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This study examined the relationship between EFL learners’ attributions for success and failure in learning a foreign language and their self-perceived communication competence. To this end, having homogenized the learners via the Interchange Objective Placement Test (IOPT), the Causal Dimension Scale (CDS-II) and the Language Achievement Attribution Scale (LAAS) were administered to 72 EFL learners studying at two English language institutes in Iran. Six causal attributions (ability, effort, task difficulty, mood, luck, and teacher) together with four attributional properties (locus of causality, stability, personal control, and external control) were compared with learners’ self-perceived communication competence. To see whether there is any significant relationship between learners’ attributions and their self-perceived communication competence, Pearson product-moment correlation was applied to the data. The results showed significant correlations between some of the LAAS, but not CDS-II, subscales and learners’ scores on the SPCC scale. Results from Regression Analysis (using LAAS) revealed that task difficulty attribution was the best predictor for low SPCC scores, indicating that students who attributed the outcome of their test to the difficulty of the task received lower grades on the SPCC scale. Finally, statistical results were discussed, and implications for English language teaching were suggested.

This paper examined the link between corporate governance and organisational performance in the banking industry. The objectives of this study were to investigate the significant difference between corporate governance practices and organisational performance and also to examine whether corporate governance variables used in this study were predictors of or were associated with organisational performance in the banking sector in Nigeria. The study employed survey research design. The subjects were employees of five banks in Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data was obtained through questionnaires to get opinions of employees in the five banks. Five hypotheses were formulated and tested using Correlation Analysis, Regression Analysis, and T-test. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between Corporate Governance practices and Organizational Performance. It was also shown that corporate governance policies, and Shareholder Right and responsibilities jointly predicted Organizational Performance. In addition, it was shown that there was significant relationship between Shareholder right and responsibilities and Organizational performance. Lastly, research found that corporate governance policies and corporate governance practices jointly predicted Organizational Performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the management and staff of the banks should make it a point of duty to understand the concept of corporate governance and carry along the various stakeholders with a view to improving organizational performance.

The aim of this study is to improve Poisson distribution for the approximation of a generalized binomial distribution and to combine the improved Poisson distribution with financial terms for the purpose of evaluating a European call and put option. It was found that the improved Poisson approximates generalized binomial when ? [ ], approximates generalized binomial sufficient enough n, B/A+B when and ? and also that the problem of option for non-dividend paying stock can be approached using an improved Poisson distribution function equipped with some financial terms. The .numerical results obtained is the same as in [4], using the numerical data. Relevant connections of our work with the earlier work is pointed out.

The distribution automation system, should be the relationship between the different parts, this connection is performed by the telecommunication system. This study is based on a descriptive analysis and use of available resources to analyze automation telecommunication , and how it acted. Results indicated that collected information, tools and measuring equipment, as well as status indicators, this data includes voltage lines, switch status and key, and the temperature of the transformer and is, by means of relays digital, CT, PT, PI, or error detection, etc., collected, and for the electrical signal, is ready. The instrument is needed, to the various data collected, and ready to send. The device should be able to, such as terminal information act, and electrical signals different, the voltages and current levels vary in a range acceptable, and to send ready, and at the same time be able to signal receive operation also , to apply to the equipment, to reach the desired voltage level. The device, remote terminal units, or the so-called RTU, called. Telecommunication system, should be able to kind of adjustment between the data created. The data on the one hand, the path between the terminal and the control center to travel. Information, telecommunication system, some changes are to transfer from the environment to be prepared. These changes are known to act modulation. After sending the photo changes based on the signal, the signal becomes understandable message back into shape.

This short article addresses several prevailing issues evolving from the growth of Indian industries and portrays the prospective of India to be transformed into World’s manufacturing hub. Thereafter several criteria and sub-criteria are identified which are crucial in this regard. In order to understand the scope of India to turn out to be the potential manufacturing hub, a relative and comparative analysis has been carried out using a Multi Criteria Decision Analysis tool namely Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The result obtained, demonstrates that India is an automatic choice as the hub of manufacturing, since all the important resources are available in abundance.

Due to economic reasons arising out of deregulation and open market of electricity, modern day power systems are being operated closer to their stability limits. Maintaining voltage stability and specified voltage levels at all nodes in a large & heavily loaded Power network is a critical & challenging task for power engineers. A number of different approaches have been reported in papers for improvement of voltage stability. In this paper a method for improving voltage stability in a power network has been suggested based on Network Reconfiguration approach. Network Reconfiguration is intended to enhance the voltage stability by determination of switching options that maximizes voltage stability for a particular set of loads and is performed by altering the topological structure of the system. In this paper, reconfiguration of a power network is achieved by addition of new power lines to the existing network. The paper reports an application of ANNs in voltage stability enhancement. A generalized ANN model has been proposed for enhancement of voltage stability under varying load conditions. Training data sets for ANN training is generated by varying both real and reactive loads at the buses. An IEEE-14 Bus system considered to demonstrate the performance of the developed ANN model. The proposed ANN model is trained using conjugate Gradient Descent Back-propagation Algorithm and tested by applying arbitrary input data. The test results of the ANN model are found to be closely matching of the results obtained by off-line simulation.

Bacterial antagonism is a phenomenon in which the growth and activity of other bacteria is inhibited. In general microorganisms produce secondary metabolites which are not as essential for the survival of the organism. The organism produces an inhibitory product may be an antibiotic which doesn’t allow the growth of other organisms. In this present study the bacteria are isolated from the gut of short horned grasshoppers and screened for antagonistic activity. A mixed population of bacteria was observed in the respective agar plates and was identified as Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp, Micrococcus and Escherichia coli. To test for antagonistic effect the gut isolated bacteria were tested against four human pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahameolyticus and one yeast like fungus Candida albicans. It was observed that gut associated Pseudomonas sp had antagonistic activity against yeast like fungus Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. The most potent strain was subjected for 16srRNA gene sequencing in order to identify the antagonistic bacteria. The 16srRNA partial sequences have been run in the Bioinformatics tool, (BLAST) Basic Local Alignment search tool to find out the most similar sequences which matches with our strain. Phylogenetic tree has been constructed and our strain matches with Pseudomonas otitids which has (99.1%) similarity.

The Present study, methanol and aqueous extracts of Spathodea campanulata leaves were tested for anti-inflammatory activity (paw edema induced by carrageenan) in rats. The methanolic extract in dose of 200 mg/kg bw showed the significant inhibition of paw edema at the end of 180 min was 0.431% followed by aqueous extract (0.593%). Among the two extracts tested, the methanolic extract showed remarkable activity at 200 mg/kg dose level whereas aqueous extract was not able to show such remarkable significant activities. The extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, which supports the traditional medicinal utilization of the plant.

Earned Value Management System (EVMS) is designed for controlling the costs and determining the periods of attracting financial credits (domestic or Rial and foreign currencies) in the project. Unfortunately, this controlling system is poorly carried out in most of the operational projects or merely its show-off aspects are highlighted. But, in reality, this system is able to predict the process of attracting costs at the beginning of the executive operation, and also, to control the amount of costs spent during the executive activities. Furthermore, the project status can be assessed in different time intervals using the key indices of this system and different cost analyses acquired from these indices. The aim of this project is the examination of the concepts involved in the earned value method, the methods and metrics it employs as well as the performance measurements and methods of forecasting project progress that are used. A case study regarding the construction of a Cattle Barn in Qazvin city, an actual project, is utilized to illustrate the comparison between traditional methods and the EVMS method. By utilizing information obtained when employing the earned value method with the project, findings the valuable would be early warning with regard to a problematic situation, it is possible to take steps to correct the problem before too much time has elapsed. It is possible to make more informed decisions about the project's direction with accurate forecasting. With accurate forecasting, it is possible to make better decisions with regard to issues that are outside the scope of the project but that may be affected by the project's progress. Sponsor confidence is boosted when a view of progress is available that is open and that can be verified.

One of the amazing inventions of science is super absorbent polymers capable of absorbing liquids. Super absorbent polymers (SAP?s) are materials that have the ability to absorb and retain large volumes of water and aqueous solutions by swelling. Various applications of super absorbent polymers are being explored by various experiments across the world. The mechanism of absorption by these polymers and their few applications are being discussed.