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The Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) is composed of cement, fine and coarse aggregates and discontinuous discrete steel fibers. In tension SFRC fails only after the steel fiber breaks or pulled out of the cement matrix. The composite nature of SFRC is responsible for its properties in freshly mixed and hardened state. The mechanical properties of SFRC are depending on type of fiber, aspect ratio, volume fraction of fibers and the size of the aggregates. SFRC transfer stresses across a cracked section which increases toughness of concrete in hardened state. This paper invistigate the behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete for compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength, using different types of steel fibers and different aspect ratio.

Watershed prioritization has gained importance in natural resources management, especially in the context of watershed management. The prioritization process identifies the highest priority watershed(s) or erosion susceptibility zone in which to conduct management. Morphometric analysis has been applied to prioritization of micro-watersheds as watershed characteristics of a basin represent its physical and morphological attributes that are employed in synthesizing its hydrological response. The present study makes an attempt to prioritize thirty two micro-watersheds of Dal lake Catchment of Srinagar district, Jammu and Kashmir based on morphometric parameters using GIS techniques. Various morphometric parameters, namely linear parameters and shape parameters have been determined using Survey of India (SOI) toposheets at 1:50,000 scale for each micro-watershed and assigned ranks on the basis of value/relationship so as to arrive at a computed value for a final ranking of the micro-watersheds. The analysis has revealed that the total number as well as total length of stream segments is maximum in first order streams and decreases as the stream order increases. Horton’s law of stream numbers and stream lengths is also found to be in conformity with the catchment.

Treatment of crop residues with some species of fungi can enhance their digestibility. This study investigated changes in the nutrient composition of Cassava Starch Residue (CSR) biodegraded with two selected fungi: Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride. The experimental designed was a 3x4 factorial arrangement. Biodegradation of CSR for 21days at 30⁰C recorded a significant biomass loss of 33.11% (A. niger), followed by 30.01% (combination of A. niger x T. viride) compared to 27.44% (T. viride). The crude protein  increased significantly (P>0.05)  from 4.05% to 7.16%, 6.84% and 6.88% within 14days for A. niger, T. viride and combination of  A. niger x T. viride respectively. Similarly, the fibre in Cassava Starch Residue decreased from 17.07% to 10.31%, 12.83% and 11.89% for the A. niger, T. viride and combination A. niger x T. viride treatments respectively with a corresponding effect of 2897.1%kcal/kgDM, 2719.2kcal/kgDM and 2739.1kcal/kgDM in the level of metabolisable energy. Cellulose was extensively degraded in all the treatments (P>0.05) than the hemicellulose.  Results of this study suggests that fungal biodegradation of whole cassava starch residue is regulated by a complex combination of various factors and consequently enhanced its nutritional profile.

Successive sampling is used repeatedly to survey a population over time. It allows the first sample to be taken (on the first occasion) and a second sample is then taken (on the second occasion). The scheme provides an opportunity of making use of the information obtained in the first sample in improving on the precision of future estimate. In this study, double sampling for regression estimation was used to determine the current estimate of the mean, minimum variance, maximum precision, estimate of change between the two successive occasions under consideration and estimate of average over the period of the two occasions. The data used were based on students’ enrolment in Oyo state public secondary schools and The data were collected from Planning, Research and Statistics Unit, Oyo State Ministry of Education.The current estimates for the student enrolments in Junior and Senior Secondary Schools were found to be 6,372 and 4,925 students respectively. The variances for the current estimate is more precise when ? approaches unity. Sensitivities increased for both the Junior and Senior secondary schools at 0.7 ? ? ? 1.0. The changes in current estimates between the first and second occasion were found to be -110 and -210 for Junior and Senior Secondary Schools respectively. The negative sign shows that there was decreased in number of the students enrolment in both Junior and Senior Secondary Schools in the current year compared with the previous year. Sensitivity was more in µ? for ? ? 0.32 and in ? for > 0.9225 and > 0.7385 for Junior and Senior Secondary Schools respectively. The estimate of average over time for the student’s enrolment in Junior and Senior Secondary were found to be 12, 823 students and 10,063 students respectively. The gain in information changing from one occasion to the next was 238.98% for junior category and 45.37% for Senior Category.

By refusing to separate the management and workforce into water-tight compartments, the concept of Quality Circles made a radical departure from the western style of management. In the Quality Circle approach, the task performers at the grass-root level are given the privilege of participation in progress and to have a say in the work they do. Similarly, when we apply in academics, we suppose that people performing the tasks can rise to the occasion, solve their problems and recommend solutions provided the knowledge to analyze their problems is given. Ownership and responsibility towards the task are passed to the teachers and students doing the job. Quality Circles in academics do not segregate management, teachers and students into different blocks but treat them all as seekers of truth, together treading the path of knowledge. This in essence is the conceptual frame of the Quality Circles when we apply them in education.

Osmotic dehydration of mango fruits (Mangifer indica L.) is directed towards reduction of its seasonal losses at glut. Effects of sucrose concentrations; 40 to 65°Brix; temperatures; 30 to 50 ºC and time of immersion between 0 to 180 min were studied using samples of diced mango cubes of 2 cm3 dimensions. The measured response variables of water loss, solute gain and performance ratio were subjected to statistical analysis. The results were modelled and optimised on the premise of maximum WL and minimum SG and maximum PR as constraints using the modified distance approach of the response surface methodology (Design Expert 6.08). Optimal osmotic dehydration evaluated were 59.19oBx, 32.06oC and 156.min. of 53.03°Bx sucrose concentration yielded 42.32% WL, 3.41% SG and PR of 10.69 with a desirability of about 89.73%. The results showed that all the input process variables had a significant effect at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05). Optimal process conditions adopted in a semi-continuous pilot plant yielded about 47 (%) water loss and 7.1 (%) solute gain of the initial sample content. The system proved efficient in the treatment of mango with performance ratio in the range of 3 – 7 and could be used in the food industry for the preservation of fruits. More so, the model could be used to predict operational conditions for the OD of other similar fruits. Running title: Optimal osmotic dehydration of mango cubes

In this paper we describes and analyzes the Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP),which is a hybrid mobile ad-hoc protocol which fragments the network into overlapping routing zones, allowing for the use of independent protocols within and between the zones. ZRP performance better than other protocols ,but increase network load by use of useless control packets and decrease of network performance.

Background: The parity is the number of times that she has given birth to a fetus with a gestational age of (24) weeks or more, regardless of whether the child was born alive or was stillborn. The aim of this study is to shed more like on the role of effect parity on fibrinogen level. Objectives: study the effect of parity on the plasma fibrinogen in normal pregnant Sudanese women, and determination of levels of plasma fibrinogen in pregnant women Material and method: cross- sectional study was conducted at Algazera& Khartoum states during October to November 2015. (120) normal pregnant women with age ranging (20 – 42) years, classified as (60) non pregnant women (nullparas) as control group, (30) multiparae and (30) grand multipara’s. Results: The concentration of fibrinogen in the multiparae mean (6.20) as compared to (8.52) mg/dl in the control group (P.value 0.266) was insignificant, Grand multipara mean (3.77) as compared to (8.52) mg/dl in the control group (P.value 0.015) were significantly decreased compared to control.Conclusion: Normal pregnant multipara and grand multipara women fibrinogen levels are lower than in aged matched with non pregnant women. These changes are not directly associated with lipid metabolism during pregnancy (8).

Population and workforce, the most important indicators, which should be considered, and the growth of power in each territory are considered. Today, demographic factors and social characteristics of each country or territory, as a major force in determining the fate of the economy - the political and cultural situation, and the quality and efficiency of their current situation and future prospects, can positive and negative factors. The study also examined the distribution of rural and urban populations, migration and dispersal of non-resident population in the country, in order to plan and manage the appropriate distribution of the population, as well as the cause of the distribution is paid. Required data population ( total population, rural population (total, male and female), non-resident population (total, male and female ), and immigrant intake ), this research is provided for each province, and after review and the data transferred to the GIS environment, and maps of each of the demographic factors, to better understand the zoning for the entire country, and the reasons for the uneven distribution of population was described, The results indicate that, Tehran as the country's most populous province, and the province's most vulnerable immigrant is introduced. Ilam, in terms of population and in terms of immigration, there is the last category provinces, Khorasan Razavi province, has the highest rural population, and Qom, has the smallest population is rural, Sistan and Baluchestan Province has the highest number of nomadic populations, and Qom was seen as the minimum number of rural population, had the province in terms of soil and water are no facilities for pastoral work.

This paper explains the process of measuring and analyzing Bank’s total productivity (BTP) and the productivity changes in bank branches using Slack Based Measure (SBM) of DEA and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). in Export Development Bank of Iran (EDBI). For this purpose, we have measured and analyzed the productivity growth in EDBI branches using MPI in the period of 2000-2011. The trend of efficiency scores’ moving averages confirms improvement in BTP over the period of study. Moreover, the results show %1 and %2 on average improvement in the productivity of EDBI branches in period 2000 and 2011, respectively.