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Sudanese petrodiesel samples (S1, S2, S3 &S4) were collected from Khartoum refinery in Sudan. Samples were subjected to physicochemical investigation according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Tests include: density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point, colour, ash content, water content, sulfur content, carbon residue, copper strip corrosion, distillation and calculated cetane number. Results revealed that the physicochemical properties of petrodiesel samples were within the limits assigned by ASTM and Khartoum refinery except the water content for sample S1 was found to be 0.052% wlw. The cetane number was found to be 56.14, 54.72, 57.89 and 56.9 for S1, S2,S3 and S4 respectively, these values were found within recommended values to be used as fuels for diesel engines.

Chronic oesophagitis dissecans secondary to lichen planus is a rare and often unrecognized pathology. The diagnosis is based on clinical (recurrent dysphagia and presence of cutaneous or genital lesions of lichen planus) endoscopic (desquamative esophagitis with proximal or multiple stenosis) and histological features. The treatment is still not well codified and the long-term prognosis remains unknown. We report a case of a woman with this affection with a 5 years follow up.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of clique covering of a graph. Every vertex covering set, which contains all isolated vertices, is a clique covering set in a graph. We consider the effect of removing a vertex from the graphs on the clique covering number of the graph. We also define well clique covered graphs and prove some related result.

Medulloblastoma is one of the most common type of pediatric brain cancer, it is a primary neuroectodermal tumor located in the cerebellum and 4th ventricle. The treatment is based on surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The survival rate of children treated for this brain tumor has improved significantly in recent years thanks to the progress of various therapies. The neurocognitive sequelae secondary to the occurrence of a medulloblastoma have been the subject of numerous studies. We report the case of a 12-year-old boy with medulloblastoma of the posterior fossa, he underwent surgery and received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Subsequently, he began to present school difficulties and memory disorders for this reason his pediatrician sent us for management. 

For any graph G, let V(G) and E(G) denote the vertex set and edge set of G respectively. The Boolean function graph B(Kp, INC,?Kq) of G is a graph with vertex set V(G)?E(G) and two vertices in B(Kp, INC,?Kq) are adjacent if and only if they correspond to two adjacent vertices of G, two nonadjacent vertices of G or to a vertex and an edge incident to it in G, For brevity, this graph is denoted by?B4(G). In this paper, structural properties of the complement?B4(G) of B4(G) including eccentricity properties are studied. Also, domination number and neighborhood number are found.

In this article general concepts of corporate governance is defined. Although corporate governance mechanisms may differ from country to country, equality, transperancy, accountability and responsibility are universally common governance practices. Corporate governance mechanisms support sustainable competitive advantage of the firm.

This paper investigates Curie point depth and heat flow over parts of Bida Basin Nigeria using Aeromagnetic data. The study area is between Latitudes 8.5oN and 9.5oN and Longitudes 5.5oE and 6.5oE being represented by four aeromagnetic maps in 16 overlapping blocks involving towns like; Pateji, Baro, Bida and Agbaje. Depth Estimations were made using Spectral Analysis from which estimates of Curie point depth, geothermal gradient and heat flow were made. Heat flow estimated from spectral inversion revealed seven geothermally active areas with the following values; 60.45mWm-2 (Pategi), 60.91mWm-2 (Baro), 60.99mWm-2 (Baro), 65.87mWm-2 (Bida), 67.67mWm-2 (Agbaje) and 64.00mWm-2 (Agbaje).These areas (Agbaje for instance) are recommended for further geothermal exploration.

Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land or soil. It is used to assist in growing of agricultural crops, protection of plant against frost, preventing soil consolidation, maintenance of landscapes, and re-vegetation of distributed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall. Many of the irrigation systems operated worldwide are used on farms or lands that are located on the outskirts of towns and difficult to monitor. The manual operation of these systems over time has resulted in either under watering or over supply of water. The consequence of which are reduced crop yield and withering of crops respectively. Over irrigation further results in leaching of soil nutrients. The manual approach to practicing irrigation is both cost and resource inefficient. To address these challenges an efficient and cost effective microcontroller based irrigation control system designation is proposed for enhancing food security.

Implementation of straight and stringent legislation of Nox emission requires the new technological development for Nox abatement from exhaust gases. This paper summarizes the current status of Nox abatement strategy. The main focus is put forward on Nox control methods applied in combustion of diesel fuel in CI Engines furthermore the various methods of Nox abatement techniques emphasized.

Butterfly variety in Akathiyur village, Thrissur, Kerala, India, was studied in various regular aspects. Species diversity was observed and analyzed. Based on different parameters species richness was analysed. An aggregate of 110 butterfly species under 5 families are listed.The village proves itself as a home for myriads of butterflies. Families Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, Pieridae and Papilionidae, were distinguished. Maximum number of butterflies recorded in this study was in the family Nymphalidae (3587 sightings; 39.14%), followed by Lycaenidae (2326 sightings; 25.38%), Hesperiidae (1557 sightings; 16.99%), Pieridae (1004 sightings; 10.95%) and Papilionidae (690 sightings; 7.52%). The findings unveil that the comparatively small study area constitutes high richness of butterfly species.