Organizational Behaviour

The present study intends to review the previous researches carried out on the field of knowledge strategy codification and investigate the influence of intellectual capital on the knowledge strategy codification in Islamic Republic of Iran’s oil industry. The primary objective of this study is to analysis the impact of intellectual capital on codifying knowledge strategy in oil industry. This study is categorized as an applied one and has been carried out through the descriptive method of research, and the method used for employing variables is a combination of quantitative (descriptive – survey) and qualitative (content analysis) methods of research. Moreover, for the exploratory factor analysis of the intellectual capital indicators and knowledge strategy and to assess the validity of the questionnaire, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques and KMO indices have been used, to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the technique of Cranach’s alpha has been applied, and to discover whether the hypotheses are void or confirmed, inferential statistics been employed. To examine the hypotheses, correlation coefficients have been used, and to assign rank orders to variables, Friedman test has been applied.The result of the study reveals that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between intellectual capital and knowledge strategy. Another finding of the study is that human is the significant factor in intellectual capital, and knowledge development plays the most crucial role in knowledge strategy.

A properly formed strategy in an organization helps determine the appropriate courses of action for achieving organizational objectives and purpose by performing a series of steps in sequential order (Thompson, Gamble, and Strickland, 2006). Despite this, various organizations are meeting challenges in their environments of operation leading them to restrategise their business operations. Compton (2004) points out challenges that are not limited to increased business complexity, changing customer’s preferences, technological changes and CSR expectation of the customers. As a result of this, it becomes a challenge for businesses, including the Sugar Manufacturing Firms (SMFs) to attain productivity and at the same time maintain performance levels that are suitable.

Organizational performance in the motor industry has become a major focus of managers due to the stiff competition witnessed in the industry and technology which is changing so rapidly. With this in mind, the issue of competitive strategies of the motor industry has become paramount and organisations are preparing for stiff competition from existing competitors as well as new entrants within the industry. To achieve this objective, these organisations need strategies that are competitive, sound and outstanding to gain a competitive edge and enhance their organisational performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of competitive strategies on organizational performance at Scania East Africa Limited which is in the motor industry, specifically retail and distribution of the heavy commercial vehicles. Four specific objectives formed the basis of study and these were: to examine the effect of differentiation strategy, pricing strategy, focus strategy and innovation strategy on the organizational performance at Scania East Africa Limited. The theoretical framework included theories such as, stakeholder theory, Resource based view theory and competitive advantage theory. The target population consisted of 144 employees of Scania East Africa Limited. However, the respondents were sampled. Quantitative research design was adopted for the study. The sample size of the study was 43 which was calculated by using 30% of the total population. A modified Likert scale questionnaire was developed and divided into four parts. A pilot study was carried out to refine the instrument. The quality and consistency of the study was further assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed on a PC computer using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 23) for Windows 10 computer. Analysis was done using frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviation, regression, correlation and the information generated was presented in form of tables. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the competitive strategies namely; differentiation strategy, pricing strategy, focus strategy and innovation strategy explained statistically significant portion of the variance associated with the extent of organizational performance. The stepwise multiple regressions indicated that among the factors influencing organizational performance at Scania East Africa Limited, the variables had more effects on improving organizational performance. This result was an emphasis on the role of differentiation strategy, pricing strategy, focus strategy and innovation strategy and explained statistically significant portion of the variance associated with the extent of organizational performance of Scania East Africa Limited. The study recommended the following: That differentiation should be derived from customer experience in other words the customer’s suggestions should be central in designing products that meets the customer’s needs; that the company should continuously use cheaper quality raw materials and skilled labour to create value for the shareholders; that the company should continuously focus on its core business activities: that innovation should be at the centre of all operational activities. Pricing strategy, Innovation strategy and focus strategy also had statistically significant effect on organisational performance at Scania East Africa Limited therefore contributing positively to organisational performance of the company

Companies are always looking for using novice methods and tools as the competitive advantages to achieve their goals, growth and profitability in the complex areas of markets. Human resources are the most important resource of any organization that has a significant impact on the company's plans. This article aims to examine the role of the role of creativity, integrity, innovation, professionalism and ethics in human resources given the process of globalization and the constant changes in the environment of the organization, the characteristics of the organization and an innovative and creative person is expressed and finally its effects in creating competitive advantage and the realization of success and profitability of insurance companies is taken into consideration. Therefore, this article reviews the insurance company in Zahedan, with an emphasis on human relations marketing, as well as surveys the impact of human resource characteristics on sales, customer loyalty and ultimately profitability.

Organisations within the global mining industry strive to remain competitive and therefore change process should be a regular daily activity. The key driving force behind the change management process was identified in this research as the desire to curtail operating costs by using a technology-driven approach in the Security Department of a particular South African mining company. The purpose of the research is to investigate both the impact of the change process on employees as well as to determine sources of resistance with a proposed outcome to ensure that change processes and strong change management structures are in place that will model change champions without significant resistance.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational commitment and personal qualities of staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital Islamabadgharb, was performed. Types of research according to purpose, applicability, and the nature and methods, descriptive. Population, all staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Islamabadgharb, 140 persons, of which, according to the formula for calculating sample size of farmers and Morgan (1970 ), 103, as the sample was selected. The measurement tool is the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.846, proven reliability, and validity of, according to experts, has been approved. To analyze the results, the test t, for independent samples, and ANOVA, and univariate linear regression to evaluate the hypotheses used. The results of the analysis results show that, significant relationship between organizational commitment and age, gender, and educational level do not exist only between organizational commitment and service experience, a significant correlation is observed.

One of the progress important channels in organization productivity improving is. Human resource productivity, the driving force of progress and development organization. This study is to explain some of the ways to improve productivity, the institutional methodology is used, and emphasized that the path to improved productivity, the institutional reform passes. Institutionalism view that, based on the belief that these institutions are, the worldview of people to determine, therefore, ideals and goals of each individual, strongly influenced by institutions that influences the direct and their indirect , has grown. The study acknowledges that a number of factors, the productivity of human resources effective, the main efficient institutions, to improve productivity, the reform of the institutions are: The educational institution: as a way to solve nodes work, the reward: to motivate to do useful work, and the generator and regulations: as an official body may, construction and improvement work in other institutions, to formally recognize forgive documented.

Culture is a complex issue that essentially includes all of a group’s shared values, attitudes, beliefs, assumptions, artifacts, and behaviors. Culture is broad — encompassing all aspects of its internal and external relationships—and culture is deep in that it guides individual actions even to the extent that members are not even aware they are influenced by it. Scholars tend to agree that the root of any organization’s culture is grounded in a rich set of assumptions about the nature of the world and human relationships. This study sought to establish the effect of organizational culture in the performance of the County Government of Taita Taveta. The research design which was employed is a descriptive one involving a cross sectional survey. The target population was 1,513 staff of the County Government. The sampling technique to be used will be stratified random sampling. Also, Primary data collection will be used and the data collection instrument to be utilized will be a structured questionnaire. The sample size will be 384 employees across the cadres of the County Government. The data will be interpreted, analyzed using standard deviation and the linear regression analysis model and then presented using tables, charts and graphs.

In the United States, foreign-born individuals are more than twice as likely to start new ventures, immigrant-owned businesses, however, fail within the first 5 years. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the strategies U.S.-based Togolese small business owners who were engaged in entrepreneurial activities in Togo. The Schumpeterian entrepreneurship theory underpinned the study and served as a theoretical reference. Interview data were collected from 20 successful Togolese small business owners who resided in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area, who were engaged in entrepreneurial activities in Togo, and who had been in business for more than 5 years. Data analysis involved using coding techniques and word clustering, and qualitative data analytical software. The use of methodological triangulation enabled deeper analysis and added to the rigor of the study. The key themes emerging from the coding and thematic analysis of interviews included motivation and entrepreneurial characteristics such as risk propensity, entrepreneurial education, leadership, self-confidence, and vision. The findings of the study may improve the social and business success of immigrant business owners, and entrepreneurs may use the knowledge to improve business success, which could lead to the creation of jobs and improvement in the standard of living of U.S.-based Togolese entrepreneurs. The discoveries from the research may also contribute for the welfare of local communities in Togo, as the diaspora flow of investments and remittances from the United States may increase.

This paper aims to examine that transformational leadership and employee empowerment influence on job satisfaction among small medium enterprises employee of Pakistan. This study adopted survey research that is a design of non experimental field study. There were given 250 questionnaires in 25 m firms HR departments (10 questionnaires in each firm). 22 firms respond and 220 questionnaires were usable for our research. There were examined the positive relationship between transformational leadership, employee empowerment and job satisfaction. While there was found the mediating variable ethics and social responsibility that showed the positive relationship. The main objective of this research was to analyze the effects of independent variables (.i.e. transformational leadership and employee empowerment) on job satisfaction. The data was collected by descriptive study and survey conducted on textile sector of SMEs in the city of Multan, Pakistan. The basic signification of this paper is that SMEs, particularly in the developing domestic and collectively owned small firms, in Pakistan, may see positively the benefits of paying greater considerations and social responsibility to transformational leadership and empowerment practices for gaining their future progress promisingly in job satisfaction.