Archives-j 

Overlay text brings important semantic clues in video content analysis such as video information retrieval and summarization, since the content of the scene or the editor's intention can be well represented by using inserted text. Most of the previous approaches to extracting overlay text from videos are based on low-level features, such as edge, color, and texture information. However, existing methods experience difficulties in handling texts with various contrasts or inserted in a complex background. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to detect and extract the overlay text from the video scene. Based on our observation that there exist transient colors between inserted text and its adjacent background, a transition map is first generated. Then candidate regions are extracted by a reshaping method and the overlay text regions are determined based on the occurrence of overlay text in each candidate. In this paper represents comparative approach between edge and change in intensity models that are computationally fast and invariant to basic transformations like horizontal, Vertical and scaling. We demonstrate that change in intensity context can be used to detect overlay text regions. Intensity context describes all boundary points of the shape with respect to any single boundary point.

In this paper, we made an attempt to study the algebraic nature of intuitionistic fuzzy subsemiring of a semiring.

The research is an attempt to analyze the essence of experiential marketing in marketing communication through the consumers of shampoo, an FMCG with stiff competition where ‘experience’ of the consumer influences his loyalty towards the brand. From the study it was found that experiential marketing plays a vital role in marketing communications.

Multilevel inverter technology has emerged recently as a very important alternative in the area of high-power system. They give low harmonics, smaller distortion even at low switching frequencies and has low commutation loss but they suffers from complexity problem requiring large number of power devices and complex control algorithm. This paper presents some important topologies like diode-clamped(neutral -point clamped), capacitor-clamped (flying capacitor), and cascaded multicell inverter with separate dc sources and comparison between these topologies is done on the basis of total loss and estimated cost of each topology .Other emerging topology and modulation schemes are also discussed along with their advantages.

Now-a-days, the vehicles are becoming more sophisticated with features like GPS navigation and airbags for safety. In spite of this the victims of the accidents which occur at remote locations do not get prompt medical service. There are several cases where the accident victims lose their lives due to lack of medical assistance. In such situations the advancements in technology does not seem to be useful. This paper specifies the system that would automatically detects an accident and notifies the nearest rescue service which will enable the accident victim to receive instant medical help and assistance.

Terrorism in the 21^st century globally, has taken a dangerous and alarming dimension which has a catastrophic consequences on the economy of the affected state if not contained. Boko Haram a terrorist Islamic group in Nigeria whose name translates to western education is sin or taboo has become a major security challenge to the Nigerian state. The terrorist activities of this group has negatively affected the Nigerian economic development, which has been stagnated before now by the presence of the military in seat of power coupled with a culture of corruption which has almost become synonymous to the Nigerian state. This research article was embarked on to ex-ray the Nigerian Boko Haram Saga and it’s implication on Nigerian economic development. the study was subcategorized into introduction which established an over view of the theme, origin and background of Boko Haram, some of the Boko Haram Haram’s record of attacks on Nigeria state and economy, Nigerian economic development (a review), sociol-economic cum political implication of Boko Haram terrorist activities in Nigeria, Nigerian government effort to curb Boko haram Menace, Recommendations and conclusion.

Career is of immense important and plays vital role in life of an individual. In Pakistan mostly students don’t plan about their professional career during their studies and even if they plan, the planning is very vague and ambiguous. The aim of this study is to discuss the perception of business students about their career and explore the factors which influence their choice. In order to achieve this end, 300 business students were randomly selected from Lahore Business School. The data was collected through structured questionnaire. Data is analyzed by using SPSS, simple descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation and frequency distribution is used for analysis. It had been revealed that majority of students like to choose finance as their career furthermore results showed that the most influential factor was personal interest (Mean = 4.15 & S.D=1.04), followed by Team Work Skills (Mean = 4.10 & S.D= 0.97).

Two  appropriate post-tax petroleum exploration models were constructed and tested for three hypothetical field profiles (i.e low, medium and high volume fields) from a development economics perspective and the proposed tax regimes tested for both oil price and development cost ($/bbl). 40% government participation through the international oil company was considered in both cases. The resulted government takes for the first proposal are 76.89%, 83.07%, and 86.94% for low, medium and high volume fields respectively. Respective percentages for the second proposal are 76.20%, 80.03% and 85.43%. These values are above the average global take of 64% but within the range of 40% to 87% for most world oil producers. Analysis of the models indicates an increase in government take as the development costs ($/bbl) increases but a decrease when the oil price ($/bb) increases, which shows regressivity. However, the second regime shows more neutrality, efficiency and focused stability, though still maintaining high government take. This contributes to more attraction for investment from both government and investors perspective. Thus, the second fiscal proposal is recommended to the Nigerian government, considering its incentives.

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is a promising biocontrol agent against coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei in coffee. The fungus conidial survival was influenced by both environment and agrochemicals normally used to protect crop plants. The present study evaluates the fungitoxic effect of commonly used chemical insecticides (endosulfan, chlorpyriphos, dimethoate and quinalphos) and fungicides (bordeaux, hexaconazole and triadimefon) on germination, vegetative growth and sporulation of B. bassiana. The insecticides and fungicides were tested at three concentrations (Field Recommendation (FR), half FR, and twice FR). All the tested concentrations inhibited the germination (9.0-81.19% and 19.3-100%), vegetative growth (0.5-62.9% and 37.1-100%) and sporulation (7.0-99.9% and 99-100%) of B. bassiana by the insecticides and fungicides respectively, but dimethoate exhibited minimum inhibitory effect. Dimethoate showed better compatibility to B. bassiana in all the three concentrations. As dimethoate is safer to biological control agent, could be used as an integrated pest management in coffee.

The Efficiency, Performance and Activity of a RDBMS must be consistent. This consistency is achieved through Concurrency Control. Concurrency control deals with the issues involved with allowing multiple people simultaneous access to shared entities, be they objects, data records, or some other representation. The Concurrency Control mechanism ensures that the database maintains its consistency. Concurrency control of distributed transactions requires a distributed synchronization algorithm, which has to ensure that concurrent transactions are not only serializable at each site where they execute, but that they are also globally serializable. The advanced protocols put forward are focused on increasing the level of concurrency and simultaneously decreasing the rate of transaction restarts. Some protocols also compromise consistency in order to achieve concurrency. Several Concurrency Control algorithms have been suggested and implemented and used in a variety of real world applications. This article reveals the analysis of various Concurrency Control Techniques on the database systems and further discusses some of the Hybrid Techniques, which provide efficient Concurrency Control on database systems.