Psychology

The suggestion and the hypnosis has been used since ancient times, both magical - religious and curative purposes. Considering that the disease creates a weakness, anguish and uncertainty, the patient is experiencing a period of regression and resignation which will increase the sensitivity to suggestion. To increase the effectiveness of psychotherapy, which is used in the treatment of mental disorders, it is necessary that between therapist and patient to be a reciprocal respect and consideration. The patient must believe that the therapist understands his problems, accept difficulties as being usual and solvable, this fact is generated him a sense of support and hope. Without trust curing the disease becomes almost impossible. Besides the direct approach of problems, even the non – verbal behavior of the therapist is very important, because it may be the vehicle of both positive and negative suggestions. The expectations of the patient have also a highly suggestive potential, either negative or positive. This relationship between therapist and patient has great importance also concerning the placebo effect. The therapeutic effect is based on faith, suggestion, motivation, expectancy and the prestige of the therapist. The responsibility of the therapeutically act favor the appearance of knowledge and influence suggestive strategies.

Teachers’ professional training and socialization was strict and disciplined already at the beginning of the 19th century in Finland. A teacher’s job was not just to teach in the classroom; the requirements insisted that after the school day the teachers continued their work by offering activities to the villagers. The purpose of this research is to show how the prospective teachers of the Finnish early primary school were socialized for this demanding job in the college of Tornio. The teacher college of Tornio was founded in 1921 and its purpose was to educate women from northern Finland. This research answers the following questions: 1) What kind of free time activities did the teaching staff offer for the teacher students? 2) What kind of behavioral expectations were leveled at the students’ free time activities? This research is mainly based on the archive sources, which were carefully studied using the pedagogical history method. The ideals and values of the Finnish culture have always reverberated to teacher education.

The field of SLA is relatively new, but different classifications have been suggested for its development (Mitchell & Myles, 2004). Indeed, there is an anonymous agreement that the establishment of SLA as a field of enquiry goes back to 1950s- 1960s (Schachter, 1998). As for the classification proposed by Ellis (2009), one development dealt with the scope of the field of enquiry. While much of the earlier work had focused on the linguistic, and especially the grammatical properties of learner language, and was psycholinguistic in orientation, later work attended to the pragmatic aspects of learner language and increasingly, employed a sociolinguistic perspective. A second development concerned the increasing attention paid by SLA researchers to linguistic theory, in particular the theory of language associated with Chomsky's model of grammar: Universal Grammar. A third development was the marked increase in theory-led research. Whereas much of the earlier research was of the research-then-theory kind, typically consisting of the collection and analysis of samples of learner language, later research was increasingly theory-led and experimental in style.

The present study examined the moderating effect of adolescent’s intrinsic motivation to accomplish on the relationship between temperament and computer game playing among 400 Iranian adolescents. The findings highlighted that moderating effects of intrinsic motivation to accomplish moderated the relation between novelty seeking with video game playing (b= 2.15, p?.001). As a conclusion, intrinsic motivation to accomplish would influence on the relationships between novelty seeking and video game playing.

The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the identified five dimensions of emotional intelligence, namely self-awareness, emotional management, self motivation, empathy, interpersonal skills and academic performance. This study aims to identify whether the five dimensions of emotional intelligence have been able to contribute to academic performance. Statistical inference of the Pearson-r and multiple regression is used to analyze the data. The results showed that the significant relationship between self awareness (r = 0.21), emotional management (r = 0.21) and empathy (r = 0.21) at the level of p <0.05 with academic performance. Findings from multiple regression analysis (stepwise) showed that only three dimensions of emotional intelligence which is self-awareness (ß = 0261), self motivation (ß =- 0182) and empathy (ß = 0167) accounted for 8.7% of variation in criterion (academic performance). Research also presented a model designed to reflect the relationship between the dimensions of emotional intelligence and academic performance. These studies imply that the level of emotional intelligence contributes to and enhances the cognitive abilities in student. Thus, in increasing student academic performance. The stability of the emotional intelligence of a student will help to produce a competent generation and successful country in line with the philosophy of education.

This paper is examined status of madheshi women in Nepal. In Nepalese context, the madheshi women as being on the lowest rung of caste hierarchy are deprived from the accessibility of different types of capital, symbolic, economic, and cultural except the social capital. They have low partake in different part of development activities of the country. Madheshi women are backward than Pahadi women communities women because of restricted equality and discrimination recognition due to deficiency of literacy..

This study aims to examine the learners’ and the teachers’ attitude towards learning English. It aims to explore the existing co-relationship between the attitudeand the achievement in English. The paper is limited to the JCC which may be applicable to any other college that is of similar type. The focus group has been used as a technique of data collection, however, personal experience and observation play a major role in the process of interpretation, conclusion and recommendations. The findings show that the positive attitude towards learning/teaching English plays an important role in the overall achievement in the target language. It has also been noticed that though the Saudi people realize the importance of using (especially speaking) English, they tend to show indifference towards those who try to interact in the foreign language. It is found that there is a positive correlation between attitude towards learning/teaching English and their proficiency in it. In addition, the study reveals that students have open access to use media technology such as websites, online learning, college developed e-learning resources etc which could be proved to be effective techniques and strategies for the target language achievement. On the other hand, it has also been realised that inspite of the fact all the necessary equipment and resources are in practice, the achievement is not upto the mark. Thus, teachers’ role is quite crucial in this connection. Many other studies can be undertaken to prove the positive effect of the attitude of the teachers/learners on learning in general and language achievement in particular.

Since assertiveness and communicative skills and their effects on a teen-ager's everyday life is of importance, a detailed study of the concepts can be useful in educating children with hearing impairments. This study aims to find out the effect of training communicative skills on deaf and partially deaf teen-agers' assertiveness. the method is pre-test, post test with a control group. the subjects are 65 female deaf and partially deaf students in Amol city 2012-2013 with ages ranging 15-20. From the subjects, 30 were randomly selected and divided into two groups i.e. experimental and control groups with 15 subjects in each. Alberti and Emmons assertiveness test was used to collect data. The experimental group underwent communicative skill training for 6 sessions; each taking on hour in one and a half month, held once a week. The results showed that the training had a positive (at: P=0.000 level) on the student' assertiveness.

In this paper Bessel type differential operator and an n-dimensional pseudo-differential type operator involving the n-dimensional Hankel type transformation is defined. The symbol class is introduced. It is shown that pseudo-differential type operators associated with symbols belonging to this class are continuous linear mappings of the n-dimensional Zemanian space into itself. An integral representation for the pseudo-differential operator is obtained. By using the Hankel type convolution, it is shown that the pseudo-differential type operator satisfies a certain norm inequality.

There has been an ongoing debate about the importance of the English language. Employers are lamenting that new graduates these days lack communicative proficiency in English. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors which contribute to English proficiency in Chinese students in Johor Bahru. Investigating the factors that contribute to English proficiency might partially explain the occurrence of underachievement in the learning English. The study was conducted with a self-reported questionnaire as an instrument. Data was collected from a sample of 119 students from Southern College, a Chinese community run college based in Johor Bahru. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 11.5. Descriptive statistics showed that respondents have interest in the language but lack confidence and motivation in using English. The independent variables which were hypothesized factors were correlated with the dependent variables. Findings showed that although parents and close significant others do have influence on the respondents’ attitude and perception towards the English language, their English proficiency grades were not influenced by them. In conclusion, socializing factors such as family members and significant others are not significant contributors to English proficiency in Chinese students in Johor Bahru but they do contribute to the positive attitude and perception towards English that many of the respondents have.