Psychology

Present research was designed to explore the causes of violence acts of children in school through case study approach. Due to the nature of the study qualitative research approach was used and case study method was employed to unravel various causes attached with violence acts of children. Cases for the study were selected from one of the government sector school of Islamabad. Present study explored various causes of violence acts of children which are mostly related with family status, environment and intellectual level of the students. Findings of the study will help teachers and school administration to understand individual differences and also help them how they deal with highly intelligent students and motivate them to use their energies in positive way.

Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has become a framework for exploring what teachers need to know or to develop for effective teaching. Physics teachers’ PCK includes five components. In this study, the self-made “Questionnaire of Physics Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge” was used. The quantitative responses were compiled and analyzed by SPSS. The results indicated that the physics teachers’ level of PCK is on the intermediate and many factors help physics teachers to develop their PCK.

Pedagogical content knowledge exerts significant driving influence in educational research of teachers. PCK is a basic guarantee for teachers to become expert educators. For physics teachers, PCK is a knowledge synthesis which is developed in a specific teaching situation. PCK development of physics teachers needs the accumulation of time and experience. There are many methods to develop physics teachers’ PCK, such as self-study, teaching reflection and school-based educational research.

This study aims to determine the moderating effects of mother’s age on the relationships between maternal parenting style and adolescent’s self-efficacy. Participants included 382 school-going adolescents with an average age of 14.27 years. The data was collected by using multi-stage cluster sampling. Results revealed that maternal authoritative and authoritarian mothers tend to foster high level of self-efficacy. Nontheless, no significant moderating effect was found for mother’s age. The current study underscore the need to focus on the role of parenting style and adolescents’ self-efficacy especially in Asian countries.

The present study aimed at studying the effectiveness of resiliency training on social compatibility and marital satisfaction of rehabilitating addicts. The population of the study included 120 rehabilitating marital addicts who have come to addiction- leaving center of Astaneh city in months of Mordad, shahrivar and mehr in 1391. Among 85 addicts who have filled the questionnaire form, forty nine of them had low social compatibility and marital satisfaction scores. Among these addicts 30 people have been selected randomly and placed in experimental and control group in a simple random state (fifteen in and group). Resiliency has been trained to experimental group during ten seventy-Five- minute sessions and both groups refilled out the questionnaire. By using covariance test the hypothesis of the study have been tested and the results of study showed that resiliency training influences on social compatibility and marital satisfaction of rehabilitating addicts. The present study reflects the fact that resiliency training can provide useful and new strategies in increasing the social and familial compatibility of rehabilitating addicts.

The present study was designed to investigate the school teachers’ awareness towards Individual differences at primary level, study also intends to compare the awareness of individual differences among government and private teachers at primary level. Due to limited time available for study, only 24 primary schools were randomly selected for the purpose of collecting data. 120 teachers from these schools were randomly selected a sample for study. A questionnaire was constructed for teachers which included 30 items, data was collected through personal visits of the schools. Data was analyzed in the light of objectives through two-way chi-square. Private school teachers are aware of the concept of individual differences as compared to government school teachers. In private sector school teachers respect individual differences in their classes as compared to government sector school teachers.

This study aims to identify (1) the correlation between workplace happiness with teachers innovative behavior, and (2) the influence of workplace happiness on the teachers innovative behavior. A total of 835 teachers from 167 secondary schools were randomly selected daily from the three states in northern Peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Kedah and Perlis) as a sample. A questionnaire consisting of four parts have been used to obtain data from respondents. Translated questionnaire of Pryce-Jones (2010) was used to measure workplace happiness. Meanwhile, a questionnaire from Nik Azida (2007) was used to measure the behavior of teachers innovative. Findings indicate there are four dimensions of workplace happiness has a correlation with the behavior of teachers innovative. Furthermore, the results show several dimensions of workplace happiness has a significant influence on the contribution of teachers innovation behavior namely teacher contribution and teacher confidence. In conclusion, this study describes how the principal use of the workplace happiness to further strengthen the leadership and school culture in order to enhance school improvement such as the behavior of teachers innovative.

One of the objectives of positive psychology approach is identifying and defining concepts that help to provide individual's health, happiness and a healthy life. One of these concepts is quality of life which is predicted in this study based on three variable including psychological capital, emotional intelligence and participation in decision making. This research is correlational. The population of this study includes staff of National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company who worked in 2013. 440 individuals were selected based on simple random sampling and responded to research questionnaires. Results pointed to a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence, participation in decision making and psychological capital with quality of life and these three variables predicted quality of life. Enhancement of emotional intelligence, participation in decision making and psychological capital will lead to increase in employee's quality of life.

The present study was designed to explore the impacts of acceptance and rejection on self-esteem of adolescents. In order to measure the self-esteem of adolescents a rating scale developed by Rifai (1999) was used. Factor Loading Self-esteem Scale consists of 26 items and four factors that were; Self-Acceptance (AC), Self-Competence (SC), Physical Acceptance (PA), Social Acceptance (SA) and Academic Competence (AC). The population consists of 46 female and 54 male adolescents. After data collection reliability, mean and SD were computed. Study found that there is a positive relationship between acceptance-rejection and self-esteem. Adolescents, whose mothers are homemakers, get more acceptances from their parents and friends as compared to those adolescents whose mothers are working outside home.

The need to have vocational guidance and counseling integrated into the secondary school curriculum has become more necessary in the modern times than it was several years ago. This could be so due to changing nature of job opportunities, job scarcity, explosion of knowledge and new technologies. Vocational Guidance and Counseling is offered to meet learners career needs, aspirations and job mobility. The objective of the study was to determine students’ perception of the impact of guidance and counseling programme on the satisfaction of vocational needs. The research study was guided by Gestalt theory of perception. The theory was appropriate because of the complex psychological backgrounds which informed the respondents perceptions. The target population for the study was all students drawn from secondary schools in North and South Rift Valley region of kenya. Four hundred and fifty students were selected through stratified random sampling from ten secondary schools. Self – developed questionnaires were used for data collection. Ex post facto research design was utilized for the study. The reliability of the instrument was SPQ = 0.893. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics (frequencies, means) and inferential statistics (t – test and Anova). The statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) used to test null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The content validity was ascertain through expert judgement opinion. The findings indicated that the respondents perception on the impact of guidance and counseling on satisfaction of vocational needs was uncertain (neutral perception) which meant that the impact was not significant. Students were not convince that the guidance programme has had any effect on self-employment skills, learning about talents, career available outside Kenya and career mentoring. The Category of School (Mixed Boarding) was found significant in its influence on perception of students of on the impact of guidance and counseling on vocational needs while age, gender, school type and class levels was found insignificant. This paper recommends reviewing the vocational guidance programmes to be more practical and consumer friendly for it to be more appealing to learners in order to satisfy their career needs. The paper concludes with a suggestion that vocational guidance can be entrenched in the regular school curriculum for it to be more visible and creation of awareness on the value of vocational guidance and counseling.