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Ten (10) brands of industrially manufactured Soft Drinks in Nigeria were randomly selected and subjected to bacteriological analysis by the pour plate count method. 1ml of each brand of the soft drinks were dispensed into different sterile Petri dishes while 12mls of molten Nutrient Agar and MacConkey Agar respectively were poured into the petri dishes at about 37oc, thoroughly mixed, allowed to set and incubated aerobically at a temperature of 37oc for 24 hours. The number of colonies was counted for viable cells per ml of the original sample. The colonies isolated from the samples include Ribena: Staph aureus 11(2.6%), E.coli 2(19%), Klebsiella pneumonia 2(3.2%); Pepsi Staph aureus 0(0%), E.coli 0(0%), Klebsiella pneumonia 0(0%). Coke: Staph aureus 0(0%), E. coli 29(27.8%), klebsiella pneumonia 0(0%). Schweppes: Staph aureus 57 (13.4%), E.coli 0(0%), Klebsiella pneumonia (0)0%. Lucozade boost: Staph aureus 3(0.7%), E. coli 0(0%), Klebsiella pneumonia 0(0%), Maltina: Staph aureus 48 (11.3%), E.coli 41(39.4%), klebsiella pneumonia 0(0%). Sprite: Staph aureus 24 (5.6%), E.coli 32(30.7%), Klebsiella pneumonia 0)0%), orange juice: Staph aureus 0(0%), klebsiella pneumonia 0(0%). Malta Guinness: Staph aureus 92 (21.7%), E. coli 0(0%) klebsiella pneumonia 61 (98.8%) Fanta: Staph aureus 189 (44.6%), E.coli 0(0%), klebsiella pneumonia 0(0%). The highest number of colonies was found in fanta while lucozade boast yielded the lowest number of colony, pepsi and orange juice, showed no growth. Staph aureus had the highest prevalence while klebsiella pneumonia yielded the lowest number of organism. It is also recommended that regulatory agencies should ensure strict adherence to established standards, manufacturers should ensure that the soft drinks must be free from contaminants, and workers should regularly be screened.

Lead is an environmental pollutant which does not only affects human but animals as well. Lead poisoning is the common cause of toxicity in cattle and advancing due to industrialisation. Lead toxicity in cows is an economic loss and also food safety issue in terms of milk, dairy products and meat. Thus, there should be a constant checking on the concentration of lead in cattle. There has, however been little research concerning lead exposure in cattle in India. The objective of this study was to detect the level of lead in cows in Bangalore, India. 15 blood samples from cows were collected in 4 different areas namely Kalenagrahara, Gottigere, Basavanapura and Kalkere in Bannerghatta and analysed using Lead Analyser(Lead Care II). Fodder and water sample were also analysed by X Ray Fluorescence and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy respectively in order to find out the possible source of lead. Blood lead levels in cows from all the 4 areas ( below 4.7 µg/dL) were within the accepted limits. Fodder and water levels of lead ranged below 45 ppm and 0.0053 ppm respectively; and all were within the accepted levels. It is thereby concluded that level of lead in cows in has not reached an alarming level and thus does not pose a threat to animals and man

There has been recent upsurge, alleging judicial bias in sentencing process, especially in awarding capital punishment. Even Apex Court has admitted that doctrine of ‘rarest of rare case’ is not working properly. Taking note of that, few scholars blamed the very core of sentencing policy, and demanded ban on capital punishment. Their argument is precisely based on constitutional doctrine of ‘arbitrariness’, ‘equality’, and ‘fairness’. This work examines few of such allegations, and explains that non-implementation of ‘rarest of rare’ formula may be rooted in lacadiascal approach by the trial courts. However, the doctrine is, constitutionally unassailable.

This quantitative descriptive study aimed to identify the influence of coaching relationship on the coaching communication by the perception of polytechnic lecturers. A total of 411 lecturers randomly selected from the five polytechnics which successfully obtained an overall excellent performance including academic standards and quality management through the recognition of the polytechnic ratings. Data for this survey were collected through a questionnaire which was adapted from an instrument used by Heslin, VandeWalle, and Latham (2006), and Gregory and Levy (2010). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that coaching relationship had positive and significant influence on coaching communication. In term of the implications, this study showed the role of the middle manager is extremely important in creating the coaching relationship in order to improve coaching communication performance.

In the present study the test was carried out for the screening of antimicrobial activity of clove oil extracted from clove. Screening was done using agar well diffusion method against Bacteria and Fungi. 4 Bacterial and 10 fungal species were taken. According to the result clove oil was effective against Bacteria as compared to Fungi in particular concentration. We can conclude by our work that clove oil is better for antibacterial. It has also been noticed that by increasing concentration of clove oil the growth of fungi has decreased.

Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory, infectious disease of tissues that support the teeth and caused by a particular microorganism or group of specific microorganisms. Periodontitis associated with other condition, such as candidiasis caused different and resistant clinical signs. The aims of this study is finding presence or absence of the fungus Candida albicans in patients with periodontal pockets in chronic periodontitis with various grades of slight, moderate and sever before and after periodontal treatment phase I. Patients with chronic periodontitis criteria into three groups of 21 people with slight moderate and sever groups. After sampling the deepest periodontal pockets of patients using paper point No.45.samples of paper points placed in 1 ml sterile saline, centrifuged and then were transferred to medium chrome agar. The green colonies of Candida albicans were found in the culture medium were counted for each patient then patients treated by mechanical periodontal treatment phase I, including health education, scaling and root planning. After 6 weeks, the patients re-sampling of deepest periodontal pockets were planted just like before and Candida albicans were counted again. The colony before treatment (p<0/001) and after treatment (p<0/001) was associated with disease severity; and disease severity in all three groups, the mean of colonies was significantly reduced after treatment (p<0/001), so that the average number of colonies decreased in patients with sever disease and it was significantly higher than the mean and the median was more than slight (p<0/001). It appears that fungus Candida albicans colonies influenced on the severity of the disease and periodontal treatment phase I can be effective in reducing the fungus and decrease was associated with disease severity.

The study assessed the level of gender involvement in household farming decisions and identified constraints to women involvement in household farming decisions in Lafia Local Government Area, North-central Nigeria. Data were collected through structured questionnaire administered on sixty (60) farming households randomly selected for the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The results showed that men dominated (with involvement rate of 79% on grand average) all aspects of household farming decisions (such as selection of farm enterprise, procurement of farm inputs, allocation of farm inputs, selling and storage of excess farm produce) except for household decisions concerning processing and consumption of farm produce dominated (73.5% on grand average) by females members of farm households. Poor personal linkages to socio-economic institutions, land holding constraint, women farming skill, household violence, traditional and cultural belief were constraints to women involvement in household farming decisions. It is recommended that extension activities be expanded to include sensitizing male household heads on need to involve their women in the household farming decisions for greater productivity and to enhance household food security.

This work deals with the vibrational spectroscopy of 4-Fluoro-2-Nitroanisole by means of quantum chemical calculations. The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra were measured in the condensed state. The fundamental vibrational frequencies and intensity of vibrational bands were evaluated using density functional theory (DFT) with the standard B3LYP / 6-311+G** basis set combinations, and was scaled using various scale factors which yields a good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies. The vibrational spectra were interpreted with the aid of normal coordinate analysis based on scaled quantum mechanical force field. The results of the calculations were applied to simulated infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound, which showed excellent agreement with the observed spectra.

This paper describes three phase bi-directional battery charger widely used in Energy storage application. The full bridge scheme is widely used for the high power application. The high-frequency transformer is used for the isolation purpose. This paper describes the design and simulation of a 7.75-kW, full-bridge, bi-directional isolated dc-dc converter with active front-end converter (AFC). The AFC is connected with the 3-phase ac system, which provides 650 to 700 dc voltage to dc-dc converter with lower value of THD (according to IEEE- 915) and improve power factor at input side. The dc-dc converter converts 310V from 650V for charging the battery. Software tool PSIM is used to obtain the simulation result of the converter. The closed loop system is simulated to achieved voltage and current ripple at output side less than 1% rms of rated voltage.

Current FPGA soft processor systems use dedicated hardware modules or accelerators to speed up data-parallel applications. This work explores an alternative approach of using a soft vector processor as a general-purpose accelerator. Due to the complexity and expense of floating point hardware, these algorithms are usually converted to fixed point operations or implemented using floating-point emulation in software. As the technology advances, more and more homogeneous computational resources and fixed function embedded blocks are added to FPGAs and hence implementation of floating point hardware becomes a feasible option. In this research we have implemented a high performance, autonomous floating point vector co-processor (FPVC) that works independently within an embedded processor system. We have presented a unified approach to vector and scalar computation, using a single register file for both scalar operands and vector elements. The FPVC is completely autonomous from the embedded processor, exploiting parallelism and exhibiting greater speedup than alternative vector processors. The FPVC supports scalar computation so that loops can be executed independently of the main embedded processor.