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There is a growing interest in heating and cooling systems based on renewable energy. This is the property of earth ground the below about 2.5 to 3 m, the temperature of ground remains nearly constant throughout the year. This constant temperature is called undisturbed temperature of earth. However, a good visualize the undisturbed ground temperature, for a correct interpretation of the geothermal heat exchanger. The undisturbed temperature is very important yourself, which remains higher than the outside temperature in winter and lower than the outside temperature in summer. The EAHEs are considered as an effective passive heating/cooling medium for buildings. It is basically a series of metallic, plastic or concrete pipes buried underground at a particular depth through which the fresh atmospheric air flows and gets heated in winter and supplied to the building if at sufficiently high temperature and vice versa in summer. Until now, many researchers have conducted a series of studies in the development, modelling and testing of systems of the EAHE. This paper observe on earth air heat exchanger in summer cooling for various supply air conditions in summer climate in LNCT Energy Park Raisen Road Bhopal M.P.

Environmental considerations such as the energy, resources or chemical used during manufacturing or environmental implications during its use or disposal stage has a vital role to play in the purchase decision making of consumers’ specially in the developed economies. Consumers’ perceptions towards eco-labels, their environmental concern and choice behavior for purchase of products across the two different categories were analyzed using a validated likert scale. A structural equation modeling methodology and analysis of variance was applied to test a casual model regarding environmental concern, eco-label awareness and consumers’ evaluation across two product categories. The results suggest the whacking role of eco-labels on products when associated with financial savings in market share augmentation for environmentally preferable alternatives subjected to consumers’ environmental approach in an emerging market.

The formation of ECOWAS was seen as the beginning of a new era in the history of economic cooperation in West Africa. Its overall aim was to promote cooperation and integration, with a view to establishing an economic and monetary union as a means of stimulating economic growth and development in West Africa. Since the emergence of ECOWAS, the organization has been saddled with a lot of challenges and intra-regional crises without much economic integration being achieved. The paper sets to examine why ECOWAS lags behind in its quest to integrating the economies of West African region. Basically, the study is primarily qualitative. The findings reveal that ECOWAS that needs serious reforms in order to maximally benefit from integration mechanisms the way other regions have done. The prospects are great. The paper concludes by affirming that the current economic turmoil afflicting the region may be seen as a temporary setback, and that a new ECOWAS with a new set of leaders will emerge to realize the dreams of the founding fathers of one larger political and economic union.

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of strategic management practices on customer retention in Commercial Banks in Kenya. Specific objective formed the basis of the study namely: To establish the effect of, strategic corporate governance practice on customer retention in the commercial banks in Kenya and the theory used was Agency theory. The total number of banks registered with the Central Bank of Kenya is forty-three (43) hence a survey method was used. The questionnaires were distributed to all banks and the managers and the department heads were requested to fill in. The total numbers issued was 123 questionnaires and 117 were returned, giving a response rate of 86%. The questionnaires were coded and fed into the SPSS. The data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics was used including ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression method. Qualitative data was used to put into categories based on themes that would be aligned to research objectives and would be integrated in the discussion of the findings. The findings of the study show that strategic corporate governance practice were significant on Customer Retention. Therefore, it was concluded that to increase customers the strategic management practices must be adopted. Banks should ensure that strategic corporate governance practice become their watchword. This will enhance efficiency and profitability and encourage an environment for the cultivation of other attributes of corporate governance. It should also promote accountability, transparency, healthy ethics, integrity and participation of stakeholders. Internal discipline and a strong operational agenda rooted in corporate governance, strong leadership, strengthened by moral questions bordering on integrity to carry out functions as appropriate should be put in place. This study gave managers invaluable; insights on how to plan allocate and enhance capabilities in ways that allowed them to achieve commercial banks objectives in dynamic and competitive environment using strategic management practices and customer retention strategy. Therefore, since strategic management practice could be of value, they were well advised to pursue customer retention as well as at a suitable level of strategic management practices

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of cutting angle for locally assembly motorized vibration cutter on some operational characteristic used for date palm frond cutting. An implement was fabricated to cut the fronds around the date palm tree trunk. Three cutting angles included 45,60 and 90° was used in this study .One frond cutting time, One palm frond cutting time, cutting level, noise level, vibration ,productivity and efficiency was measured in this experiment . Complete block design with three replications was used in this study. Least significant differences (L.S.D) under 0.05 level was used to compeer the mean of treatment.The results showed that 45° cutting angle gave a lower time in cutting one frond and one palm fronds stood 2.65 sec and 2.40 min respectively, also gave less differences in surface cutting level, level of noising and vibration stood 5.28 mm,79.37 db and 5.22 m.sec-2 respectively . Also it gave the same amount of productivity with 60° cutting angle stood 8.01 palm /h. 45° cutting angle gave a high efficiency it got 80.23%, using a manufacturing equipment for cutting date palm frond was successfully done.

We studied Dunaliella salina on different media to find out optimum culture media for algal growth and biopigment production. D. salina is a flagellated, halophile green microalga especially found in brackish water. D. salina is known for its antioxidant activity because of its ability to create large amount of carotenoid. Growth kinetics of cultures was showed on various media with significant modifications such as ASWM1 (2M NaCl), 2ASWM1 (medium composition same as ASWM1 but double strength of 4M NaCl, modified D medium2 (.01 g of NaHCO3 and 2M NaCl), modified Johnson medium3 (3M NaCl), FE medium (2m NaCl).pH was adjusted to 7.8. Maximum growth rate, cell production with maximum accumulation of chlorophyll and carotenoid were found in ASWM. Carotenoid content was found maximum in double concentration of NaCl (4-5molar) in 2ASWM. Chlorophyll content was found maximum in D medium (19.4 mg/gm) and minimum FE medium (2.2mg/gm). Improvement in the carotenoid content with increase in salinity in ASWM could be a good basis for the exploitation of microalgae as a source of biopigment.

Pure and divalent metal ion Mg 2+ doped Copper sulphate and Potassium Dichromate crystals have been grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. The pure copper sulphate and pure potassium dichromate crystals were noted as CUS and KDC. Powder X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the phase formation and magnesium ions doping into KAP crystals. The presence of functional groups in the crystal has been observed by FTIR analysis. Optical transmission studies were carried out by allowing the UV-Vis ray of wavelength between 200 and 1100 nm was pass through the (010) face of the grown crystals. The optical transmission studies reveal that the pure and magnesium ion doped copper sulphate crystals were better transmission in the wave length region of 350 nm to 550 nm. In the case of pure and doped potassium dichromate crystals transmission was better in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 1100 nm. Optical transmission is found to be decreases in pure and magnesium ion doped copper sulphate crystals from 550 nm to 800 nm and above 800 nm it was increases up to 1100 nm.SHG efficiency of all these crystals were not active. The grown crystals were also subjected to FTIR and microhardness studies.

As our life becomes more complex, effective communication is vital in our life. In an organization, communication is an essence. Communication means transference and the understanding of meaning or an idea that is transmitted and understood by others. This paper seeks to understand how effective communication plays its role in an organization. The concept of 7Cs in communication which include completeness, conciseness, consideration, concreteness, clarity, courtesy and correctness are discussed and how this concept can be used to improve communication as well as productivity of an organization. By understanding the concept of 7Cs, it will be a good use for the managers to apply this concept in communicating with the employees thus improving the productivity of an organization.

The purpose of this study, the effectiveness of therapy play on social skills development in the district of Qasr-e Shirin was in the sixth grade students. Quasi-experimental methods, experimental and control groups, and using pre-test - post-test. The subjects, who were 40 in the sixth grade students, multi-stage cluster sampling from three schools of Qasr-e Shirin district, was selected in 2015, and in the experimental group and control group. Measuring devices in this study were social skills Gresham & Elliot, form teacher. The study design was conducted 12 sessions on experimental group, but the control group received no intervention, and one month later, the test was performed on both groups. Data were analyzed using independent t test, the results showed that, post_ the growth of social skills, including cooperation, self-discipline and assertiveness were made. The results showed that the functional role of therapy play is the development of social skills of students. The results of usability, and effectiveness of therapy play, social skills training and development of students, confirms.

In this paper, we have formulated a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of an infectious disease in a certain community. The model allows for the individuals to move from the exposed phase to the infected phase. The model exhibits two equilibria, namely, the disease free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. The stability of these two equilibria points is controlled by the basic reproductive number R0 which was determined using the next generation matrix approach. Using the eigenvalue elasticity analysis, it was found that the parameter denoted by ? (transmission coefficient) has the greatest impact on the formulated mathematical model which must be put into consideration by the health care policy makers in order to reduce or eradicate the spread of the infectious disease in the community.