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Drying is known as one of the oldest and best method for keeping the agricultural materials and food products. In process of drying, utilization of energy makes that drying seems an activity with the most consumption of energy. In this paper, kinetics of drying of banana pieces was carried out using Hybrid Dryer. In our experiments, dryer were regulated in velocities of air of 1, 1.5 and 2 m/s and temperatures of 60, 70 and 80?. Banana pieces were cut with thickness of 5 millimeter. In order to achieve the fit model in molding of kinetics of drying, it must be examine the models. Thus, in this research, 8 models were selected randomly to obtain the fit model. In evaluation of models, among the 8 models, Aghbashlo model was fit model. The model called fit model that it has highest value for R2 and lowest values for RMSE, and MBE in all of the experiments. Variation domain of energy of activation and diffusivity of moisture of effective were 6.52×10-9 to 9.20×10-9m2/s & 50.61 to 53.79 kJ/ mol., respectively.

The study was an attempt to evaluate the effect of child labour on economic development. A sample of 200 respondents, 50 from each of the selected markets was used. Data was collected through interview of selected respondents. The formulated hypothesis was tested with the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical tool. Findings revealed that the groups did not differ in their perception of the essence of education. It was also found that majority of the children involved in child labour live with their parents and relations, who do nothing meaningful to earn their living, but depend solely on the meagre income from the cheap labour supplied by their children. It was recommended among others that Direct Action Programmes which entail the immediate withdrawal of children from hawking, prostitution etc should be embarked on.

The concentration and spatial distribution of trace metals Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Hg were measured in surface water and sediment of East Usambara Mountains (EUMs) River in Tanzania. Concentrations ranged from below detection limit (bdl) to 4.86 mg/l and bdl to 157.98 mg/kg dw in surface water and sediments, respectively. The levels of the metals in water were within the Tanzanian drinking water limit standards, but exceeded the World Health Organisation (WHO) drinking water limit guidelines. Concentrations of the metals in sediments in most of the locations were observed to be higher than the average concentration in the upper Earth’s crust. Wastes from artisanal gold mining and agricultural runoff were considered to be the major sources of the elevated metal concentrations in water and sediments of the study area. The extent of the trace metals pollution in surface water and sediments of EUMs rivers catchment implies that acute health consequences could be insignificant, but chronic adverse health effects due to prolonged pollution and long term exposure through food contamination, washings, animal keeping and fishing could be certain.

This study assessed the effect of lemongrass tea (LGT) on liver function indices in humans. One hundred and five participants ingested the LGT prepared from 2, 4, and 8g of LGL powder once daily for 30 days. Serum ALP level increased throughout the study period; although only the increase at day 30 reached statistical significance, while serum AST and ALT were not significantly different from baseline values. At days 10 and 30, serum total bilirubin significantly increased and decreased respectively. Ingestion of LGT may be associated with transient hyperbilirubinemia, and sustained elevation of ALP.

More than millions of people are living under the threat of influenza virus over the world countries including Nepal. The pathogenesis of this disease is not clearly understood and is probably attributed to genomic variations in viral strains as well as the host genetic makeup. The present study is to determine the role of polymorphism of TNF-alpha promoter regions at positions -238G/A, -308G/A, -857C/T and -863C/A in the severity of Influenza A Pdm/09 patients. Total of 500 patients including 300 Influenza A Pdm/09 (RT-PCR positive) and 200 apparently healthy individuals (Influenza A Pdm/09 Negative by RT-PCR) were included in the study. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using site specific restriction enzymes were implemented for polymorphism study of TNF alpha promoter. Following the analysis of the digestion patterns of four polymorphic sites of the TNF- alpha promoter region, a significant association was observed between the allele -308A with the patients of Influenza A Pdm /09 patients. TNF- alpha 308 G/A has been shown to be associated with elevated TNF- alpha transcriptional activity. As per the literature search, this is the first study to identify the role of TNF- alpha promoter in Influenza A Pdm/09 infection. Our results show that subjects with - 308A more vulnerable to the severe form of Influenza A Pdm/09 infection

The State of the art of concrete filled steel tubular columns is presented in this paper. Experimental data has been collected and compiled in a comprehensive format listing parameters involved in the study. Areas of further research are presented and results of ongoing experimental and numerical investigations are also shown.

Macro benthic invertebrates are an important and integral part of any aquatic ecosystem as they form the basis of the tropic level and any negative effects caused by pollution in the community structure can in turn affect tropic relationships. These can include those that feed on them directly or indirectly such as fish and bird populations, respectively. In addition, aquatic invertebrates have the ability to clean rivers as they utilize the organic and detritus matter. According to Carlisle etal., 2007 macro-invertebrate populations in streams and rivers can assist in the assessment of the overall health of the stream. During the present Survey of at Mansarovar talab 32 species of Macro invertebrates were recorded which belong to represented 11(eleven) species of oligochaeta, 2(two) species of Hirudinea (Leeches), 8 (eight) species of Gastropoda, 3 (three) species of pelecypoda (Bivalvia), 4 (four) species of insect 2 (two) species of ostracoda and 2 (two) species of Branchiopoda. The Present study was carried out at Mansarovar Talab of Jeerapura, Dhar (M.P.) during a Jun 2014-July 2015.

The present study is about Viewers Perceptions about Code of Ethics and its Applications in Political Talk Shows (A Survey Conducted at Sargodha City). Political talk shows Capital Talk (Geo News) Kal Tak (Express News) On the Front (Dunya News) Sawal Yeh Hai (ARY News) and News Beat (SAMAA TV) are selected for this study. Total two hundred respondents have been selected for data collection with the help of questionnaire from Sargodha city. Social responsibility theory (SRT) is use to check the application code of ethics of media in the society. The Social Responsibility Theory (SRT) claims that the media has a duty to public and this theoretical approach is a result of shifting media ethics. Present research is identified to find the impact of analysis and discussion by experts through politics talk shows and opportunity of media ethics. This is becoming a more and more essential issue in modern society. Do the anchorpersons of TV political talk shows have focus on social responsibility and respect for media ethics in order to satisfy the public? Empirical findings show that Geo News program Capital Talk is more frequently watched by viewers as compared to other political talk show. It is also finding that Geo News program Capital Talk provides more political awareness as compared to other political talk shows. Findings show that Javed Chudary in his political talk show (Kal Tak) followed code of ethics as compared to other anchorperson TV channels.

Software protection is an area of active research in which the software industry is encountering a number of threats. Software piracy is one such threat, which proves detrimental in protecting the intellectual property rights. There have been a variety of techniques developed to address the issue like software watermarking, code obfuscation, and tamper-proofing. In the current research we address the issue of software piracy through a prevention technique known as software watermarking which aims at providing copyright protection and authorized access of commercial software. In this paper fragile software watermark is used to embed personal information into the software. Then this personal information is merged with the hardware parameters of the client machine extracted during the process of installation and License key provided by the vendor. This combined string (Watermark + Hardware parameters + key) is send to the server for registration. This process is implemented and tested on different machines and the accuracy of the proposed model is found to be 99%. The proposed model will be beneficial in combating software piracy and securing the software from redistribution.

Wireless Sensor Network has a growing demand worldwide. This network plays a vital role in creating reliable and scalable system making human life easier and faster. WSN is a sensitive network which is effective and efficient. In this paper we have implemented WSN for keeping regular updates on a health of a machine and its control. For wireless communication purpose Zigbee protocol is deployed. Required algorithms have been developed allowing evaluation of additional parameters using data from measurements held.