Finance

The company is operating in a society; it cannot stay away from the social issues. The society provides both customers and resources to fulfil the business objectives of the corporate companies. So, companies should serve for society by fulfilling corporate social responsibility. Our business doesn't exist in isolation nor is it simply a way of making money. Our employees depend on our business. Customers, suppliers and the local community are all affected by our business and what we do. Our products, and the way we make them, also have an impact on the environment.

Recent research is to recognize and rank the critical factors of success to execute customer oriented strategy management by using AHP in three levels human, process and technology. Required information of this research is gathered through two questionnaires in three individual groups, and then extracted information has been analyzed by EC software and A.H.P technology then is prioritized. What is considered as a research problem in the study is to recognize and rank the critical factors of success to execute customer oriented strategy management by using A.H.P. This research has been discussed by using the problem CSFs and the perspective of analysis of system, first by determining and prioritizing organizational CSF in the firm. Recognizing recent position of current performance of CSFs and determining the success that put human priority for the research would be studied.

This study investigates empirically the effect of investment decision on financing decision. To obtain the objectives, the data required, ranging from 2004 through 2013 were collected from the financial statements of all the banking firms listed in Karachi Stock exchange. Investment opportunity and actual investment were used as proxies of investment decision. Profitability and firm size were used as control variables. Multiple regression models were used to estimate the variables of interest. It was concluded that investment opportunity had significant effect on financing decision; however, the effects have no particular pattern. Furthermore, actual investment had no impact on financing decision.

The purpose of this paper is to assess the internal auditing practices on the financial performance of Tehran Stock Exchangelisted companies and to consider the effect of a contextual factor-Political influence on this relationship. While much empirical works have given diverse reasons for the poor financial performance of TSEs, research evidence of the impact of internal auditing practices on the financial performance of TSEs in the Iran context is scanty.The study found no strong associationbetween internal auditing practices and financial performanceof TSEs and those political influences do not significantlyimpact this relationship. The weak association betweeninternal auditing practice sand financial performances isattributed to these enterprises’ inadequacy and poorimplementation of internal auditing practices. Where internalauditing is de-emphasized it cannot impact positivelyonperformance.

Evidence from literature suggests that despite the fact that women are key players in entrepreneurial activities and make significant contributions in the economic development of many nations around the world, non-availability of long-term finance and long procedures to access financial help have been identified as major constraints faced by women entrepreneurs. Cooperatives societies has been identified as veritable instruments which provide business finance for the growth and development of women enterprises .Therefore this study evaluated the impact of cooperative societies on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Lagos State, Nigeria. Data were sought through structured questionnaires and analysed using tables, frequencies, percentages, charts while chi square was used to test the study hypothesis. The findings of the study revealed that though cooperatives are accessible to majority of the women entrepreneurs, the amount of loans obtainable from cooperatives were inadequate for the entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the chi square analysis showed that the ?2_ calculated value of 61.26 is greater than the ?2_ critical value of 13.28 at 0.01level of significance, implying that cooperative societies have significant effect on entrepreneurs. Therefore it is recommended that the federal government should consider developing policies that will create an enabling environment for the development and proper operation of cooperative thrift and credit societies and other group initiatives and the management of cooperative societies should be helped to have a new business orientation and also encouraged to attend and benefit from seminars, adult education and literacy programs.

To improve operational efficiency and to facilitate the emergence of globally competitive companies, there is a need of mergers and acquisitions. The increased participation of the Indian companies in the global corporate sector has further facilitated the merger and acquisition activities in India. Even though mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have been an important element of corporate strategy all over the globe for several decades, research on M& As has not been able to provide conclusive evidence on whether they enhance efficiency or destroy wealth. So this paper tries to analyse the effect of mergers and acquisition on the net profits of the company. It also tries to analyse the performance of the selected merged banks in terms of changes in growth of net sales, cost of production, market capitalisation, revenue earnings and revenue expenses in foreign exchange and Earning per share and also to know the most significant variable affecting the net profits in pharmaceutical company with respect to net sales, cost of production, market capitalisation, revenue earnings and revenue expenses in foreign exchange and Earning per share. The data has been colleted through Capitaline software. Further the result shows that different factors are responsible in different companies that are affecting the profitability of the companies.

The innovation of generic technology for the development of the manufacturing sector has an important basic role, and for the generic technology research and development, there is lack of effective attention. Especially in manufacturing industry, the development of generic technology still can't meet the national economy and the needs of the development of manufacturing industry. Especially compared with foreign countries generic technology innovation development and application there is a considerable gap. On the basis of introducing the classification and features of manufacturing generic technology, this paper analyzes the influence factors and main body of generic technology innovation in the manufacturing industry. Finally, it derived the process model of manufacturing generic technology innovation from the process model of manufacturing technology innovation

This paper emphasizes on the measurement of mutual fund performance and timing abilities of income fund managers in Pakistan. To analyze the income fund performance Treynor measure is used which assumes that fund managers possess diversified portfolios. Timing abilities are ascertained by using Treynor and Mazuay measure and data for five years ranging from July 2009 to June 2014 is used and it consists of 30 income funds. Results showed that 23 of the total income funds had positive treynor values which indicate good performance and also an indicator of better diversification. Treynor and Mazuay measure also had a better indication of timing abilities as 2/3rd of the managers performed well in this regard.

The main purpose of this research is to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility initiative of the state bank of India on the customer satisfaction. A conceptual frame work comprised of four elements (economic, social, legal and philanthropic) developed by carroll 1991 is used to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility on customer satisfaction. A multivariate likert scale (1-5) has been developed with one additional dimension customer satisfaction. A sample of 192 customers of the bank has been used to collect the data. Regression and correlation analysis is conducted using SPSS 22 on full version of data to generate the result of analysis. The results show that there is a significant and positive impact of CSR dimensions on customer satisfaction. Also this research shows that economic CSR have a significant impact on customer satisfaction. This result is confirmed by correlation analysis. Correlation analysis shows that the CSR positively and significantly correlated with customer satisfaction. Hence the research found that there is significant and strong positive relationship between improved customer satisfaction and CSR. This study concluded that improving customer perception of CSR practices such as legal, ethical and philanthropy CSR will improve customer satisfaction. Therefore the banks should take initiatives to improve their CSR practices to enhance customer satisfaction

A sound fiscal position is an essential pre-requisite for achieving macroeconomic stability and is a critical ingredient of sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction. Better fiscal management helps mobilize domestic savings, increase efficiency of resource allocation and achieve other worthwhile development goals. On the other hand, lax fiscal policy limits options open to the government for economic recovery, sustainable growth and poverty alleviation. The present study evaluates the fiscal situation in Pakistan and sheds light on its implications for Economic Growth and poverty reduction. Study finds that Pakistan economy have shown great resilience over the years against disastrous events. However, situation of poverty reduction is not satisfactory; Pakistan’s health and education indicators depict a dismal picture when compared with the countries with same level of development. As revenue generation efforts was only partially successful and Pakistan was unable to generate adequate revenues to meet expenditure. Consequently, successive governments have tried to reduce the deficit by reducing the development expenditure which hampered the growth process and resulted in a decline in human development indicators and increased the incidence of poverty.