Archives-j 

Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients presents clinical and paraclinical atypicalities making the diagnosis of this pathology difficult.We report in this manuscript the observation of a patient with multifocal tuberculosis revealing HIV infection.

This paper presents various types of interpolation techniques to obtain a high quality image The difference between the proposed algorithm and conventional algorithms (in estimation of missing pixel value) is that if standard deviation of image is used to calculate pixel value rather than the value of near most neighbor, the image gives the better result .. The proposed method demonstrated higher performances in terms of PSNR and SSIM when compared to the conventional interpolation algorithms mentioned.

Smile is an expression that exhibits a feeling of joy, success, sensuality, affection, and reveals self-confidence and kindness. The harmony of the smile is determined not only by the shape, the position, and the color of the teeth, but also by the gingival tissues. In case the gingival tissues do not exhibit harmony with that of smile the individual loses self-confidence. The maintenance of esthetics in the anterior zone is important and especially if the patient is female the importance increases. The present case report, highlights the importance of perio-esthetics in maintaining the harmony of the gingival tissues.

Periodontal regenerative therapy aims to predictably restore the tooth’s supporting periodontal tissues and should result in formation of a new connective tissue attachment (i.e. new cementum with inserting periodontal ligament fibres) and new alveolar bone. Numerous clinical trials have shown positive outcomes for various reconstructive surgical protocols. Reduced probing depths, clinical attachment gain, and radiographic bone fill have been reported extensively for intrabony and furcation defects following scaling and root planing, open flap debridement, autogenous bone grafting, implantation of biomaterials including bone derivatives and bone substitutes, guided-tissue regeneration (GTR) procedures, and implantation of biologic factors, including enamel matrix proteins. The present article aims at providing an overview on basic principles of periodontal regeneration, various materials being used and recent techniques in periodontal regeneration and factors influencing the outcome.

The oxidative decolourization of AMCOT Red 3BLF in aqueous medium has been studied using photo Fenton process. Fenton’s reagent (H2O/Fe3+) was used to generated hydroxyl radical (?OH). A visible light source was used to provide radiation for photo Fenton process. The experimental parameter such as pH, air, light, time and catalyst strongly influenced the dye removal rate in photo Fenton process. The result shows that the AMCOT Red 3BLF bleaches upto 70% within 4 hrs and degrades into CO2 and H2O. The proposed mechanism for the reaction of ?OH with AMCOT Red 3BLF dye molecules is summarized.

Intestinal phytobezoars are rare causes of small bowel obstruction. Treatment consists of surgical extraction by enterotomy. We report a case of small bowel obstruction on a phytobezoar in a 66-year-old woman treated by enterotomy followed by manual extraction.

Thevetia peruviana, cultivated as an ornamental plant and planted as large flowering shrub, belongs to the family Apocynacea. The aim of this study is to screen the phytochemicals present in the leaves of Thevetia peruviana and further analysis of the components present in it by GC- MS analysis.The leaves were sequetially extracted based on the polarity viz., hexane , acetone and methanol and subjected to phytochemical screening which revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavanoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, quinones and saponins.The GC- MS analysis of the acetone extract revealed the presence of 33 compounds. This study forms a basis for the biological characterization and importance of the compounds identified.

Plant diseases are widespread by a variety of pests, weeds and pathogens and can have devastating effects on agriculture if not treated in time. Farmers face a myriad of challenges due to adequate water supply, premature rain, storage facilities, and diseases of multiple crops. Plant diseases are a major threat to farmers with enormous production and economic loss. Identifying disease on a few hectares of farmland can be a daunting task, even in the presence of modern technology. Accurate and rapid disease prediction for early crop disease treatment has proven to be productive for healthy crops as well, minimizing personal financial loss. Many studies use modern deep learning approaches to improve the accuracy and performance of object detection and identification systems. Crop diseases are a constant challenge for smallholders, threatening income and food security. The proliferation of smartphones and recent revolutions in computer vision models has created a method of image classification in agriculture. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are considered the cutting edge of image recognition and offer the possibility of making timely and clear diagnoses. This article examines the performance of a pre-trained ResNet 34 model in the detection of plant diseases. The developed model can be used as a web application to detect seven plant diseases from healthy leaf tissue. A dataset containing images of 8,685 leaves. Captured in a controlled environment and established for model training and validation. Verification results show that the proposed method can achieve an accuracy of 97.2% and an F1 score of over 96.5%. It demonstrates the technical feasibility of CNN in plant disease classification and points the way to AI solutions for smallholders.

To contribute to the resolution of the problem relating to the growth of plantain (Musa spp.), the growth parameter of plantain was evaluated under Kindu conditions using the Fertilizers (Control, Sawdust and rice husks) as substrate. The experiment was conducted in the experimental device installed in the concession of the University of Kindu, department of phytotechnics comprising 6 treatments, corresponding to ten repetitions for each treatment. The observations made during this investigation focused mainly on the diameter at the collar (cm), Height of the pseudostem (m) and the leaf area). The results obtained showed that: The height of the pseudostem, the diameter at the collar and the leaf area varied from one cultivar to another and according to the fertilizers used; - Sawdust was the best fertilizer, compared to rice husks and controls; - the Mbonjilo C4 cultivar is the tallest cultivar, from the point of view of the collar diameter it is the Mbudi 1 cultivar, on the other hand from the leaf area point of view it is the Mbonjilo cultivar which has the most open leaves.

Kurdistan area as a part of Iran has an important role in economy , security and production . Author studies the education and social services in this area that includes Kurdistan provinces and mostly they speak Kurdish language.As this part of country is very important the writer has studied the education and social services situation in this area . Using the library and field research and reliable resources and analytic deduction I have compared the literacy situation in 1390 census. The literacy situation in a group of six years old and more children and college students also health situation for mortality and medical have been studied . The interval between these indices and the country is determined. In this article the results show that the average literacy in Kurdistan of Iran in 1390 census is 80.22 percent while in the country is 84.75 percent. And this interval is less in rural areas, it means that the literacy in Kurdistan rural areas is about 73 percent and in the is 75.10 . Also ratio of professor to the student in the country for 5.98 students is one professor while in Kurdistan area is 6.81 . About health , Kurdistan situation is really different from the country for example about mothers mortality because of pregnancy in 2009 in the country 437 and in Kurdistan 60 people are dead. IF we compare this figure with Kurdistan population ratio to the country we can see that there is a significant interval between these indices. Kurdistan population is 9.41 when the babies morality is 13.72 in the country and the total mortality in this year is 5.1 percent in the country .And the mortality in the area is 5.2 percent.Now according to research conclusions and significant differences between social and public indices : Kurdistan area needs to a serious and special attention and the area social policies need to be review seriously because this area has an important role in producing agricultural – garden productions and the country security . Also, education is very necessary in this area. It sounds that education is a base to decrease the significant intervals in the indices of the area and the country .We can gain this goal by planning for the country educational system and training the skillful and experienced work force.