Psychology

The study aims to determine the reliability of the Learning Environment Preferences (LEP) inventory among counselor trainees. A total of 100 subjects consisting of final-year students from the Guidance and Counseling Program in local universities, participated in this study. Results from the study found a high validity value of .948 for all the inventory items. The results also showed high reliability for the entire sub-scale items, achieving Cronbach’s Alpha values of .755 to .889. Based on these results, the LEP is considered appropriate to be used in order to test counselor trainees’ cognitive complexity.

Education in general and language education in particular usually poses great problems to those who don’t have a favourable academic environment. The case of ESL/EFL/ESOL is always a challenging task. English in most Arabic speaking countris serves a very limited purpose. Yet, it is very important for social as well as technological development. Therefore, English language teaching (ELT) in such countries also catches attention of many researchers. ELT generally starts at the school level. Despite good overall planning, purposive curriculum, integrated textbooks, qualified teachers, the achievement is below the expectations. Therefore, diagnostic studies should better be undertaken in different language areas: sound system, vocabulary, meaning, grammar and various skills so that the teacher may know the types of the problems and the corresponding factors. Such attempts are expected to be helpful in possible evolution of some fruitful and compatible strategies in order to yield the maximum academic output.

Compulsive disorder is a cognitive process disorder in which individuals experience ideas, beliefs, imagination and unwanted disturbing impulses that make him/her anxietic and is difficult to remove. The prevalence of OCD is 1/9 to 3/2 percent. With the lifetime prevalence of 2/5 percent and six months prevalance of 1/6 percent, obssessive compulsive disorder is the fourth psychiatric problem in the U.S.A. In Iran, in the region of Kashan, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is estimated to be 1 percent. Given the importance of the role of the psychological variables in the causation and the severity of the obsessive – compulsive disorder, the role of perfectionism, worry and responsibility variables has been studied in this research. Recognizing the role of these variables (by psycological methods such as logical thinking, responsibility and worry modification)could help taking an important step treating patients with OCD. The present research is aimed to investigate the prediction of the obssessive – Compulsive disorder, according to the positive and negative perfectionism, worry and responsibility. To achieve this aim ,118 students from ardebil azad university took part in an initial research, completing the positive and negative perfectionim inventory and maudsley obssessional and compulsive inventory (MOCCI), AHWAZ worry inventory(AWI) and responsibility attitude scale (RAS). The spss13 software was used to analyse the datas and the relation between the negative and positive perfectionism and OCD, was evaluated by stepwise regression method. The results of this research showed that the positive perfectionism and worry and resposibility had no role in prediction of the obssessive compulsive disorder.in contrast ,negative perfectionism predicted the obssessive compulsive disorder by stepwise regression method(p<0/05).

The present study aimed to determine the influence of the compassionate mind based cognitive therapy on negative emotions and ruminations of women with depression who were referred to the treatment centers. Current study is an experimental pre-post test design with control group. The study population included all depressed women in Ardebil during 2011. Subjects consisted 34 depressed women which were selected by convinced method and divided randomly in two experimental and control groups. To collect data,we used Beck depression, self consciousness emotions scale , rumination scale and self compassionate scale. Compassionate mind based cognitive therapy was used as the intervention.The data was analyzed by multiple analyses of variance method (MANOVA). The results of analysis variance showed compassionate mind based cognitive therapy would significantly decreased shame, guilt, mind ruminations and depression signs in depressed women. By paying attention to the result of the present research, the implication of compassionate mind based cognitive therapy is recommended.

The partners increasingly experience dissatisfaction with their marriage, making them to request divorce. On the other hand, some partners resort to divorce as a means to establish and improve their marriage relationship. This make us to come to the light that the partners need professional intervention and training to cope with the issues they experience in this area. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the training programs delivered on Cognitive-Behavioral techniques in improving the stability of marriage and. It also tries to determine how likely couples problems may develop into divorce. The study adopts a quasi-experimental methodology, using pre- and post-tests and control and study groups. The subjects to be studied consisted of 15 individuals as the study group and 15 individuals as the control group. They were selected from clients of the Consultation Center of Birjand county and family court of the county using a multi-stage random sampling method. The study group underwent 8 hours of a training program on Cognitive-Behavioral techniques. Using covariance analysis and independent correlated T-test on the results of the research indicated that the training program on Cognitive-Behavioral techniques will increase the stability of marriage and reduce the likelihood of divorce.

This study was to "examine the relationship between family functioning and parenting style and perfectionism of adolescent students of Shemiranat that has conducted in a descriptive-correlation style. The statistical population in this study includes all high school students in the Shamiran city that has been done according to the latest available statistics and data in 10625. According the extend size of the studied population, a simple random sampling method is used. Finally from the mentioned population, a sample size with amount of 371 students was chosen. To measure the variables used in the study, I used 3 questionnaires according to BOMRIND (1971) parenting style, NATAN B. ENSTIEN et al (1998) questionnaire and HILLS perfectionism questionnaire (2004). The content and form of the questionnaires was approved by experts. The GERONBACH ALFA for parenting style questionnaire was 0.85, for family functioning questionnaire was 0.86 and for perfectionism questionnaire was 0.87. The data analyzing was according to the results of Pearson correlation test and Regression. Pearson correlation test results indicated that there is a positive and meaningful relation between authoritative parenting style and perfectionism style. But between authoritative parenting style and perfectionism there is a reverse and negative relation. Finally there is no meaningful relation between Leniency style and perfectionism. Also the results of regression test showed that there is a meaningful relation between family functioning (solving problem, communication, roles, emotional replication, emotional involvement, behavioral control, general family functioning) and perfectionism. In general, the results showed that among family functioning features, four features (emotional involvement, behavioral control, general functioning, and emotional replication) have the ability to predict perfectionism.

The impact of cancer and associated treatment like radiotherapy and chemo radiation cause psychological illness such as anxiety, depression and distress. The present study evaluated whether radiotherapy and disease stages influence the psychological problem among cervical cancer patient. Eighty cervical cancer patients randomly selected from various hospital in Chennai. Each individual assessed with Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A), Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D). Data were analyzed by t –test. The results indicated that anxiety and depression were significantly difference among treatment modalities but anxiety and depression were not influence the disease stages. Psychological problems affect the cancer patient in aspects of family, social, emotional and total quality of life. With consideration of patients psychological intervention is necessary throughout and beyond radiotherapy for cervical cancer patients.

This study examined the status of Sport coaching in secondary schools in Delta state, and strategies for its development. The concern was on the issue of manpower development, position of physical educators, facilities and equipment in our secondary schools in the state. It was a situational report, which entailed a descriptive survey where the variables were examined in retrospect. The researcher generated 3 research questions that guided the study. The population of the study was on physical and health education teachers in government public secondary schools in Delta state. There was no sampling as all the 177 physical education teachers in 359 public government secondary schools in Delta state was sampled. Data collected were entered and analyzed using the descriptive statistics of simple percentages. The findings of the study among others were that there is lack of quality facilities and equipment in our secondary schools in Delta state. It was therefore recommended among other things that the Government, Parents teachers association, old boys/Girls should endeavor to provide sophisticated Sports facilities and equipment to secondary schools to enhance effective teaching/learning and productivity. It was concluded that since the Sporting world is in a flux, a sustainable human capital development holds a position potential for cultivating a vibrant base for outstanding Sport performances.

The aim of this study was to determine the relevance of the personality tests used in Kenya for recruitment and placement purposes. The study sought to determine the construct validity of the tests as well as the tests' stability and internal consistency. The tests are published abroad and it is not known whether they are valid with the local population. The population comprised all published personality tests as well as all the Higher Diploma students at The Kenya Institute of Management, Eldoret Branch who were 57 in number (both male and female). A complete enumeration of the students was done. Purposive Sampling was used to select one personality test on the basis of frequency of use by consulting firms. A mock recruitment exercise was conducted during which the test was administered to obtain scores, which were analyzed using the spearman rank coefficient of correlation and factor analysis. The test was found to have very low levels of validity though its level of reliability was satisfactory. With alterations in the content item structure and type, the test can be adopted by the public and private sector for use in recruitment instead of the practice of posting staff.

The present paper reports the findings of a study on gender (sex) difference in the attitude of post-graduate male and female students towards motion pictures. A sample of 100 (Boys-50 and Girls-50) post-graduate students belonging to all SES categories was selected and comprised the subjects. A standardized film preference questionnaire was used to ascertain the gender (sex) difference in attitude towards motion pictures. Findings suggest that females posses more favourable attitude towards motion pictures than males. Again, females are talent and sympathetic towards changes where as males are more critical in their attitude towards motion pictures.