Social Studies

This study was investigated the factors influencing Somali women in political participation in Mogadishu, Somalia. The main objectives of the study was to determine the influence of culture on women?s political participation in Mogadishu, Somalia, to find out the influence of economic resources on women?s political participation in Mogadishu, Somali, to determine the influence of religious beliefs on women?s political participation in Mogadishu, Somali. To achieve the objective of the study, case study was employed as research design, the target population of this study was Somalia women those involve political activities; therefore, the total target population of this study was stand 147. This study concern Somali women on political participation in Mogadishu, Somalia. The sample size of the study was 129. The sampling procedure of this study was non-probability sampling procedure particularly purposive sampling to select the respondents based on these criteria. The questionnaire was used for collecting data. The frequency and percentage distribution was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the respondents. The mean and standard deviations was applied for the levels of Somali Women and small Political participation. The main finding of the study was that the cultural factors are the main causes of stereotypes influencing women?s political participation. Also finding revealed that economic resources are obstacles that influencing women?s political participation. Finally the study revealed that religious misperception hold women back to participation political activities. The study recommended government and the judiciary should ensure the enactment of family law and enforcing any other law intended for women?s political participation and emancipation.

There has been a lot of mushrooming of SMEs, particularly in the rural parts of Kenya. The Small scale and medium enterprises (SMEs) contribute immensely to the women’s socio-economic empowerment and hence the growth of most of the world economies. To drive this affirmative action agenda, KWFT funds the SMEs inclined to women groups. However, the economic impact of this on women is still very low. Most women are still poorer than their men counterparts. It was therefore necessary to investigate the influence of awareness of KWFT services on socio-economic empowerment of women entrepreneurs in Kenya. The study objective was to examine the influence of the level of awareness of women on KWFT services on socio-economic empowerment of women entrepreneurs in Kenya. The outcome of the study would be significant since it would be a means to empower women entrepreneurs by enhancing awareness on Services rendered by KWFT. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 60 women entrepreneurs while interview schedule was used to obtain information from five KWFT staff. Simple random sampling was used to select the 60 women respondents and purposive sampling was used to select the five KWFT respondents. The result from the pilot study was used to validate the instruments and to enhance the appropriate reliability coefficient. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of quantitative data was done using correlation and multiple regressions. The findings were then presented in tables. The collected qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis into the themes (patterns) that emerged from the study. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was computed at p?0.05 level of significance to show the relationship between the variables. Results indicated that majority of the women entrepreneurs (97 percent) were members of registered self- help groups. The study findings revealed a high positive correlation (r =.96) between level of awareness of women entrepreneurs about KWFT services (r = .243) on socio-economic empowerment of women. All the two variables added statistically significant to the prediction, p < .05. The research study concluded that, women who were aware of the services of KWFT were more likely to utilize them for socio-economic empowerment.

This paper re-examines the evidence for cointegration between international stock prices. It applies Johansen’s maximum likelihood (ML) cointegration method Var and impulse response stock price of Nigeria, the United Kingdom, Morocco, South Africa, Tunisia and the United States, with monthly data covering the period of 01/02/2004-01/07/2016. it finds at most one cointegrating vector from the developed market to emerging market. The results show that no bivariate cointegration exists between the Nigeria and any of the stock markets being studied, and the multivariate cointegration confirms the result. The findings on dynamic return linkages is that there is no significant returns linkages among the markets, with the exception to UK. Indeed FTSE100 is the most exogenous. Therefore, all markets are not exposed to the same set of risk factors and the risk premia on each factor varies among all markets. The non-existence of a cointegrating relationship between the Nigerian market and the considered stock markets implies that these markets offer potential for pairwise portfolio diversification for a Nigerian portfolio manager

This study is relating to the study of relation between the level of using internet among juveniles and their tendency to delinquency. In this study that has been performed as one field we study meaningfulness of the relation between the juveniles who use internet and non users based on the tendency to the delinquency and it is determined that there is a meaningful relation between the level of using internet among juveniles and their tendency to delinquency

The article presents the concept of leadership based on Apostle Paul. Some reflections are made and analyzed. Concepts from the Old ant the New Testaments were considered and narrowed to St Paul. The bottomline is that we should look up to Jesus as the ultimate authority and be subservient to the pedestal of Paul in choosing leaders for the work in the Church of God today. to avoid confusion, divisions and its attendant consequences in the church.

Over two decades, Somalia has been intense fighting, population displacement, food insecurity, humanitarian crisis and generalized lack of centralized governance structures. Somalia has been lacking a functioning state since the overthrow of the military government. However, personal interests, power and economic ambitions of warlords caused the rebel factions to fail in the formation of inclusive government to settle the country from what was perceived by them as social, economic and political injustices committed by the military regime. Somalia civil war went through different phases and caused the death of hundreds of thousands of Somalis in different ways, while many others left the country to get peace and life in other countries. Throughout the lawlessness of the country, warlords and clan militias fought for the control of power and resources. That situation affects peaceful, co-existence and the attainment of sustainable development goals of the people and country at large. Political instability mainly resulted of the inability of government to perform and the weakness of national institutions and competency of rule of law in the country. The general objective of this study was to assess the factors influencing the political stability in Somalia by measuring strategic leadership, corruption and government policies. The researcher used descriptive statistics research design both in qualitative and quantitative. The target population of this study were the members of Parliaments and Cabinet of the Federal Government of Somalia and selected 80 people as sample size using Slovene?s formula. Data was collected through questionnaire and finally processed and analyzed the result using computer SPSS. During the study found that the examined factors have a significant influence on political stability. It was obtained that strategic leadership and government policies have a positive significant influence on political stability while corruption has negative significant influence on political stability. Interpretation is to mean that the above variables are very important to overall the political stability issues in Somalia. The study by (Kew 2006), (Harriman, 2006), (Adejumobi, 2004) and (Adejimi, 2005) is partially supports by the findings of this study. Also indicates that strategic leadership and government policies are the most effective and enhanced factors of political stability of Somalia and but corruption influences negatively with stability which causes instability. This researcher recommends on two issues; corruption and leadership which meant to address policy makers those willing to make a positive change in attainment political stability.

Taking a critical analysis of human rights observation over the years, one is faced with the reality that a society where the human person enjoys human rights and full dignity has remain an ever-enduring dream and almost a mirage. The objective of this study therefore is to assess the relationship between human rights observation and true democracy. Data were collected through the administration of structured questionnaires to 150 respondents. However, only 75 respondents returned their questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentage analytical methodology. Findings revealed that democracy in Nigeria is an aberration of the ideals of democracy and leaves little to be desired with plethora abuses of human rights. The study therefore recommends that focus should be on how to ensure that the tenets, norms and principles of democracy are fully observed by those elected into offices, and that government should do its best to see that factors that hinder speedy dispensation of justice are mitigated. The study also recommended that the press that is assigned the responsibility of upholding the fundamental objectives of the state, must adequately monitor leadership behavior and style and make their public debates with a view to selecting incorruptible and honest leaders. The study conclude that the act of good governance cannot be discovered in any document rather it is in the willingness of those who governed to provide good leadership. Therefore, Nigerians and people the world over must of necessity direct their attention to fair exercise of power granted by the constitution by those in leadership positions rather than look for perfect constitutions.

The transtheoretical model of behavior change is an integrative theory of treatment that analyses a person's readiness to adopt a new, healthier habit and offers solutions, or change processes, to help them do so. Stages of change, processes of change, and levels of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance are among the constructs in the model. The transtheoretical model is also known by the acronym "TTM" and the term "stages of change," however the latter word is a synecdoche because the stages of change are only one component of the model, which also includes processes, levels of change, and so on.

Growing public interest and awareness of environmental issues have contributed to the global spread of pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) schemes, highlighting their effectiveness in promoting cultural change toward more responsible and sustainable consumption practices. The objective of this paper, after a systematic review of the literature, is to analyze the system, methods, and calculation of point-based taxation, focusing on the benefits: from the point of view of environmental sustainability, the application of the point-based tariff leads to a reduction in waste, while increasing sorting and recycling; from the point of view of local finances, this could reduce the costs of waste management services, through more efficient use of public resources.After outlining trends in using the PAYT system in Italian municipalities over the past five years, we focus on implementation in Benevento, a medium-sized city in southern Italy. Introducing this system involves several significant investments, funds for which can be raised from Recovery and Resilience Plan funds and through a complex administrative process.

This research work is on building reliable strategies for pension administration in Delta State Civil Service. The aim is to help the Nigeria civil service to build strategies for pension administration in Delta State. The paper adopted the system theory as the theoretical framework. The sources of data collection for this work are primary and secondary source. The study recommended that committees should be set up to conduct the performance of pension boards and other pension agencies also. And responsibilities should be assigned to the right people who have access to the right information concerning retirees.