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Effective administrative practices including budget is continually redefined by states, districts, and schools. The administration attempts to keep up with all changes and meet with the expectations such as reconstructing the budget. Furthermost, the school budgeting practices are within a collaborative decision-making context which include the manners to link educational goal development to management. Panic began in New Jersey when Governor Christie (R) cut $1B in education budget in 2010 (Corbett, 2010; Chakrabarti & Sutherland 2012) and again announced $1.6 billion cut in 2013 (Shinski 2013). This action meant that not only many teachers were discharged but also programs were eliminated. When schools face massive cuts, prioritization and measuring the possibilities started by administrators. In a small measure this paper examines the effects of reducing school budgets and approaches to proceed successful educational programs with concentrating on New Jersey public education. The effects of reducing school budgets.

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of monitoring and evaluation of stakeholder participation on implementation of infrastructure projects in public secondary school in Kakamega County, Kenya. The target population was principals, Board of Management chairpersons, Parents Association chairpersons and Sub County Education officers. Stratified sampling and purposive sampling technique were used to select respondents. A sample size of 316 respondents was selected comprising of 101 principals, 101 Board of Management chairpersons, 101 Parents Association chairpersons and 13 Sub County Education officers. Primary data was collected from the respondents using questionnaires and interview schedule. Qualitative data was analyzed qualitatively using content analysis based on meanings and implications emanating from respondent’s information. Data from questionnaires was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Descriptive statistics consisted of frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. Inferential statistics consisted linear and multiple regression analysis. Based on the multiple regression model, the coefficient of determination (R squared) of .392, showing that 39.2% of the variation in monitoring and evaluation was explained by implementation of infrastructure projects. The study concludes that monitoring and evaluation of stakeholder participation, monitoring and evaluation of financial resource, monitoring and evaluation of human capacity, monitoring and evaluation of time allocation and monitoring and evaluation of public accountability had a significant influence on implementation of infrastructure projects in public secondary school in Kakamega County. The study recommended that schools should ensure that all the stakeholders are involved in the M&E of school projects. The study also recommends that there should be clear allocation of finances for M&E, staff hiring, staff training, equipment, environment setting, project supervision and the budgeting of financial resources by stakeholders.

Leukemia is a common malignancy in young children. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for %75 of all leukemia which has higher incidence in boys than to girls except during the first year of life. This study is the survey of oral manifestations in children who are suffering from leukemia and lymphoma in Amir Blood and Oncology Hospital ,Shiraz ,Iran. Method &Material: In this 18 months durated study, the oral manifestations of 200 patients was analyzed including gingival bleeding &hyperplasia, pale mucosa hairy tongue, oral candidiasis, toothache and oral ulcers. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using Chi-square test. Significance for all the statistical test was predetermined at a P value of 0.05 or less.

In foreign language learning a negative correlation has been reported between language anxiety and both oral performance (Liu, 2006; Wilson, 2006; Woodrow 2006) and self-perceived levels of speaking ability (Kitano, 2001; MacIntyre, Noels, & Clement, 1997; Piechurska-Kuciel, 2008). In this study, we investigated the relationship between pronunciation anxiety and multiple intelligences. Participants are 40 students who are at Intermediate level. This study was conducted in Khorasan foreign languages institute in Kashmar. Participants were given researcher-made questionnaire on pronunciation anxietyand the Gardner multiple intelligence questionnaire. Then the students were asked to answer the questions. This research uses information from students to explore the relationship between pronunciation anxiety and multiple intelligences. The data from the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. The findings showed a significant correlation between pronunciation anxiety and inventory academic success; the other intelligences showed no significant correlation with it.

Management is a science that focuses on the management of companies and organizations as well as various institutions. That is its main focus. Peter Drucker defined management as "the process of coordinating the activities of a group of employees [is] carried out by an individual or a group of people to achieve certain results that cannot be achieved by individual practice." material, information). In our contribution, we want to focus on current management and its important role in helping companies adapt to the changing market environment.

Diversification is known to play a significant role in organizational strategic management and a country’s economy. Consequently, assessing the relationship between diversification and performance has attracted a lot of attention, due to its continued importance in corporate growth and better financial performance. This study explores the relationship between the Diversification strategy and measures of performance; Total turnover, Profitability, Sales Volume and Capacity Utilization in the context of sugar companies. Study findings leads to the conclusion that diversification strategy has significant predictive influence on performance in most performance measures except total turnover. Findings show significant increase in profitability and capacity utilization through companies’ involvement in unrelated production activities while sales volume increases through related production activities.

This study aims to examine the relationship of school environment with the participation of students in extra-curricular activities in schools in the State of Johor. This quantitative research using survey method through a questionnaire. A total of 225 teachers Advisor co-curricular activities were randomly selected from 21 schools. Survey instruments used in this study may be modified based on the "School-Level Environment Questionnaire" to assess the school environment and the "National Survey of Student Engagement 2011" to measure student involvement in extra-curricular activities. Correlation analysis shows there is a significant relationship (r = 0.294, p = 0.00) between the school environment with the participation of students in extra-curricular activities. The findings indicate that the school environment is a significant factor in improving student involvement in extra-curricular activities.

Stress has become a pervasive issue in modern life, significantly affecting both mental and physical health. Behavioural, hormonal, immunological, and physiological responses to stressors lead to physical expressions of fatigue and psychological expressions of tension or irritation. If not treated, it can lead to chronic problems like despair, therefore requiring effective evidence-based treatments. Current medications mainly target psychological or physical symptoms, and they often have side effects, including overuse risks. An emerging approach includes the use of functional foods, nutraceuticals, or products that are a combination of nutrition and therapy. These include dietary fiber, prebiotics, probiotics, antioxidants, and natural foods, which significantly affect stress management. This review explores the impact of nutrients and diets on managing stress. The release of cortisol during stress serves a purpose but can become harmful when elevated over time. Although practices like meditation and exercise are often recommended for stress relief, the role of functional foods is frequently overlooked. These foods offer more than basic nutrition; they contain bioactive compounds that support brain function, regulate hormones, and enhance overall well-being. By nourishing the body and mind with essential nutrients, functional foods serve as natural allies in managing stress. This literature review examines various types of functional foods and their health implications, particularly in stress management. Understanding their mechanisms and benefits can provide a path to optimal use in promoting health and resilience in our increasingly stressful world. Although the present body of research is promising in showing the potential of functional foods in managing stress, there is a need for holistic studies that consider both psychological and physiological outcomes. Future human trials to study the efficacy of nutritional interventions to reduce acute responses to stress need to pay attention to several critical aspects of study design.

The post-9/11 travel industry has transformed with partnerships and alliances commonplace between airlinesbecoming the norm and imperative, with economic and other pressures arising from reduced travel, recently further exacerbated by the pandemic. The consequence of these airline unions of economic convenience has warranted the operation staffing with a diverse blend of employees, due to international relocation of employees and demographic shifts in the United States population. The research aim was to peruse the operations environment and explore the management strategies of the resultant diverse workforce and discern the challenges. It is known that organizational performance is contingent upon the deftness of human resources in the optimization of the workforce. The transformational leadership theory was the theoretical foundation and the lens to underpin the exploration of the strategies U.S.-based international airline alliance leaders in ground staff operations use to successfully manage a diverse workforce to ensure organizational sustainability and profitability. A qualitative approach using semistructured interviews included a purposive sample of five airline alliance leaders located in the state of Georgia, who held at least 2 years of successful experience in implementing strategies to manage a diverse workforce. Content and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data, leading to the emergence of the key theme of the importance of strategic human resources management, and leadership in increasing organizational effectiveness. A key imperative is for airline alliance leaders to align diversity, equity, and inclusion policies with corporate human resources strategy. The implication for organizational success is that airline alliance business leaders must deftly manage a diverse and inclusive workforce in a rapidly changing world.

the study of the bacterial ecology in a surgical intensive care unit has a huge interest for the fight against the infections. the aim of this work is to analyze the epidemiological and the bacteriological profiles of infections, also to identify the risk factors and others influence the prognosis, finally to propose the measures of prevention. during one year at the bacteriology unit of mohammed V military teaching hospital of Rabat city in Morocco this prospective study was giving: the results of the total samples about the surgical intensive care unit patients. The characteristics of the patients “having infectious state” in intensive care unit: the middle age is 45,5 years old, the majority of cases correspond to male people, the high blood pressure (35,29%) and diabetes (23,53%) are the most frequent breeding . the severe cranial trauma corresponds to the most cases (16, 33%), secondly, we find the polytrauma 14, 28%. the infection incidence was considered as 6, 10%. the gram-negative bacilli are the most observed (69, 23%), secondly, we find the gram-positive cocci 23,10%. the klebsiella pneumoniaei is the most frequently identified species (25%), is the most frequently isolated on catheters samples, it has an important susceptibility to imipeneme. the acinetobacter baumanii is present in the second row (13,46%), having a susceptibility to colistine. the escherichia coli (9, 62%) and staphylococcus coagulase negative (9,62%) are both in the third row, this one is the most frequently isolated species in blood cultures and presents a neatly susceptibility to teicoplanine and vancomicine. in the fourth row we find enterococcus faecalis (7, 69%), corresponds to the second germ isolated from protected bronchial specimens, pratically found in the almost specimens, and presents a high susceptibility to ampicilline, vancomycine and teicoplanine. the mortality dealing with infections is 55, 56%, while the mortality happened to “sepsis states” is 20%; the male people are frequently affected (73%). a global strategy of prevention must be established for fighting infections and making better the prognosis.