Social Studies

Packaging and labeling practices are among challenges facing consumer of pharmaceutical products today. Some manufacturers, however, do not indicate all the required information on the products. This study used survey method to characterize the pharmaceutical products in the market, and it was conducted using a systematic procedure known as a checklist. Parameters like dates of manufactures, expiring dates, and general instructions were spread using excel from the checklist. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS). Conclusively, 22% of the pharmaceutical products showed only expiring dates, 14% of the pharmaceutical products showed manufacturing dates only and 64% of the products showed both skills, production and expiring dates. It was recommended that customers should clearly check for important information and proper packaging before buying the pharmaceutical products, also authorities should not only control products in the market but also in industries, checking for the Good Manufacture Practice.

In the recreation and reusing of old clothing in different ways we are using our imagination, so it is essentially a celebration of expressing ourselves. It can be a challenge to make old clothing look good. Old pieces of clothing and who might want a chance to bring them back to life. Garments become fashion waste when they no longer fit, cease to appeal visually and ideologically, or are superseded by a superior version. This research aim sees available garment materials as a kind of fabric semi-finished product. It combines with the characters of clothing style and utilizes new design thought and craft to further change available fabric appearance style. Recreating fifteen garments designs waste to give them second life by repurposed, re-construction, re-cut and adding decorative elements (embroidery, stitching, threads, crochet techniques, and discharge printing) to change original appearance for a new fashion trend.

Community development empower individuals in societies to cooperate, interrelate and take decision to participate in fixing their community challenges. Contemporarily, people mostly perceived development of a community on beautiful building, security on street, with basic infrastructure of good road network and electricity etc but ignored process of building strong relationship among people. Islam had established and described a practical social capital (bonding and bridging) within community which is not always conceded today as a sustainable tool in fostering community participation and development. This paper explore some examples from the Islamic traditions to discuss the ethical framework of Islamic social capital as a motivating mechanism in achieving sustainable community participation and development.

The purpose of this study was to establish the contribution of tourism to the host community’s human capital assets. This study employed qualitative approach by the use of exploratory research design. The target population for this study included the host community, tourism investors, camp managers, Narok County tourism officers and area chief of Mara Naboisho Conservancy. Both purposive and snowball sampling methods were used to select the respondents and information. The study utilized both primary and secondary sources of information. Primary sources included interviews, observations and Focus group discussions. The findings from the study revealed that Tourism in Mara Naboisho has contributed a lot towards job opportunities, entrepreneurial skills and income generation to the host community. It was also found out that tourism contribute significantly to human capital assets to the community in terms of employment creation as well as market for the products and services. This study also recommended that the local community should be empowered to collaborate with the Mara Naboisho Conservancy authorities to set up a location whereby the tourist on their way to the park can make a stopover and have a look at the display of their souvenir and purchase them. The Mara Naboisho Conservancy authorities should support the local community through funding in order to improve the community-based projects and also improve the local sport activities. The study findings are anticipated to provide an insight that will be used by the stakeholders to improve the livelihoods of the community who are directly involved with tourism in Narok County.

The basic purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of terrorism on Karachi stock exchange in Pakistan. Terrorism attacks throughout the world have disrupted the flow of nation and stock prices. Karachi stock exchange used as dependent variable and terrorism, foreign direct investment, gross domestic product, inflation, money supply and industrial production as independent variables. The secondary data used form the sources of Karachi stock exchange, world development indicators and Asia terrorism portal. The time period of data collection (2003-2014) .The data was analyzed by using correlation, descriptive statistics and regression techniques run on E-views. The research findings show that terrorism has negative impact on Karachi stock exchange of Pakistan. When terrorism occurred than foreign direct investment, gross domestic product, and inflation has insignificant and negative relationship with Karachi stock exchange (KSE). This study examines only banks impact/effect of terrorism on Karachi stock exchange in Pakistan by taking twelve years data. The further research can be conduct by taking different segment, more year data and other countries. This study envisions the on the whole impact of terrorist actions, not just a single activity, on the health but also effect all over the factors of the economy. For studying this impact, a Terrorism scale has been developed for this study, based on the impact of every terrorist activity in the country.

The exponential increase in social media usage by consumers necessitates its use in marketing and is considered an imperative for businesses to increase consumer engagement as an additional communication channel to market. The barrier to this engagement may be when social media marketing (SMM) strategies are wanting in the adeptness to engage consumers, which can constrain small business managers (SBMs) successes in competing and increasing sales. SBMs and business owners who fail to reach, and engage consumers, may limit opportunities to increase sales, and lower competitiveness in their sphere of operations, and are at a higher risk of failure. Underpinned by the theory of diffusion of innovation (DOI), the purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was to explore the strategies that SBMs use to develop and effectively implement SMM strategies, in the quest for greater existing and prospective customer engagement. The sample drawn from the study population of business owners included six business managers of six serving successful small businesses in Maryland who used social media marketing strategies successfully for five years, in the efforts are marketing to the customer. Semi-structured interviews serve to collect qualitative data, supplemented with a perusal of financial and other documents of industry and company respectively. A thematic analysis of the data in tandem with the lens of the DOI was instrumental in identifying the major theme of content design and engineering. SBMs could find value from this study findings as may increase knowledge of the SMM strategies that are most beneficial in developing consumer favored SMM content, selecting appropriate social media platforms, and developing effective customer reach and engagement strategies. The potential for business leaders to increase business success also holds beneficial ramifications for increased social and community welfare and prosperity.

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between Isfahan University male and female graduates’ unemployment with their emotional/mental health. The population of the study includes all the BA graduates from Isfahan University of whom 100 have been randomly selected. Of the sample population twenty five female and twenty five male graduates who had enrolled in the Department of Labor and Social Affairs in Isfahan and twenty five working male graduates and twenty five female ones were randomly selected that comprised the other fifty individuals of the sample. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) specifically touching upon the mental and emotional traits and characteristics of people was used to collect the data and the findings of the research having been analyzed indicated that there is a significant difference between the emotional/mental health level of the employed graduates and that of the unemployed ones and between the emotional/mental health levels of female and male ones.

Colds are characterized as minor infections instigated by over 200 distinct viral strains. Rhinovirus is the most common cause for the flu which leads to congestion or stuffy nose. Medical wipes offer prompt symptom alleviation, best employed at the onset of cold symptoms for temporary relief. People with thyroid issue or high blood pressure should not take decongestants, the wipes help them to get rid from congestion or stuffy nose. The development of medical wipes for cold relief is a significant advancement in medicine and healthcare. A natural fiber extracted from the plant which is known for its various medicinal properties like antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, insecticidal, analgesic, cytotoxicity, and hepatoprotective, purgative. These fibers are strong, lightweight, and highly absorbent, making them ideal for medical textile wipes. The wipes are designed to be used as a cold relief treatment and are infused with extract like eucalyptus globulus, chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver), vitex negundo (nochi), coleusamboinicus (karpooravalli), ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi), Mentha spicata (pudina) to provide anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. These herbs have natural properties that can help relieve cold and flu symptoms. To extract the herbs, we can use various methods such as steam distillation, solvent extraction, or cold pressing. Once herbal extract is extracted, you can add it to the wipes to provide relief from cold and flu symptoms. This wipes are also designed to be biodegradable and compostable, making them more eco-friendly. The development of medical textile wipes with natural fiber is a promising advancement in medicine and healthcare which can be also used by children and can provide cold relief with minimal environmental impact.

This study analyses the production cost and profitability of paddy cultivation in Bhandara district, Maharashtra, India. It categorizes farmers into two groups based on their farm size. The research aims to identify factors affecting production cost and profitability variations between the two groups. The study intends to examine the performance of paddy in Bhandara districts during the period 2023 to 2024. The secondary data on pertaining to area, production and productivity were collected from the various Government published sources i.e. Statistical Abstract of Maharashtra State, District Socio-economic Review, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Maharashtra. The results of the study indicate, at overall period, the growth rate of area was positively significant at 1 per cent level of significance in Bhandara district. This study can inform policymakers and agricultural extension services on strategies to improve paddy production efficiency and profitability for small and large farmers in Bhandara district.

One of the main concerns of economists and economic policymakers is predicting future values of economic variables. One of these variables is stock index that, according to the importance of financial markets in economic development and also attractiveness of investing in this market could have many costumers. Therefore, in this study, with the daily data of years 2006 to 2012 the total index of Tehran Stock Exchange (TIPEX) using artificial neural networks (ANN), auto regressive moving average (ARIMA), and models accuracy comparison have been predicted. Results suggest that, there is no significant difference between the accuracy of neural networks models and moving auto regressive average.