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An on farm trial (OFT) was conducted during the year 2013 and 2014 to identify a suitable variety in upland situation through direct seeding in bio-physical and socio-economic condition of Chatra district. Experiment was conducted in Mardanpur village of Chatra block of Chatra district of Jharkhand where NICRA Project is under operation. The trial was designed in randomized block design consisting of 20 replications with five technological options i.e. TO1 : Farmers variety (Motkagora) with farmer practice N30P20K0, TO2 : Vandana with improved practice N40P20K20, TO3 : Anjali with improved practice N40P20K20, TO4 : Virendra with improved practice N40P20K20 and TO5 : CR-40 with improved practice N40P20K20. Farmer’s preference was also measured through a 5 points rating scale. Results indicated that TO3 i.e. improved variety Anjali with N40P20K20 under direct seeded condition in rain-fed Tar-III was found most suitable followed by TO4- Virendra with improved practice N40P20K20 and TO2 Vandana with improved practice N40P20K20 .

Local affairs and ensuring the welfare of the village as a desirable habitat for most people is a task The charge is based Dehyarys and according to law, public affairs, directly involved and of course Dehyarys legal entity, financial and administrative autonomy and property, funds and revenues, rights and specific duties and honors of the state. In this context, the role of village councils no secret. In this study, we have investigated the characteristics of Islamic Councils in the rural city of Bushehr, with a descriptive approach. This study aimed to identify qualitative and quantitative trends Council last three periods (second, third and fourth respectively). The findings show Decreasing age, increasing the role of women in village councils, more specialized work by increasing the number of people with higher education, higher education, council members and increase the average number of Islamic Councils has 5 members. The study was presented Proposals such as increasing the powers of councils, creating a bridge between city and rural Councils considering the findings in order to share experiences and Rural Management Training Program for Rural Councils.

We proposed a new algorithm for detection of micro calcifications using mathematical morphology, adaptive bilateral filter and radon transform. The Adaptive bilateral filter is able to smooth the noise, while enhancing edges and textures in the image. Morphology operations such as dilation, erosion, opening and closing are offering a quality extraction of Shapes. In this method the radon transform based methods is applied to extract the micro calcifications. The performance of the segmentation of micro calcification is to be improved by including the mathematical morphology operations along with Radon transform. Radon transform based methods are used in computer tomography which efficiently produced random projections and give a simultaneous translational rotational alignment in two and three dimensions. The size and shape of the lesions are measured by using canny edge detection methods and segmented results are generated. The proposed method evaluated with usefulness of the system with help expert radiologists.

Plastics have become an important part of modern life and are used in different sectors of applications like packaging, building materials, consumer products and much more. Each year about 100 million tons of plastics are produced worldwide. Demand for plastics in India reached about 4.3 million tons in the year 2001-02 and would increase to about 8 million tons in the year 2006-07. Degradation is defined as reduction in the molecular weight of the polymer. The Degradation types are (a).Chain end degradation/de-polymerization (b).Random degradation/reverse of the poly condensation process. Biodegradation is defined as reduction in the molecular weight by naturally occurring microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. That is involved in the degradation of both natural and synthetic plastics.  Examples of Standard Testing for Polymer Biodegradability in Various Environments. ASTM D5338: Standard Test Method for Determining the Aerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials under Controlled Composting Conditions, ASTM D5210: Standard Test Method for Determining the Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials in the Presence of Municipal Sewage Sludge, ASTM D5526: Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials under Accelerated Landfill Conditions, ASTM D5437: Standard Practice for Weathering of Plastics under Marine Floating Exposure. Plastics are biodegraded, (1).In wild nature by aerobic conditions CO₂, water are produced,(2).In sediments & landfills by anaerobic conditions CO₂, water, methane are produced, (3).In composts and soil by partial aerobic & anaerobic conditions.

We are very happy to announce that from 6th August 2013, Dr. Kapil Kr. Bansal has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Inventory Management, Operations Research, Supply Chain Management. Dr. Kapil Kr. Bansal is currently working as Head Research & Publication, SRM University, NCR Campus, Ghaziabad 201204. The appointment of Dr. Kapil Kr. Bansal as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 24th September 2011, Dr. Sudhanshu Joshi has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Information Systems Management. Dr. Sudhanshu Joshi is currently working at School of Management, Doon University, Dehradun, India. The appointment of Dr. Sudhanshu Joshi as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

The proposed system applies to all Police stations across the country and specifically looks into the subject of Crime Records Management. It is well understood that Crime Prevention, Detection and Conviction of criminals depend on a highly responsive backbone of Information Management. The efficiency of the police function and the effectiveness with which it tackles crime depend on what quality of information it can derive from its existing records and how fast it can have access to it. It is proposed to centralize Information Management in Crime for the purposes of fast and efficient sharing of critical information across all Police Stations across the territory. Initially, the system will be implemented across Cities and Towns and later on, be interlinked so that a Police detective can access information across all records in the state thus helping speedy and successful completion to cases. The System would also be used to generate information for pro-active and preventive measures for fighting crime. The project has been planned to be having the view of distributed architecture, with centralized storage of the database. The application for the storage of the data has been planned. Using the constructs of SQL server and all the user interfaces have been designed using the DOT Net technologies. The standards of security and data protective mechanism have been given a big choice for proper usage. The application takes care of different modules and their associated reports, which are produced as per the applicable strategies and standards that are put forwarded by the administrative staff.

Working capital management is considered to be a crucial element in determining the financial performance of an organization. In this study, the purpose was to investigate working capital management and their effect on financial performance of the remittance companies in Mogadishu Somalia. Using descriptive research design, a total of 81 managerial and staff members from the two out-grower companies were targeted by way of completing a standardized and semi-structured questionnaire. The study adopted a regression and descriptive research design which attempted to explore the relationship between working capital management and financial performance. The performance was measures in terms of profitability by return on total assets, and return on investment capital as dependent financial performance (profitability) variables. The working capital is used three objectives which account receivable management second objective were cash flow management and last account payable management on the financial. In order to plane research finding the researcher used descriptive design and the data instrument used the study was questionnaire. The data analyze was SPSS (version 16).data was presented using by both descriptive and regression with anova and lastly the finding as the following.WCM practices were comparatively more effect on the financial performance. Specifically, it was observed that the companies’ receivables were mostly effect on the financial performance. Second cash flow management have passively effect on the financial performance and account payable like so finding to study became a number increased to account receivable in greases financial performance and also a number increased to cash flow management also to account payable add value or positively effect on the financial performance of the remittance companies in Mogadishu Somalia. Finally, there was need for the remittance companies to allow and increase their working capital management.

This study examines the relationship between workplace ethics and employees involvement practices in Lagos and Rivers states. Research questions and hypotheses were adduced to test, the hypothesized relationship between workplace ethics and employees involvement practices. The quantitative research data was orchestrated with the aid of a five point Likert Scale questionnaire distributed to 278 employees of in maritime firms in Lagos and Rivers states. The sample size of 278 were obtained from a population of 963 employees using the krejice and Morgan Table of Sample Size Determination on the reliability of the instrument of the study, they all met the Coronach Alpha of 0.7 and above. The validity of the instrument was determined by the experts in the field. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version21 ) and the Spearman Correlation was utilized to test the research hypotheses. The result of the study indicates that workplace ethics has relationship with all employees’ involvement practices. The study also found that the institutionalization of workplace ethics has beefed up productivity in maritime organizations. This study therefore recommends that maritime firms should ensure the institutionalization of ethical values and norms in order to improve employee involvement practices in maritime organizations in Lagos and Rivers states. KEYWORDS: Workplace ethics, employees involvement practices empowerment, team orientation and capacity building.

The contemporary 21st century business environment is facing increased dynamism, which consequently is resulting in a dramatic change and stiff competition among organizations, jockeying for position in order to gain substantial market share. These changes and competitive spirit among participants in the private sector have not only created opportunity for companies to thrive, but have also driven the economy to lane one among developing economies of the World. There is no gainsaying that sustainable competitive advantage is achieved through organizations’ resources, that is why Hoffman (2001) strongly asserts that, competitive advantage is achieved through effective combination of both tangible and intangible resources, assets, including firm management skills, organisational process, information and knowledge it controls. Similarly, Barney (1991) added that in achieving sustainable competitive advantage, firm must motivate its human resources through effective human resources practise such as training and development, recruitment, selection, and of course a fair reward system as seen in performance based pay.