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Human Evolution is traced to a period of about two million years. The early evidence comes from East Africa. Gradually human occupation spread to other parts of the world. With the invention of making and controlling fire, man could adopt himself to cold environments. In. the course of his adaptations, many inventions made his life comfortable and enjoyable. Man's activities have considerable impact on the earth. It may be quite difficult to isolate the contribution made by man for the changing environment. The expansion of holes in the protective layer of Ozone in the atmosphere IS attributed to the release of certain chemicals produced by man for the purpose of cooling used in refrigerators, many observations regarding the temperature of the earth indicate that slowly the atmosphere is getting warmer which may lead to the melting of ice and rising of water levels in oceans and endangering a larger populations which lives in low¬-laying coastal areas of the world. Part of the warming is traced to the release of emission gases resulting in farm fuels. There are moves to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels so that the global warming can be checked to a great extent. An evolution of the state of environment and the measures taken to maintain the balance is presented in the paper.

The purpose of the study was to investigate managerial factors influencing churches to sponsor public schools in Turbo Division, Uasin Gishu County. The specific objective of the study was to establish the influence of managerial roles of church sponsors. The research question was; do managerial roles influence churches to sponsor public schools in the study area. The literature review was guided by the objective of the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design .The target population of the study was 97 public schools. The study involved 41 church sponsored schools involving 23 primary school and 18 public secondary schools. The respondents were school management committee, Head Teachers and Board of Management. Data was collected using questionnaires, oral interviews and observations. The data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Researcher presented data using tables and figures. The results from the principals indicated that; there is undue interference in the day to day running of the school by the sponsors, the sponsor also promote the unnecessary transfer of head teachers. The sponsors on the other hand constantly harass and intimidate the principals resulting in bad working relationship between the school and the community and finally the sponsor do not understand their mandate and respect the jurisdiction of the principals. The findings indicates that the majority of the public church sponsored schools administrators do not enjoy good working relationship with sponsors. It was recommended that the church sponsor should evaluate the academic qualifications of the persons nominated to the school management for competency.

This research was carried out to monitoring natural radioactivity level in rock samples were taken from Northern Nuba Mountain, Dallanj region - South Kordofan State. Gamma ray spectroscopy technique was used to evaluate radioactivity level to establish background radiation level. Measured activity concentrations of radionuclides 226Ra,232Th and 40K ,absorbed dose and annual effective dose were found 23.56±2.11, 29.57±4.33 and 330.58±37.06 Bqkg-1 and 33.34±3.39 nGyh-1 and 40.92±4.16 µSvy-1 , respectively. The obtained data shown that values are far below than reported global data. Estimation of the relative contribution of the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K to the overall absorbed dose in air discovered that the main contribution comes from 232Th 53.57 %.

A micromechanical 221 MHz silicon resonator is designed and demonstrated. The vibration mode can be characterized as a 2–D plate expansion that preserves the original square shape. The prototype resonator is fabricated of single-crystal silicon by reactive ion etching a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. The measured high quality factor and current output make the resonator suitable for reference oscillator applications. An electrical equivalent circuit based on physical device parametersis derived and experimentally verified.

As mercury (Hg) amalgamation is an inexpensive, quick and simple way to extract gold, it is currently the method most commonly used in Artisanal gold mining in Ghana and most developing countries. However, the activities of these Artisanal miners result in the release of Hg into the environment by amalgamation tailings and amalgam burning. These amalgamation tailings often left behind forms Hg “hotspots” in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem, forming the main source of Hg dispersion. An investigation was conducted in the Asutifi district, hosts for several artisanal gold mining centres to ascertain the levels and the degree of mercury contamination in amalgamation tailings. The degree of contamination were assessed using mathematical model index approach, geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factors (EF). The average Igeo for Hg in tailings (0.5) denoted uncontaminated to moderately contaminated, whilst the EF indicated very high to extremely high enrichment.

In order to assess if there is a potential of solubilizing trace metals from minerals by saline intrusion in costal aquifers, a series of simulations were conducted. Numerical simulations were conducted for a series of saline intrusion scenarios and different aquifer geochemical conditions like; in presence of dolomite, qurtz and pyrites. The effect of saline intrusion induced trace metal solubilisation was assessed using a PHREQCI hydro geochemical model incorporated with minteq.v4 thermodynamic database. For simulation the physicochemical parameters of groundwater (which contains lead and copper in trace level) of the costal aquifer of Mumbai, India was taken in input file. Results show that Cerrusite and Cuprite are the predominant mineral phases in equilibrium with groundwater for Pb and Cu respectively. Further simulations at different rate of saline intrusion revealed that Pb and Cu mobilization increases with the increase in saline intrusion and exceeds their maximum contamination levels (MCL). The involved mechanism in mobilization of metal ion is nothing but the desorption of the metal ions from mineral surface by competitive positive ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and subsequent formation of soluble complexes by counter ions like Cl-, SO42- and CO32-.The study revealed that the presence of dolomite in the aquifer accelerate the desorption of the Pb and Cu from mineral.

Operational strategies of pharmaceutical companies are changing every decade, in line with changes in production management, focusing primarily on productivity and economies of scale, economy quality, production flexibility on the scheduling of production, customer, and then - to the economy of speed, innovation and knowledge, skills and cooperation. The Operational strategies of pharmaceutical enterprises change every decade, in line with changes in production management, focusing primarily on productivity and economies of scale, the quality of the economy, ensuring the flexibility of production in the production planning account, customer orientation, and then-at the speed economy, innovation and knowledge, skills and cooperation.

Title: Model for reform Consumption Drug in chemical veteran Background: Drug is one of strategic goods and strategic goods are often deal with nutrition, defend & health of community and it consist of basic needs of community. Drug need in chemical ventures may undeniable but not having comprehensive knowledge about drug consumption in high risk patients may harm injuries hardly during time that one of its affects is living with intensive cares because of this reason this survey is aimed to study this rate of chemical ventures’ awareness about drug consumption and designing a model for reforming consumption. Objective: This research was aimed to study knowledge of drug consumption in chemical ventures in Nesar Direh village in the first half of 2009 solar year. Methods: This research is a case comparison study that has done with longitudinal method in the first half of 1388 in 80 chemical ventures of Nesar Direh village in Gillan-e-gharb area in Kermanshah province that separated this sample in 2 groups: 40 persons as intervened group and 40 as comparison one regarding with the same condition. Data was collected by research team with using conversation, observation, survey on documents such as medical descriptions, drugs, inpatient documents, drug basket and etc with using questionnaire and checklist that are designed by researcher (consist of 10 aspects) that is used after measuring it’s validity and reliability by professionals idea during 3 stages in 2 weeks and finally acceptance of university teachers. Finally data was analyzed with SPSS12 software and using descriptive statistics methods. Findings: findings are shown that the sex of comparison group is 18 men and 22 women and also the same in intervened group. Other details of both groups are shown in table 1. The rates of knowledge are the same in 10 aspects in both intervened and comparison group before intervention but after that this rate increased in 8 aspects but not increased in 2. Will fully drug consumption and using emergency drugs such as calming and conforming drugs are the uncontrolled factors during the research. Also the findings showed that there is significant meaning between the sex and consuming emergency drugs. Discussion & Conclusion: The results are shown that consuming drugs are critical now and guide to using maintenance system beside increasing knowledge of high risk injuries such as chemical ventures and designing a model for reforming consumption. Spending time leads Iran’s pharmaceutical system to critical path compare with other countries, in addition lead to exit money and increasing health expenses from GNP and this issue cause disability for inventing and making new drugs in Iran that are already made in the other countries.

The present article discuses the problems of new Unitary Quantum Theory in its applications to the different aspects of the reality. There are spectacular examples of such applications. The Modern science cannot explain origin of life's.

Nigeria is a multi-ethnic nation with cultural differences between its component ethnicity groups. From the north to the coasts. The range in type of social system, minority allocation Federal character and Revenue allocation. This diversity has resulted into major problems namely: Problem arising between the larger ethnic groups and the hostility that derives from competition between peoples for wealth and power. This paper examines the political implication of the diversity and the problems created by it for the survival of Federalism in Nigeria by using secondary sources of information and made recommendations based on the findings of the study