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Supply chain resilience is an increasing area of interest for researchers and companies as its impact on efficiency and effectiveness of supply chains is mirrored on the ability of enterprises to compete in a fiercely competitive marketplace. Today’s supply chains are more exposed to vulnerability due to the increasing probability of demand and supply uncertainty in complex supply chains. Some authors have reported how the risk of supply chain disruption has grown and how great the consequences of that disruption might be. However, literature have mainly focused on characteristics of supply chain to define the level of the risk or of the resilience to external (terrorist attacks, floods, earthquakes, etc.) and internal (failure of actors inside the supply chain) disruption causes. The paper presents a tactical approach to counteract the supply chain disruption issue, leading to operative rules that mitigate the effects of this negative occurrence. The approach relies on establishing novel ordering policies based on an information sharing approach. Orders placed are divided into two streams, transmitting the real demand information to the whole supply chain echelons and the required inventory adjustments in order to keep a stable inventory. A simulation model of a four echelons supply chain is developed to investigate the effect of a disruptive situation. Four ordering policies of information sharing approach are investigated and evaluated in terms of supply chain adaptability. The simulation results showed how the suggested approach can recover supply chain normal performance by reducing effects on inventories and increasing service levels of the supply chain.

Plant materials offer not only mosquito control agents, but also promise to be environmentally safe. Plant allelochemical may be quite useful in increasing the efficacy of biological control agents because plants produce a large variety of compounds that increase their resistance to insect attack. Now a day’s growing use of phytochemical for control of the insects may be attributed to the fact the populations throughout the world are coming to see the dangers inherent is conventional insecticides. Natural botanicals have provided numerous sources of phytochemicals utilized in the development of effective mosquito control agents of plant materials offer not only effective mousquito contol agents, but also promise to be environmentally safe.

Alcoholism is a significant problem in India. Alcohol misuse is considered as a serious public health issue in India and at large in the world. In addition to its prevalence among the adult population, this behaviour is equally present among adolescents also.1 Alcoholism is a condition in which an individual loses control over his alcohol intake. It is constantly unable to refrain from drinking once he begins. Impairment may involve physiological, psychological or social dysfunction the increasing production, distribution, promotion and easy availability of alcohol coupled with the changing values of society has resulted in alcohol-related problems emerging as a major public health concern in India. The rate of alcohol intake and related problems is increasing.

The paper examines Corporate Reengineering and Electronic Performance Appraisals (e-PA) of organizations in Nigeria. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate whether corporate reengineering provides some sort of positive or negative outcomes to Electronic Performance (e-PA) in organizations in Nigeria. Documentary and survey research methods are employed. Populations of interest are Human Resources Managers of both Government and private sectors, all in Rivers State. Data were drawn from 199 Human Resources Managers. After data cleaning, 86 copies of the questionnaires were used for analysis. The Multiple Regression Analysis Statistical Technique was used to analyze the data. The paper finds that there is a positive relationship between Information Technology and Perceived Usefulness; there is a positive relationship between Information Technology and Perceived-Ease-Of-Use. The paper recommends amongst others that: companies should apply self-service systems that provides employees and management the possibility to manage their own information online; software should be provided to allow employees observe parts of the online evaluations systems that points out various laments such as strengths and weakness; employment of e-performance appraisal electronic tool when adequately employed will invariably improve the corporations e-performance assessment process; corporation must provide a long in and password access to show a clear, transparent and confidential factor. Keywords: Corporate Reengineering, Electronic Performance Appraisal (e-PA), Web based Testing, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived-Ease-Of-Use.

The cyber security threat in Pakistan is a rising issue, Because of incompatible cyber security parametrized; it is enhancing more challenges for Pakistan. As Pakistan is quickly expending its resilience on cyberspace, in the similar way it is not securing its digital networks. That’s why the national infrastructure of Pakistan is also losing its strength. Now it has becomes a national security threat for Pakistan so here Pakistan really needs a proper cyber secure mechanism for the protection of her national security.

To find out combinations of the most effective cytomorphologic features to diagnose a case of breast lesion. To measure accuracy of combination of criteria used to diagnose a specific breast lesion. To determine the utility of FNAC and its continuing role in diagnosing breast lesions. Retrospective analysis of 460 patients with breast lesion referred to the Department of Pathology, Mahavir Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Patna, for FNAC and later on confirmed by HPE were included in the study, irrespective of age. Lumpectomy provided the diagnosis in 107 cases. In the present study we found that the combination of criteria assessed, enabled the segregation of breast lesions into different categories with high significance values, which will be more effective in diagnosis of disease. Combined criteria provide better results and a practical way of expressing our opinion as more objective and precise diagnosis which is good from clinician’s point of view too.

This paper is about designing a 15 tap 8-bit FIR filter using Direct form II. Serial Architecture is used for Multiplication and Accumulation. Entire Design is created in structural manner using verilog models from fsa0m a library. Delay balancing technique is used for reducing glitches in Multiplier.

Rapid growth of technology and prevalent use of computers in the business and other areas, more and more organizations are converting their handwritten paper documents into electronic documents that can be processed by computers. Handwriting recognition has attracted voluminous research in recent times. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) deals with machine recognition of characters present in an input image obtained using scanning operation. It refers to the process by which scanned images are electronically processed and converted to an editable text. Almost all the existing handwritten character recognition techniques use neural network approach, which requires lot of pre-processing and hence accomplishing these problems using neural network is a tedious task. In this paper we propose a novel solution for performing character recognition in TAMIL, the official language of the south Indian province of TamilNadu. Pursued by the pre-processing techniques, Segmentation and Feature Extraction are done for recognizing handwritten Tamil characters, which improves the efficiency. The tolerance of the system is evident as it can overwhelm the complexities arise out of font variations and proves to be flexible and robust. These initial results are promising and warrant further research in this direction.

The study was conducted during January 2012 to December 2012. The butterflies were collected from different altitudes of Yelagiri hills. Seventy three species of butterflies from fourty six genera in five families were documented. Observations were made on the basis of different seasonal occurrence. We have also documented the rare butterflies in the study area which acknowledges the value of this region for conservation.

We are very happy to announce that from 12th June 2013, Dr. M. Vijayaragavan has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Environmental Pollution. Dr. M. Vijayaragavan is currently working as Department of Botany, Government Arts College, Thiruvannamalai-606 603, Tamilnadu, India. The appointment of Dr. M. Vijayaragavan as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief