, fuzzy reasoning provides a way to understand system behavior. Before Bouma (1989) introduced the term pedo-transfer functions (PTFs), described as translating data we have into what we need, some hydraulic properties’ PTFs had been developed in modeling water movement and solute transport in soil due to the increasing of computational speed and expanding of models’ complexity (Gupta and Larson, 1979). Many studies related to modeling various soil parameters using different types of PTFs has been conducted (Schaap et al., 1998; McBratney et al., 2002; Vos et al., 2005).

Islamic architecture, like an old tree, has its roots in the land of Saudi Arabia where the first mosque was built. After that it has branched out in the neighboring countries like Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, Iran, India, etc. There for Islamic art and architecture has been flourished and flowered in other mentioned countries and have experimented during various schools of thought such as Seljuks ,Safavid , Ottomans, and Indo Islamic of India. Architects and artists of various nations throughout the process of developing their art and architecture have created various significant monuments such as Jame Masjed of Isfahan in Iran, Soltan Ahmed mosque of Istanbul in turkey and Delhi’s Jame masjed and Taj Mahal in Agra which shall be discussed in this paper. Taj Mahal is the most famous building which was designed by an Iranian architect. In this paper, In general, the impact of Seljuks and Safavid art and architecture on Indian Architecture shall be described.