Archives-June... 

FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 2-amino-4-pyrimidinol (2A4P) have been recorded. The spectra were interpreted with the aid of normal coordinate analysis following full structure optimizations and force field calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) using standard B3LYP/6-311+G** method. Normal coordinate calculations were performed with the DFT force field corrected by a recommended set of scaling factors yielding fairly good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies. Further, density functional theory (DFT) combined with quantum chemical calculations to determine the first-order hyperpolarizability.

Cloud computing provides the way to share distributed resource and services that belong to different organizations. Since cloud computing share distributed resources via network in the open environment thus it makes security problems. All types of users who require the secure transmission or storage of data in any kind of media or network. Since, the data transmissions on the internet or over any networks are vulnerable to the hackers attack. I’m in great need of encrypting the data. I propose a method to build a trusted computing environment for cloud computing system. In this method some important security service including authentication, encryption, decryption and compression are provided in the cloud computing system. Need of this software is divided in to three modules: Encryption, Decryption, and Compression.

In this paper, we study some of the properties of Q-intuitionistic L-fuzzy subnearring of a nearring and prove some results on these.

It could be stated that using GIS and linear assignment for analyzing position data and choosing optimized location, has unique performance, so it is suggested that fire fighting organizations use these software applications to create database. It is suggested that fire fighting organization and safety services, create reasonable relationship with urban service centers to enhance their performance, and equip these centers to safety tools before the incident. The purpose of this study is Study of locating Fire stations using ELECTRE method. ELECTRE method is one of the Multi criteria decision making which can compound the quantitative and qualitative criteria, weight each criterion based on its importance and help decision makers to select the best option at the same time. Electrical method is one of the available methods in compensatory methods. In this method, all options are analyzed and evaluated by non-ranked comparisons. Whole stages of this method are based on coordinated and uncoordinated sets and thus it is called ‘‘coordination analysis’’. The results and findings show that zone (3) dominated (5) times and defeated (1) time, so it is located in the first rank with (4) points and is the most suitable zone for Fire stations. In contrast, zone (4) defeated (5) time and dominated (1) time, therefore it is located in the last rank with (-5) points and is not the most suitable zone for Fire stations. And, zones (2, 5, 1) dominated (4, 3, 2) times and defeated (2, 3, 4) and located in other ranks with (2, 0, -2) points respectively. Also, zones (4,1) should be omitted because their defeated times are more than dominated times.

Indoor radon concentration measurements in some dwellings in four districts in Ghana have been monitored between 3months and 1 year using LR-115 type II Cellulose Nitrate films in the bare mode. The annual average indoor radon concentrations vary from 9.40 ±6.30 to 144±93.80 (Bqm?3) in the bedrooms. Annual effective doses were calculated, using ICRP-65 conversion values, and the average annual effective dose varied from 0.25 ± 0.08 to 4.33±0.47 mSv. Radon concentration levels and annual effective doses were found to be within recommended limits.

The study investigates the direction of volatility spillover between exchange rate and stock prices in Nigeria using quarterly data for the period of 1990-Q1 to 2009-Q4. Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (EGARCH) framework due to Nelson (1991) was employed. Two different stock exchange indicators were used as proxy for stock prices to test the direction of volatility spillover between the variables. Thus we have two EGARCH models. The ADF and PP tests suggest that the series are random walk processes in their level form. The empirical findings suggest evidence of no long run equilibrium relationship between exchange rate and stock prices. It further shows that there is a robust unidirectional volatility spillover running from exchange rate to stock prices irrespective of the stock market indicator used. The result supports the findings of Beer and Hebeins (2008) for industrialized countries. The estimated mean equation showed that there is instantaneous positive response of stock market volatility to exchange rate fluctuation. Evidence from variance equation revealed that volatility persists longer when SMC was used as proxy for stock prices than ASI. The standard deviation statistic showed that stock market indicator is positively related to risk, validating the capital asset market hypothesis.

The study is examined how employee’s job performance is affected by job involvement and reward system. The main objective of this study is examined how job performance of the employees is affected through described independent variables that are job involvement and reward system in banking sectors. This study examined that Effective Reward system and job involvement of employees playing important role in every organization since from many years and organization itself pays more attention to these kinds of sensitive matters because organization knows these 2 matters can increase their overall profit or increase organizational productivity. This study shows Reward system refers to that program which is offered by any organization for the purpose to increase employee performance and employee productivity.

The paper examines the role of Oil Industry in the growth of urbanization in Rivers State. Concentration of oil industry in the Niger Delta with emphasis on Rivers State is as a result of its natural endowment in Oil and gas which leads to the influx of people into the area. Modernization theory as applied in the work explains the linkage between urbanization and oil industry. Despite the adverse effects of oil industry, the paper argues that its influence creates wealth through employment opportunities. Through urbanization, there is increase in crime rate, high cost of living, poor living condition, high unemployment rate and neglect of the traditional economy. To achieve the desired result in this work, primary and secondary sources were adopted. In view of the problems associated with oil industry and urbanization, the paper recommends that forty percent (40%) of the work force should come from the host communities. To decongest Port Harcourt city and its environs, the government and the management of oil industry operating in the state should endeavour to develop satellite towns in the local government areas. There should also be an enabling law to control high cost of living ravaging the state. 

While much research has been conducted in the United States on the use of loan loss provisions (LLPs) as a mechanism for managing earnings, managing capital, and as a tool for signaling future earnings strategies, there is a paucity of research in Europe. In this research, we replicate methodology used by Ahmed, Takeda and Thomas (1998) and examine the relative importance of key factors affecting the LLP decisions of Spanish depository institutions. Among others, we focus on the role of organizational structure. We speci?cally examine if and how LLPs are used prior to and after the implementation of capital adequacy regulations in the Spanish depository industry in 1992. Our results indicate that while LLPs were not used as a tool for managing capital after the new regulation came into effect, banks have now adopted a more aggressive earnings management strategy. This appears to be because the capital adequacy regulation of 1992 removed any capital constraint that hitherto acted as a disincentive to aggressive earnings management. Commercial banks appeared to adopt a more aggressive earnings management as well as capital management strategy than savings banks in the post regulatory era. Finally, we did not ?nd evidence that LLPs were used as a signaling tool by Spanish banks to portray their intentions about future earnings.

Elliptic curves are algebraic curves that have been studied by many mathematicians since the seventeenth century. In 1985, Neal Koblitz and Victor Miller independently proposed public key cryptosystems using the group of points on an elliptic curve. The elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC) was thus created. Since then, numerous researchers and developers have spent years researching the strength of ECC and improving techniques for its implementation. Secure applications in smart cards present implementation challenges particular to the platform’s memory, bandwidth, and computation constraints. ECC’s unique properties make it especially well suited to smart card applications. This paper describes the Elliptic Curve Cryptography algorithm and its security over RSA algorithm.