Archives- 

Optimization of formulation. Physical and In-vitro evaluation of optimized formulation for the release characteristics. Increase the chemical properties like dissolution study. Oral dispersible tablets have received ever-increasing demand during the last decade, and the field has become a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. Upon introduction into the mouth, these tablets dissolve or disintegrate in the mouth in the presence of additional water for easy administration of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Optimized formula using polymer coating method exhibited 90% drug release at 15 minutes for model drug but dihydroartemisinin the release was found to be 79% at 15 minutes.

The Finite Elements Method (FEM) analysis is very helpful in solving a wide variety of engineering problems. An application of finite elements method ranges across many different fields of modern science and of the manufacturing industry. The various applications in aircraft, space, ship building, the electrical and computer industry as well as in the field of science such as material engineering, mechatronics, biochemistry and even medicine must be emphasized. FEA of simulation gives better, more accurate and wider results than experimental methods. One of the examples of FEA application is strain analysis of joints and assembly structures of vehicles of machineries. It allows the kind of stresses occurring in the vehicles and the location their occurrence to be determined. In this study, a methodology of sequentially simulating each step in the manufacturing process of an assembly is proposed. Each step of the proposed methodology is described, and a validation of the prediction capabilities is performed by making a comparison with a physically manufactured assembly. The work presented here demonstrates that by using virtual prototyping it is possible to predict the final shape of an assembled structure. The trial and error development process may be shortened by replacing most of the physical try out with finite element simulation of the manufacturing process. The automotive industry is constantly looking at ways and means of reducing costs and staying profitable while delivering on time. The common denominator in all these challenges is design. Companies investing in developing indigenous design and manufacturing technologies emerge successful in the world market and are able to sustain and innovate at a faster pace than the rest of the competition. This is possible on account of the following capabilities such as delivering products faster with up-front engineering design validation as a part of the product development process while compressing the cycle time, lean design by incorporating value engineering as a part of the design process ensuring evaluation of least cost alternatives before even the first prototype is developed and increasing reliability by design – an initiative that will eliminate hidden costs associated with product recall, re-design and/ or replacement of parts. Increasing functional complexity, predatory pricing, compulsive cost reduction commitments, aggressive deadlines, field failures, warranty costs and product recalls are all too familiar situations in the automotive sector. This leads to greater innovation, process automation, shorter development cycles, design for durability, reduced physical prototypes, improved quality and innovation.

Harmonic eccentric indices were proposed analogously to Harmonic indices already known and used for many years. We defined Harmonic eccentric index as HEI (G)= ?_(uv?E (G))?2/(e_u+e_v ) .In his paper we have calculated Harmonic eccentric index for some particular chains which are fused with different types of fusing namely ?-type fusing,?-type fusing and ?-type fusing . In future we will on various Eccentric indices with the Hexagonal chain.

Phenytoin stimulates connective tissue growth, while honey has been used in treating various wounds and ulcers. This study evaluates 2% phenytoin ointment and honey on excisional wound healing process in experimental albino rats in comparison to 5% Betadine ointment. Method: Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n=6). Excisional round full thickness skin wounds of diameter 15 mm were created on back of anaesthetized animals. Medications were applied topically twice daily up to 20 days. Group A – untreated (control), Group B – 5% betadine ointment, Group C - 2% phenytoin oinment and Group D received honey. Wound healing was measured on Days 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20. Number of days taken for complete epithelisation of wound was noted. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer test and p<0.05 was considered significant. Result: 5% Betadine, 2% phenytoin ointment and honey hastens healing and reduces time taken for complete epithelisation of excisional wound when compared to negative control (p<0.05). 2% phenytoin and honey were superior to 5% betadine. Conclusion: Both 2% phenytoin oinment and honey may be considered for wound healing but their role in healing of infected wound needs to be explored further.

In this paper, Smart Card based Online Health Care System with low cost Audio and Video Facilities have been discussed. For providing a good quality of treatment to the patients in the hospital, it is required to automate and integrate the hospitals of country via internet. After registration, patient will get a smart card with 10 digits unique registration number/ PatientID with personal information in the hospital. All the doctor prescriptions, test reports (blood, urine etc), images (MRI, CT-Scan, ECG etc.) will be stored in the databases of the hospital server (local server) as per the PatientID. All the local servers of hospitals are connected with one centralized server and time to time all the patient data from the local hospital server will be transferred to main centralized server. Patient information, doctor information and hospital information etc. can be retrieved from any hospital of any patient as per the PatientID. There may be a situation where patient is present in a rural hospital where sufficient expert doctors are not available. In such situations, doctor present in the remote hospital may need to contact an expert to take his advice for better treatment of the patient. In this work, a Graphical User Interface for low cost Videoconferencing System for Online Health Care System is also discussed, specifically to support consultations among remotely placed Patients, rural health workers and specialists in the urban cities and provide a secure access to remote patient records. A low-cost web-based Videoconferencing System using Open Source Technologies such as Red5 etc. has been developed. We have used live video/audio, text chat and video recording/archiving tools and features for the same. Online Health Care System application has been developed as front end in DOT NET [4] and back end in SQL Server. SQL Server tuning & other features are implemented for fast retrieval of patient data while designing the application of Health Care System.

Objective: To investigate the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein expression, as indicated by the presence of HCV core protein in serum, in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of HCV infection. Methods: A total number of 432 patients with various liver diseases including acute and chronic/end stage liver diseases were analysed for HCV-related markers comprising anti-HCV, HCV-RNA and HCV-core. Results: HCV-core protein was found to be a better serum marker compared to anti-HCV and HCV-RNA for the diagnosis of HCV-infection in chronic liver diseases. HCV-core protein in serum shows a low prevalence in patients with acute infection. To explore the possibility of core-expression in liver pathology via its impact on oxidative stress and steatotic changes, we studied the sera level of lipids, lipoproteins, apoproteins and anti-oxidant levels in relation to HCV-core protein in serum. The analysis of data could not demonstrate any significant change in the level of these metabolites with presence or absence of HCV-core protein. This was explained as HCV-core expression having insignificant role in inducement of oxidative stress and development of steatosis to cause liver damage. This study also describes the varied prevalence of different HCV-genotypes in relation to HCV-core protein in these patients, thus, explaining that HCV-genotypes have little role in expression of HCV-core. Conclusion: Serum HCV-core protein has important role in the diagnosis of HCV infection. However, we could not observe any significant relation between HCV-core expression and liver steatosis, oxidative stress or HCV-genotypes in liver diseases.

Liver damage is an epidemic disease, which effects essential biochemical activities in all age group. The liver abnormalities caused by synthetic drugs are found to be broad. Conventional drugs used for the treatment of liver disorders are inadequate. In view of the undesirable side effects of synthetic drugs, it is necessary to search for alternative drugs for the treatment of hepatic diseases and replacement of the currently used drugs. Herbal drugs have become very popular for their use in the treatment of liver diseases. Therefore, there is need to focus on systematic research methodology to evaluate scientific basis for the traditional herbal medicines that are claimed to possess hepatoprotective activities. The present review is aimed at providing an overview of the most prospective medicinal plants having pharmacologically reputable antihepatotoxic activities such as Andrographic paniculata, Boerhaavia diffusa, Ocimum sanctum, Tinospora cordifolia, Phyllanthus emblica, etc.

The present investigation was aimed at screening twenty diverse wheat genotypes for their thermo tolerance potential at the seedling stage. The seedlings were raised in the germination boxes kept at 250C in an incubator. One week old seedlings were subjected to gradual heat pre-treatment (with rise of 50C/ hr) to achieve 350C +10C. The acclimatized seedlings were exposed to 400C for different durations to find lethal temperature (LT50 ), on the basis of wilting of the primary leaf. Wheat seedlings reacted differently to high temperatures in terms of the coleoptile length and seedling emergence. On an average coleoptile length (C.L) decreased by 29 % and total shoot length (T.S.L) by 12 % due to high temperature pulse in wheat. Highest decline in C.L was noted in NIAW34 (54 %) and minimum 6 % in WH711. In terms of the T.S.L maximum decrease was noted in P1626 (34 %) and minimum in WH712 (0.70 %). The detrimental effect of high temperature on the seedling emergence also got reflective in terms of the growth parameters resulting in reduction of fresh and dry weight of the seedlings. On an average seedling fresh weight reduced by 64 %, dry weight by 74 % and RWC by 20% due to high temperature pulse in wheat.

Problem Based Learning approach has been one of the recommended instructional strategies for teachers in Mathematics. Mathematics Project work is provided to give an opportunity for students to experience the Problem Based Learning model in the classroom for Grade 10 and 11 students. Therefore, this study explores the impact of Problem Based Learning on students in developing their Approaches to Learning skills using qualitative methods. Data were collected based on students’ perceptions from a focus group conducted in school. Information was gathered on students’ motivation level in learning Mathematics and on the development of their Approaches To Learning skills namely collaborative, communication, information literacy, and organization, transfer, reflection and thinking skills. The results indicated a positive impact on students' learning process in the Middle Years Programme Mathematics curriculum. Overall, the Problem Based Learning approach had favourable implications on enhancing students’ Approaches to Learning skills development.

This research focused on the impacts of information and communication technology in facilitating the education of students with visual impairment. This work reviews the existence of information and communication technology (ICT) in educating the students with visual impairment in Federal College of Education (Sp.), Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria, and to investigate further, the impact of ICT on academic performance of students with visually impaired. Fifty (50) students with visual impairment at the Federal College of Education (Sp.), Oyo, State, Nigeria were randomly selected and questionnaires were administered to them. Data were extracted from the questionnaires and analyzed. The results showed that students with visual impairment greatly benefited from integration of ICT with visually impaired education. Integration of ICT with visually impaired education significantly enhanced the academic performance of students with visual impairment. Government should support education of students with visually impaired so that they can have independent and meaningful lives and to put a stop to roaming about the streets begging for survival.