Physiology and Anatomy

The Objective of the study was to compare the % maximal heart rate achieved by the subjects at the end of each test to verify whether or not % maximal heart rate achieved by post 6 minute step test is more than 6 minute walk test 6MWT and 6MST were performed according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines. Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate, Oxygen Saturation, Heart Rate and %Maximal Heart Rate were measured and recorded. The Cross Sectional Observational Study performed on Local Football Club , Pune. The heart rate post 6MWT increased significantly but within normal range (p <0.04).The mean % MHR pre-test was 38% and post-test was 42%. The heart rate post 6MST increased significantly too but within normal range. The mean %MHR pre-test was 37% and post-test was 47%. (p <0.01). As there is a significant increase in the %MHR post 6 minute step test in football players, it can be concluded that the two tests i.e. 6 minute walk test and 6 minute step test are not interchangeable in the following population. This also concludes that the 6 minute step test can be used to increase the cardiovascular endurance in Football Players.

The kidney transplant is above all a social project, based on a gift of generosity and solidarity. The specific activity of kidney transplantation from a living donor requires close collaboration between clinicians and biologists.Living-donor renal transplants are further characterized as genetically related (living-related) or non-related (living-unrelated) transplants, depending on whether a biological relationship exists between the donor and recipient.It’s the interest of this review with in the last part the path of the donor and the recipient for a possible kidney transplant with a donor living in the renal transplant department at the military hospital of Rabat.

Intestinal cystic pneumatosis is a rare, benign and often an asymptomatic disease. It is considered to be one of the main causes of non-surgical pneumoperitoneum. We report the case of a 53 year-old woman with diffuse pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis revealed by a pseudo-occlusive syndrome and whose diagnosis was suggested by imaging. The evolution under medical treatment was simple and without having to resort to surgery. 

Microscopic colitis, including lymphocytic colitis (CL) and collagenous colitis (CC), is a chronic inflammation of the colon accompanied by non-bloody aqueous diarrhea, while the colonic mucosa has a normal or almost normal macroscopic appearance. It is a benign affection that can evolve spontaneously towards remission or, more often, evolve with phases of respite and relapse. The physical examination is strictly normal and laboratory tests do not reveal any anomalies. The diagnosis will be confirmed by colonic biopsies staged per-colonoscopy. CL is characterized by an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes, while CC is characterized by a thickening of the subepithelial collagen band. In the light of data from the literature, we will study the epidemiological, clinical, endoscopic and histological characteristics of microscopic colitis through a series of 20 cases collected in the Medical Clinic B of IbnSina University Hospital in Rabat.

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a common bacillary infection in our population but primary tuberculous liver abscess in a non-immunocompromised patient is an extremely rare occurrence. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature to this day to our knowledge. Its management often requires medical treatment or in combination with percutaneous drainage, but it may take on a surgical appearance. We report here a new case of an isolated tuberculous liver abscess extended to the chest wall in a 32 years old female which was successfully managed with surgical approach and anti tubercular therapy. This location presents a considerable diagnosis challenge. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver cystic lesions, especially in a high tuberculosis prevalence country.

Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS) is generally a rare complication, little-known, and remains probably under-diagnosed. Its causes and favorable factors are numerous. Eclampsia is widely one of those factors. The diagnosis is raised based on clinical and radiological signs and an adequate and early management usually help prevent the occurrence of irreversible sequels.

Castleman’s disease is a rare pathology of unknown etiology with different clinical manifestations, which creates both diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. It’s abdominal localization is rarely described. There are no characteristic signs in imaging, and the diagnosis of certainty is histological. The management of Castleman's disease and its prognosis differ depending on whether it is localized or pluricentric. The localized form usually develops favorably after surgical excision. We present a particular case located in the mesentery, revealed by repeated hematemesis.

HHE syndrome is characterized by the occurrence of prolonged clonic seizures with unilateral predominance occurring during fever in infancy, who subsequently develop a transient or definitive hemiplegia. Later partial epilepsy is often observed. We report a case of a four-year and nine-month-old boy with hemiconvulsion–hemiplegia–epilepsy (HHE) syndrome documented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in its acute phase. In particular, T2 and DWI abnormalities appear to be well correlated with parenchymal damage that results from sustained ictal activity.

Our study proposes a quantitative investigation to identify trends of anxiety and physical activity among medical students or graduates while studying for the United State Examination Licensure Examination Steps at Pass Program in Champaign, Illinois. The research emphasizes students' physical activity and anxiety contributing to study performance, such as retention and concentration with USMLE question bank improvement. The quantitative research study aims to evaluate medical students and graduates by providing participants with questionnaires. The study is divided into two phases. The first phase provides a clinical questionnaire to participants, and the second phase interviews to evaluated responses and eliminate any barriers in the research. Students or graduates engaged in physical activity are more likely to retain and have efficient concentration while studying for the USMLE examination. Physical activity controlled participants' anxiety; however, physical activity did not significantly change the daily USMLE test banks. Medical students and graduates are less physically active and have developed generalized high levels of anxiety. The study estimated that 73.3% of students claimed that they suffer from anxiety, contributing to test banks' low performance. The research has shown that medical students and graduates are not regularly physically active. Females are less physically active than males. The concentration results presented that 59.7% of participants stated daily physical activity improved concentration by providing efficiency on USMLE question banks. 59.5% of participants mentioned that physical activity significantly helped students and graduates control their anxiety levels. 51.1% of participants stated they did not witness any significant changes (increase or decrease) in daily question bank performance with regular physical activity. 46.9% of students stated that physical activity improved retention of study material with daily physical exercise activity. The research has significantly shown medical students' and graduates' study hectic schedules hinder participants' physical activity. The stress of USMLE has caused students and graduates to experience a high level of anxiety. Students or graduates engaged in physical activity are more likely to retain and have efficient concentration while studying for the USMLE examination. Physical activity controlled participants' anxiety; however, physical activity did not significantly change the daily USMLE test banks.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare disease accountable for giving a heart failure, which affects women in the last month of pregnancy or within the first 5 postpartum months. Early signs and symptoms of heart failure may not be seen, they are often considered as a normal part of pregnancy. When such symptoms and signs are not diagnosed or managed accurately, the consequences can be deleterious for the patient. We are going to briefly report a case of a 28-years-old woman, without any preexisting structural heart disease. The woman, after 3 months of vaginal delivery following normal pregnancy, was admitted for cardiogenic shock and distal lower Limb Necrosis secondary to peripartum cardiomyopathy. Such complications are uncommon, and the management was not easily accepted by the patient.