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In this paper we introduce some properties and definition of the new integral transform, called ZZ transform. Farther, we use ZZ transform to solve systems of ordinary differential equations. The results indicate these methods to be very effective and simple.

The need for mobile communications computing and net-working has turn out to be important more than ever. With the increasing demand for low cost and high integration of wireless transceiver building blocks, the low power is a great concern for Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) designers. Exhaustive exertion has been made to advance RF integrated circuits and systems in the GHz range using CMOS process in low cost. Frequency Synthe-sizer that includes Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) is a signifi-cant block of the transceiver this generates carrier for the down-conversion/up-conversion operations. Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) and High Frequency Divider (HFD) decides the channel selection of frequency synthesiz-er and power consumption. This work presents the design of 2.4/5.4 GHz CMOS Frequency Synthesizer for 2.3/3.5 MHz resolution with 32/33 divider circuit. The Frequency Syn-thesizer circuits are designed in 180nm CMOS process technology using Virtuoso of Cadence tools.

The corrosion inhibition and adsorption process of D - Tryptophan (DT)on mild steel in 2 HCl was studied by means of chemical (weight loss), electrochemical and quantum chemical techniques. The inhibition efficiency increases with decreasing temperature and increasing concentration of inhibitor. It has been determined that the adsorption of DT on mild steel obeys the Temkin adsorption isotherm at all studied temperatures with negative values of ?Goads, suggesting a stable and a spontaneous inhibition process. In potentiodynamic polarization, the curves shifted towards lower current density in the presence of the DT with well-defined Tafel regions suggesting that the inhibitor retard the corrosion process without changing the mechanism of the corrosion process; and exhibit cathodic and anodic polarization (mixed type inhibitor) because the change in Ecorr is less than 85 vM/SCE with respect to the blank. Corrosion current density was calculated by extrapolation of the linear parts of these curves to the corresponding corrosion potential; and corrosion potential (Ecorr), corrosion current densities (icorr), anodic Tafel slope (?a), cathodicTafel slope (?b) were determined with maximum value of inhibition efficiency for 5 x 10-4 M concentration of the inhibitor at 303 K was 78.4%. From Nyquist plot of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, values of polarization resistance (Rp) increased with increasing inhibitor concentration whereas double layer capacitance (Cdl) decreased indicating a decrease in local dielectric constant or an increase in thickness of electric double layer suggesting that the inhibitor function by forming a protective layer at the metal surface. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the help of complete geometry optimization for theoretical calculations of EHOMO, ELUMO, and energy gap (?E). Inhibition efficiency increases with increasing EHOMO indicating that the molecule has tendency to donate electrons to the mild steel with low energy empty molecular orbital; whereas low value of ELUMO suggests that the molecule easily accepts electrons from mild steel.

This paper presented a trust region method with memory, which retained the individuals with secondary high fitness. What’s more, we brought in the most decline direction and conjugate direction to keep the method going on and even joined it in genetic algorithm for enhancing search efficiency in the middle-late time. We find the trust region with memory had higher search ability than trust region comparing results and the algorithm was an effective method on solving multi-peak problems proved by examples.

Information is a core component of knowledge to enhance the productivity, efficiency and performance. However, information seeking behavior depends mainly upon availability, accessibility, and media exposure. Media buying attitude and media preferences are influenced by the quality of information seeking behavior. The environmental influence on perception needs channelization in regard the magnitude of usefulness of information. The present study is focused on health development information amongst adolescents of rural areas of Sitapur and Unnao districts. This survey was conducted on randomly selected 320 Adolescents of deprived rural areas. The results depicts the most prominent health information is accumulated mainly on interpersonal interactions between friends, neighbors and family which are basically based on health department instructions. The main conclusion is the need to seek and use the health information in various ways, directly or indirectly. Indirectly, when an individual is passively receiving information from the media or from a person, and this includes the passive search category. While, directly is when a person intentionally aims to seek out for health information through various ways, such as, inquiring to a person, health care institution, doctors, ANM/ ASHAs , or to other health information sources, including obtaining information from the media.

The practice of FGM among some communities in Kenya, has been considered a major challenge to girl-child’s participation in education. However, some members of the same communities have embraced the alternative rites of passage for girls in which positive aspects of tribal culture are taught, such as self esteem, decision making, and respect for elders. This paper assesses the attitudes of teachers and learners towards female genital mutilation and alternative rites of passage based on a study conducted in Marigat District, Kenya. The selection of the study sample was done using stratified random sampling, simple random sampling and proportionate sampling. Schools were stratified into educational divisions from which 16 schools out of the total of 45 public schools in Marigat District were selected using proportionate random sampling. To get a specific school to participate in this study, simple random sampling was used. The respondents of this study included teachers and pupils from the selected schools, who were selected through simple random sampling. Questionnaires, interview schedules and document analysis were used to collect data. Descriptive statistical techniques such as the means, percentages and standard deviations; and inferential statistics (t-test) were used in analyzing the data using SPSS. From the study, majority of the respondents were of the opinion that FGM rite of passage does not maintain female chastity whereas others stated that FGM rite of passage does not increase male sexual pleasure. While majority of the teachers agreed that FGM rite of passage is an important part of identifying with cultural heritages, majority of the students were not of the same view. This disparity might have been due to the age and experience differences that exist between the two categories of the respondents. Since FGM and alternative rite of passage did not prevent girls from being promiscuous, the learners should be told by parents and teachers on the need to avoid sexual intercourse before marriage.

Job Satisfaction is one of the key factors to increase employee morale. It blazons the amount of acceptance between one’s expectation of the job and the return that the job provides. Job Satisfaction is a part of life satisfaction. The job environment plays vital role to get the job satisfaction, moreover it resembles life satisfaction. Job Satisfaction is the result of various attitudes possessed by an employee. The expected output of the research is understood the policies and procedures of job satisfaction in the company. To meet this aim well structured questionnaire was prepared and data analysis has been done with percentage analysis

This research investigates the impact of organizational culture on employee retention with special reference to Al-Dhahirah region (Sultanate of Oman). No doubt there is a horde of potential candidates available for banking sector but this is veracity that highly skilled and experienced professionals are limited. For this reason banks are facing setback in finding these professionals and if they find then real challenge comes across that is to retain them. In Omani job market, there is a shortage of highly skilled professional in banking sector that leads to an increased probability of turnover of highly skilled employees. Since Omanization is in practice in Sultanate of Oman, banks have to depend upon local banking professionals only. This dependency creates an intricacy in arranging professional people for banking sector. An attractive salary is not the only factor that can retain employees for a longer span of time in the same bank but organizational culture is a hardcore factor to retain employees. This is a quantitative research being done by surveys in Al- Dhahirah region (containing 3 cities and dozens of small towns & villages). For data collection, 120 respondents are selected through random sampling method. This research explores six key factors of organizational culture that contribute to employee retention in banking sector. These factors are career opportunity, work autonomy, fair pay, recognition for job, challenging job and work-life balance. According to findings of this investigation, employees are not much satisfied with prevailing organizational culture in the banks and investigation revealed that they have a high tendency to switchover the job and pertaining low level of satisfaction with organizational culture. Research indicates that the work-life balance is maintained and employees are pretty satisfied in this regard whereas employees are not much satisfied with rest of five factors of organizational culture. It is recommended for higher management of banking sector that they will have to focus more on these five factors to develop an attractive organizational culture in the banking sector that will help retain employees for a long term.

The word “Bureaucracy” has been long applied in Iran, but its definitions and implications have been discussed in different forms. Most of its definitions are affected by individuals’ opinions and ideas and not by its real meaning. The importance is that unlike the current conception, bureaucracy in its real meaning is led to success although its improper use leads to poor performance of bureaucracy. In this article a scientific definition of bureaucracy is explained and its formation process in Iran is studied. Finally a solution is considered in order to optimum performance of bureaucracy in Iran. It seems that achieving the correct definition and adequate understanding of nature of bureaucracy are the best ways for planning and implementing a successful management with bureaucratic approach. Furthermore for coordinating bureaucracy with inside and outside environmental condition of the organization, this management method requires contingency and strategic approaches in order to apply it usefully and effectively in organizations with appropriate structures.

This study pays attention to the assessment of the effects pertaining to various financing methods on profitability indicators and investigates various financing methods applied in stock exchange during the period 2001 to 2004. Varied factors influence on the choice of best financing method. Financing in different entities is carried out by applying various sources. In order to answer the main question of this study, two hypotheses have been used in which the relationship between various financing methods and profitability indicators has been examined. In this study we aimed at answering the question: What is the most commonly-used financing method in member companies of Tehran stock exchange? In this research we analyzed a sample including 46 member companies of Tehran stock exchange during the mentioned period. The analysis of hypotheses was done by making use of statistical test of multi-lateral regression. All hypotheses have been measured at 95% level. Research results revealed the fact that there is significance relationship among financing methods, return on assets and gross profit margin. Member companies of Tehran stock exchange are more willing to apply debt and borrowing for their financing.