Organic Chemistry

Sudanese petrodiesel samples (S1, S2, S3 &S4) were collected from Khartoum refinery in Sudan. Samples were subjected to physicochemical investigation according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Tests include: density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point, colour, ash content, water content, sulfur content, carbon residue, copper strip corrosion, distillation and calculated cetane number. Results revealed that the physicochemical properties of petrodiesel samples were within the limits assigned by ASTM and Khartoum refinery except the water content for sample S1 was found to be 0.052% wlw. The cetane number was found to be 56.14, 54.72, 57.89 and 56.9 for S1, S2,S3 and S4 respectively, these values were found within recommended values to be used as fuels for diesel engines.

Series of compounds containing s-triazine derivatives were synthesized. The synthetic strategy utilizes cyanuric chloride as a starting material to obtain the several Schiff’s base A(1-5), azetidinone B(1-5) and thiazolidinone C(1-5) viz. condensations and cyclizations. All newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by physical processes (melting points, Thin layer chromatography, elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectra) and have been tested for their antimicrobial activity against gram (+)ve and gram (-)ve bacteria and also on different stains of fungi in which some of these derivatives exhibited potential antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Carawey is biennial plant. It is a widely used and incredibly useful plant. The seeds are used for culinary purposes and medicinal treatment. It’s seeds oil was extracted by cold extraction method used two solvents, n-hexane and petroleum ether. Extracts has been investigated by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) technique. Total of 45 compounds were detected for n-hexane extract and 62 compounds likewise for petroleum ether. The two solvent extracts showed a chemical composition correlation. The most abundant compounds detected are hexadecanoic acid; Estragole; 9,12- octadecandienoic acid ; 9-octadecanoic acid; Stearatric acid, D-Limonene, octadecanal, Eicosanoic acid, 11-Eicosanoic acid, dodec-9-ynyl Cyclohexanecarboxylicacid, 7-hexadecanoic acid, 9- octandecanone, 10- nonadecanone and anethole . Besides there are some new compounds that have not been previously reported.

4-(naphthalen-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine (I) on reaction with 2-bromo-1-arylethanone(IIa-f)yields6-Aryl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole (III a-f). The structures of all the compounds series (IIIa-f) were characterized analytically. The compounds were also monitored for anti microbial activity

The mixed-ligand complex of [Cu(bipy)2S8(ClO4)2 was synthesized and characterized by employing elemental analyses, metal analyses, infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy, room temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements, conductivity measurements and theoretical studies. The elemental and metal analyses show good agreement which support the formulation for the complex. The Cu-S band in the infrared spectrum at 465 cm -1, indicate the formation of the complex. The UV-Vis spectra shows different intraligand transitions at 49,505 cm-1 , 33,445 cm-1, 32,467 cm-1 and the bands at 13,661 cm-1 with a shoulder at 11,820 cm-1 in the visible region supported the CHN data for the formation of the five-coordinate complex. The magnetic moment value at 1.40 B.M indicates the presence of a strong antiferromagnetic properties of the complex. A 1:2 electrolyte nature of the complex was revealed in the conductivity value of 179 mho cm2 mol-1. The theoretical calculations predicted a distorted square pyramidal with S8 in the apical position for the complex with Cu(II)-S bond distance calculated to be 2.874 Å and 2.199 Å for PM3 and DFT methods respectively. The low negative value of S.E (–1.58 kcal/mol) calculated for [Cu(bipy)2S8 ]2+ ion suggested that the complex is more likely to exist either in solution or as an amorphous compound. Keyword: mixed- ligand, metal analyses, antiferromagnetic, electrolytes, transitions

In the present communication novel tris(hetroaryl)bisazo dyes were synthesized by the coupling of various heterocyclic diazonium salt with 1-ethyl-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-5-((4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)diazenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile. The later compound was synthesized by a new procedure for the synthesis of well known azo pyridone dyes from 2-cyano-N-ethylacetamide, ethyl-3-oxobutanoate and 4-aryl-2-aminothaizole. Structural confirmation of all the synthesized compounds have been accomplished by UV-Visible, FT-IR, 1H-NMR,13C-NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. Solvent effects on the visible absorption spectra of the dyes were evaluated. The color of the dyes is discussed with respect to the nature of the heterocyclic ring and substituent present therein. All these dyes were applied as disperse dyes on to polyester fabrics and their fastness properties were evaluated.

A series containing twelve substituted styryl 2-pyrrolyl ketones have been synthesized by solvent free fly-ash:H2SO4 solid acid catalysed crossed aldol condensation. These chalcones were characterized by their physical constants and spectral data. The IR and NMR spectral frequencies of ?COs-cis and s-trans, deformation modes of ?CHip, op, CH=CHop and C=Cop(cm-1), ?H and ?C of ?, ? and CO(ppm) and the electrochemical reduction potential and currents of carbonyl and vinyl groups of synthesized chalcones were correlated with Hammett substituent constants, F and R parameters. From the results of statistical analyses the effects of substituents on the group frequencies and electrochemical functionalities have been discussed. The antimicrobial activities of all chalcones have been studied using Bauer-Kirby method.

A series of novel Schiff’s bases of 2-Quinolones have been synthesized using Coumarin 4 aldehydes and different substituted amines as starting materials under conventional heating method and were obtained in good yields. The synthesized compounds were screened for their anti-oxidant activity by DPPH method and were also tested for their antiproliferative activity against Lung cancer cell lines by MTT assay method. The details of the present work is presented here.

The essential oil composition of the leaves of Artemisia salsoloides, growing in Jammu & Kashmir, India, along with its antioxidant activity, is reported in present study. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the presence of eight constituents, representing 99.96% of the total oil. The major constituents of the oil were 2,4-Penta diynylbenzene (49.68%), ?-trans-ocimene (17.98%), Sabinene (16.68%), 2,5-etheno(4,2,2) propeller-3,7,9-triene (5.58%). The monoterpene content in the oil was found to be 44.70 % while as other hydrocarbon content was 55.26%. The essential oil was evaluated for antioxidant activity with DPPH radical, exhibiting an interesting antioxidant profile.

Hydrodistilled flowers (500g) of Ageratum conyzoides yielded 0.25% v/w of essential oil. Characterization of the oil using GC, GC-MS revealed the predominance of demothoxyageratochromene. Other principal constituents were; ?-caryophyllene (19.5%), ?-cubebene (5.2%), germacrene D (3.9%), ?-caryophyllene (2.9%) and trans-?-farnesene (2.4%).