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The study of liquid/solutions using acoustical methods constitutes the mining field for scientists. Compressibility measurements are highly accurate and yield interesting informations. The sign and magnitude of compressibility indicates the solvation effects. The structural changes in the primary and secondary regions are generally referred to as solvation. The thermochemical parameters have been proven to be a very useful tool in elucidating the structural interactions taking place in the solutions. In the present investigation, BMIMBr is dissolved in formamide and the fundamental quantities are measured in various molalities and the temperatures ranging from 278.15K to 328.15K. In the present study, the solvation of BMIMBr in non-aqueous medium is taken for interpreting the various interactions occuring between the solute and solvent and the effect of temperature and concentration on solvation is also analyzed.

This paper contains the results of a new experimental study of the temperature effect on density and ultrasonic velocity for peanut (Arachis hypogaea), canola (Brassica napus L., Brassica rapa L. and Brassica juncea) and rosa mosqueta (Rosa affinis rubiginosa L.) oils. The Halvorsen’s model (HM), and Collision Factor Theory (CFT) were selected for prediction of these properties, attending to ease of use and range of application. An accurate response was observed, despite of the use of molecular group contribution procedures for estimation of theoretical critical points and the complex nature of the studied fluids.

In Malaysia, global tourism has also proven to be capable of creating job opportunities, especially low-level, service-related jobs such as hotel worker, taxi driver, for the local people. The development of the tourism, can additional income for many household and able to increase the standard of living to the local people such as participation in homestay program. This article writes about tourism, community based tourism and homestay in Malaysia.

ABSTRACT The FT-IR and FT Raman spectra of 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-oxazoline (TMOZ) molecule have been recorded in the region 4000-400cm-1 and 3500-50cm-1 respectively. Optimized geometrical parameters, harmonic vibrational frequencies and depolarization ratio have been computed by density functional theory (DFT) using B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method and basis sets. The observed FT-IR and FT-Raman vibrational frequencies are analysed and compared with theoretically predicted vibrational frequencies. The geometries and normal modes of vibration obtained from DFT method are in good agreement with the experimental data. The Mulliken charges, the natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis, the values of electric dipole moment (µ) and the first-order hyperpolarizability (?0) of the investigated molecule were computed using DFT calculations. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies shows that charge transfer occur within molecule. The influences of oxygen and hydrogen atoms on the geometry of benzene and its normal modes of vibrations have also been discussed. Unambiguous vibrational assignments of all the fundamentals was made using the total energy distribution (TED). Keywords: 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-oxazoline, FT-IR, FT- Raman, HOMO-LUMO, DFT Corresponding author: mobile: +91 0431 2701667. E-mail address: jjmarivu@yahoo.co.in (B. Jayasudha)

Shot hole borer, Xylosandrus compactus (Eichh) is one of the most serious pests of robusta coffee. Small black beetle bore into green succulent stem and make galleries which leads drying of the twig. Ambrosia fungus grows inside the gallery helps the development of the beetle. Whole stages develop inside the gallery and this concealed nature makes it difficult to control. The present review discusses the distribution, taxonomy, biology and the control of shot hole borer.

In this paper, we study 0 – modularity in the lattice of weak congruences. We are going to prove that Cw(L) is 0 – modular if and only if L is a chain.

Child care has become an essential component of life in our society .Quality child care can make a significant difference in child’s development .Here we consider some regulations in favour of lower child staff ratio ,higher educational standards for care givers and smaller group size . In this paper we present a methods for fuzzy risk analysis based on, child- staff ratio group size and care giver ability. We obtain the expected number of children in queue needing attention at any time by using both function principle and Graded Mean Integration method. Furthermore we calculate the proportion of time that a child would spend engaged by using both function principle and Graded Mean Integration method. The model presented in this paper can be applied to other educational services also

In most cases, the importance of local histories in explaining the issues and delicacies of a land or territory is a good guide and answer for people who want to find out more about the history, dignitaries, culture, customs and the status of a region or area. Having prosperous, vibrant and populous regions, the vast country of India has seen a very great and notable civilization and has always been important throughout history, each region which having its own wonders and developments. Although there had been many worth sayings points about different regions of India before the arrival of Islam in this country, all of which used to be cited orally, there have been different books about different regions of the country prepared after the arrival of Islam in this country, especially during the centuries when the Islamic sovereignty was stabilized or Persian Language and Literature developed there. In the first part of the present study, which in fact is an introduction to the writings and compositions of local historiographies, the researchers seek to mention the course of Muslims’ historiography in India from the past until recent centuries. In the second part of the study, they introduce a list of local chronicles together with the name and time of their compilation in about twenty states or regions of India. In the last part, however, they explain the content of some of these works. The indented questions, nevertheless, are that what the position of local chronicles is in the Indian Historiography, what regions or what topics local chronicles have contended with, and when such works have been written. Regarding the data collected for this research, the answer to these questions will be possible and positive and the status of local historiographies in the Indian subcontinent will be characterized.

Internet banking has made drastic changes in the banking system of India. The Indian banking with its large network provides various kinds of E-Banking services to the customer. Now a day’s most of the banking transaction happens through E-touch. E-Banking is modernizing the whole system of the bank with the aid of technology. Though the bankers as well as the customers were facing some initial hitch with the introduction of E-Banking, later stages the country has witnessed a wide spread acceptance of technology for banking. The SBI and ICICI banks plays very crucial role in banking industries. The paper attempts to give an insight on various E-banking services and the latest development in E-Banking for the period of 2010-11 to 2015-16. The paper also focuses on the challenges faced by banking industry in adopting the E-banking with the help of IT.

With the current expansion of the global economy and the fast-changing evolution of technology and innovation, organizations are facing an on-going need for employee training and development. As knowledge increasingly becomes a key factor for productivity, it has also become a currency for competitive success. The resource base approach contends that the organization can develop a sustained competitive advantage only if its activities create value in a unique way, on that competitors cannot easily copy. The human capital cannot be easily copied once they acquire the expertise and the necessary skills and knowledge in their workplace. The study used survey research design because it assessed the nature of prevailing conditions. The research was carried out in Nyamira Sub County. The study target population was 600 respondents. The study sample size will be 362 respondents. Results indicated there was a positive and significant effect between training, job retention and employee performance in Nyamira sub county (b = 0.369, t = 3.62, p<0.05). Results indicate that training contents has a positive and significant (p<0.05) effect on the employee performance in Nyamira sub county (b = 1.18, t-value = 4.93, p-value <0.05). This implies that increase in training contents will increase the level of employees? performance in Nyamira Sub County. From results there was indication that training evaluation and employee performance were positively and significantly associated (b = 0.315, t-value = 4.54, p<0.05). This could be interpreted to mean that evaluation of content of the training and the methods employed, measure performance of knowledge, skills and attitudes against the standard could easily contributed to enhanced employee retention and performance at work.