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In this study, corporate law will be discussed based on the interests of shareholders and creditors. We hypothesized that, based on the reason-based choice of maximization of corporate value by reputation, the use of the Nudge does not eliminate the inefficiencies caused by increased transaction costs for interest adjustment. Conventional financial evaluation is treated as a separate index. In addition, we assume high transaction costs for the interest adjustment of shareholders and creditors. However, it is possible to set forth the same goal of creating corporate value by reputation, suggesting the possibility that conflicts of interest eventually subside. In addition, we want to develop the idea of interest adjustment of parties as reciprocal altruism through behavioral economics.

In recent times, among of the major problems in oil palm plantations is the lack of proper interpretation of yield maps for site-specific management. The ability to determine and diagnose leaf factors that influencing yield variability of oil palm will benefits in managing the plantation for better yield. A study on spatial variability of N, P, K, Mg and Ca in oil palm leaf was carried out at the Dusun Durian Estate of Golden Hope Plantations Berhad in Selangor, Malaysia. The aim of this study is to obtain accurate and timely information on the spatial distribution and status of N, P, K, Mg and Ca in leaf using semivariogram analysis and geographical information system (GIS), and its correlation to oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield. The collection of leaf tissue data was conducted using systematic sampling. A GPS device (AgGPS Trimble) was used to precisely determine samples locations. Geostatistics software and classical statistics were used for data analysis. Correlation analysis was used to determine the strength of the relationship between nutrient content in leaf tissue and FFB yield. From kriged map, results indicate that about 32.2% of the area is low in yield, 51.6% is moderate and 16.2% is high in yield, respectively. Correlation analyses shown the total of N and available of P in the leaf have strong positive relationship (r2 = 0.84 and 0.83) with FFB yields. Thus, result implies that N and P in leaf tissue can be used to determine the FFB yields for oil palm production.

Plastination is a technique for the preservation of human and animal tissues of body parts for teaching and research. it used more than 40 medical and dental colleges in throughout the world. The plastinated specimens are more use full in the field of anatomy, pathology and surgery and all so the plastinated specimens can be displayed in all museums for the public. Keywords: Plastination, preservation, anatomy, pathology, specimens.

A three dimensional eco-epidemiological model consisting of prey, susceptible predator, infected predator species, is proposed and analyzed in the present work. From infected predator, the disease is transmitted to the susceptible predator species. Differential predation rate is considered due to disease in predator as the infection reduces the predation ability of infected predator. The recovery of infected predator from disease is incorporated; therefore, an SIS model is taken for predator species. The dynamics of the system is analyzed mathematically and conditions for existence and stability of disease free equilibrium point has been found out. Also conditions for disease to be endemic in predator species are obtained. Numerical simulations have been carried out to justify the results obtained.

We are very happy to announce that from 20th January 2011, Prof. lixiaofang has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on the Digestive System. Prof. lixiaofang is currently an Associate professor at Digestive System Department, The first people’s hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, China. The appointment of Prof. lixiaofang as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 21st March 2011, Dr.K.Geetha has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on the Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Dr.K.Geetha is currently working as Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India. The appointment of Prof.K.Geetha as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links with Iran and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

Program Slicing is a method for automatically decomposing programs by analyzing their data flow and control flow. Slicing reduces the program to a minimal form called “slice” which still produces that behavior. Program slice singles out all statements that may have affected the value of a given variable at a specific program point. Slicing is useful in program debugging, program maintenance and other applications that involve understanding program behavior. This paper is a review paper on program slicing.

The Madrassa education system, which produced many legendary figures in strengthening the religious and social wellbeing of the Kerala state, is in the verge of decline. The responsibility for the failure of the system falls on the religious organizations, teachers, parents and the Mahallu committee. Contemporary Kerala society needs the rejuvenation of the Madrassa education system to ensure religious harmony and overall development of the community and the society. This paper tires to expose the failures of the Madrassa education systems in Kerala and puts forth the remedial measures to rejuvenate the system.

This treatise is envisaged to draw attention to a pertinent stratum of enacting the research problems of philosophy of education. This discourse elaborates the general perception of the concept research in academic disciplines, and then delineates the essence of research in philosophy of education. The purpose of this treatise is to enhance the meeting point between philosophy itself and education as two distinct academic disciplines. In this regard it is fundamentally necessary to accentuate what is relatively positive and constructive in creating a reasonable connection between philosophy and education exclusive of probable partiality to any. As such, the process of teaching and learning or rather education itself and by extension pedagogy occupies a larger space than the theories, principles, and methods as reflected in epistemology, axiology, metaphysics, and logic as the principal components of philosophy as a distinct discipline.

Previous studies indicate that career choice has become a problem to secondary school students all over the world, Kenya included. Migori sub-county in Kenya is particularly disadvantaged in terms of career development in comparison with neighboring sub-counties such as Kisii. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between self-esteem and career choice behavior among secondary school students in Migori sub-county. Descriptive Survey Design and Correlation Design were used. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Career Decision Scale were used to collect data from students. Test-retest reliability was estimated by Pearson’s r which yielded .82 for Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and .80 for Career Decision Scale. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics that included frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. Structural Equation Modeling was used to make statistical inference using model fit and regression estimates. The study revealed that the level of self-esteem and career choice behavior was high. However, career choice behavior for males was generally different from that of females. The relationship between self-esteem and career choice behavior was statistically significant (p<.05). It was concluded that self-esteem does influence career choice behavior. The findings are significant to students, career counselors and policy makers to improve students’ career choice by raising their self-esteem.