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The green microalga strain, Botryococcus braunii Kützing, was provided by the Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Texas (Austin, USA). The effects of nitrogen and temperature on growth and lipid production were studied for 18 days. Cultures of B. braunii were incubated in five different nitrogen concentrations: 1 g L-1 (group 1), 0.5 g L-1(group 2), 0.25 g L-1 (group 3), 0.125 g L-1(group 4) and free nitrogen (group 5). The highest biomass concentration (0.564±0.200 g L-1) and lipid content (33.31±0.014%) were obtained by cultivation with an initial nitrogen concentration of 0.50 g L-1 in these experiments. In free nitrogen, the maximum lipid content was 56.31±0.026% of dry weight, while the biomass concentration was 0.270±0.063 g L-1 at 20 °C. The density of the biodiesel obtained from B. braunii was calculated as 0.8263 kg.L-1, its viscosity as 4.97 mm2.s-1 at 40 °C and its flash point as 109 °C. According to these results, nitrogen-starved Botryococcus braunii increased the production of lipids and could be made more suitable for biodiesel production. This study suggests that it is possible to utilize Botryococcus braunii for biodiesel production.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Cognitive Load Theory on the learning among Jadara University students in Jordan. The lesson developed in two different modes, text and image (TI) and audio, image with text (AIT). A quasi experimental factorial design was adopted in this research. The independent variables were the two modes of courseware. The dependent variable was the post test score and attitude. The study sample consisted of 79 educational technologies and was randomly (simple random sample). Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted to analyze the collected data. ANCOVA was used to determine the significant differences of the post-test scores among the groups. The findings of this study showed that students using the Text, Images (TI) mode were not significantly higher than that attained by students using the Audio, Images, Text (AIT) mode. Also the findings of this study showed that all of the differences between the attitude scores of students in two treatment groups were not significant.

this present study, adsorption capacity of groundnut shell activated carbon coated with Fe3O4 as a low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RDB) from aqueous solution was explored. The surface morphology and functional groups present were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effect of various parameters such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage and concentration of adsorbate were studied at ambient temperature. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using Pseudo-first and Pseudo-second order kinetic models and the mechanism of adsorption was described by intraparticle diffusion model.

With regard to the role of education and human resources in process of environmental rapid changes and globalization, the need to plan, design and implementation of educational objectives to any organization will be inevitable necessity. Implementation of this requires are using of successful and effective patterns in human resources training. For example, demands the total quality management patterns. In the field of Higher Education human resources, from the most successful models of total Quality Management, Can be named the Business Excellence Model and the Malcolm Baldrige Model that due to its successful application in many organizations, industrial and academic, there is very little research in the field of human resources in excellent and educational institutions In this article, we attempt to meanwhile introduce the Baldrige model, demonstrate the experience of using this pattern in higher education such as experience of Stout Wisconsin University and introduce the quality in education, challenges in establishment of this pattern in higher educational institutions, in the area of human resource development and training and excellent and educational institutions

Biochemical studies of the individual plant parts is a necessary prerequisite in order to evaluate their importance in the over all metabolism of the plant .The use of traditional medicines and medicinal plants in most developing countries, is basis for the maintenance of good health. Laboratory evaluations were made to assess the phytochemical screening and quantification of primary metabolites in Withania somnifera and Sida cordifolia. It contains higher soluble sugars in leaves, starch in stem, lipid in stem, phenol in leaves as compared to other parts of the plant. Cellular damage or oxidative injury arising from free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) now appears to be the fundamental mechanism underlying a number of human neurodegenerative disorders.

In this work the speech disorder namely Dysarthria is discussed. The basics of the disorder are described here. The speech parameters are identified which characterize the disorder and correction system is designed to improve the speech quality. The speech signal samples of people of age between five to eighty years are considered for the present study. These speech signals are digitized and enhanced and analyzed for the Speech Pause Index, Jitter, Shimmer, HNR, Pitch variations Tx graphs, Normalized Percentile fo characteristics and % Close Quotient EGG graphs using MATLAB, PRAAT, SFS and EXCEL platforms.

Human beings use language both to communicate with others and to monitor their internal thoughts. Harley (2001) mentions that "in some form or another, language so dominates our social and cognitive activity that it would be difficult to imagine what life would be without it". The complexity of language has led to a wide range of methods to study such a kind of phenomenon. The study of relationship between language and thought has often been examined using cross-cultural studies of languages. Language affects much of our lives and covers a wide variety of topic areas, such as speech, writing, reading, etc. Language seems to have some effects on our perception of others. There are also great differences in the use of any one language within a culture, and the way we speak reflects our cultural and social backgrounds. The social and cultural aspects of language include social class, ethnic background and gender. The role of gender on the way how people think and behave is the main focus of the present study which will be discussed in detail.

The study was to investigate the factors affecting the adoption of upland NERICA rice in the Ejura-Sekyeredumase District in the Ashanti Region. The simple random sampling technique was used to select 100 rice farmers in the district. About 20% of the farmers had fully adopted the upland NERICA rice. It was found that adoption of upland NERICA rice was dependent on NERICA farm size, accessibility and income level at 5% significant level. The main challenge associated with the production of upland NERICA rice is low rainfall causing total loss of yield. Farmers should form groups to make accessibility to incentives and other benefits easy. They should also cultivate the local rice alongside NERICA to supplement their income and finally, extension agents should increase their contacts with the low adopters of NERICA rice.

Safaricom launched its M-Pesa product in 2007 and marketed it as a money transfer platform that would allow the Kenyan population to conveniently transfer money from urban areas to their rural hometowns using mobile phones. Safaricom’s key marketing strategy has received little research attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Safaricom’s M-Pesa Technology Adoption Life Cycle psychographic factors, as well as three key marketing success attributes as offered in a framework developed by Moore (1991), and time of adoption of technology. The sample size was 358. A hard copy questionnaire was administered to 236 respondents drawn from adult Kenyans living in Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu. An online copy was sent to 122 respondents in other locations. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Whereas the relationship between Income and Time of Adoption was statistically significant (?2=36.647, df=8, p=.000), the relationship between Main Reason for Adoption and Time of Adoption was not statistically significant at ?=.05 (?2=12.794, df=12, p=.384). Further, the results indicated no statistically significant relationship between Technology Perception and Time of Adoption (?2=19.641, df=16, p=.237). Niche Function and Time of Adoption, on the other hand, exhibited a statistically significant relationship (?2=40.986, df=16, p=.001). Thus, organizations should seek a core Niche Function to target the majority market. There was no statistically significant relationship between the Product Continuum and Time of Adoption (?2=10.748, p=.825). Finally, the study established a statistically significant relationship between Niche Communication and Time of Adoption (?2=31.539, p=.011), suggesting that organizations should explicitly and assertively communicate the selected Niche Function to the consumers.

Natural gas is fast becoming the main component in India’s vast energy sector. Due to its ease of handling and greater efficiency, natural gas is proving its utility both as fuel and feedstock. It has helped to attract investments and catalyse new demand and supply. This sector has witnessed significant developments over the years. The objective of this paper is an analysis done to see the extent to which a company has implemented using rules financial performance is good and right. Data has been taken from 2009 to 2013 in this study. Financial statements of GAIL, EGL, IGL and GGC for the indicated periods were obtained from websites such as prowess, CMIE, money control and yahoo finance. Necessary information derived from these financial statements were summarized and used to compute the financial ratios for the five-year period. Financial ratios are tools used to measure the profitability, liquidity and solvency performance of four major Indian gas distribution companies. This research is to analyze the financial statements of these companies using liquidity ratios, activity ratios, leverage ratios, profitability ratios, and market value ratios. For liquidity, the following ratios were used: current ratio, quick or acid-test ratio. For activity, Inventory turnover ratio, debtor turnover ratio and working capital turnover ratios were used. For leverage, the following ratios were used i.e. debt ratio, equity ratio, and interest coverage ratio. For profitability, net profit margin, return on assets, return on shareholder’s equity, and earnings per share were used. For market value, price-earnings ratio and earning par share ratios were used.